狄更斯双语小说:《董贝父子》第39章Part6
日期:2014-01-03 10:59

(单词翻译:单击)

名著阅读

'Oh! I may go at once, may I, Captain?' cried Rob, exulting in his success. 'But mind! I never asked to go at once, Captain. You are not to take away my character again, because you send me off of your own accord. And you're not to stop any of my wages, Captain!'
His employer settled the last point by producing the tin canister and telling the Grinder's money out in full upon the table. Rob, snivelling and sobbing, and grievously wounded in his feelings, took up the pieces one by one, with a sob and a snivel for each, and tied them up separately in knots in his pockethandkerchief; then he ascended to the roof of the house and filled his hat and pockets with pigeons; then, came down to his bed under the counter and made up his bundle, snivelling and sobbing louder, as if he were cut to the heart by old associations; then he whined, 'Good-night, Captain. I leave you without malice!' and then, going out upon the door-step, pulled the little Midshipman's nose as a parting indignity, and went away down the street grinning triumphantly.
The Captain, left to himself, resumed his perusal of the news as if nothing unusual or unexpected had taken place, and went reading on with the greatest assiduity. But never a word did Captain Cuttle understand, though he read a vast number, for Rob the Grinder was scampering up one column and down another all through the newspaper.
It is doubtful whether the worthy Captain had ever felt himself quite abandoned until now; but now, old Sol Gills, Walter, and Heart's Delight were lost to him indeed, and now Mr Carker deceived and jeered him cruelly. They were all represented in the false Rob, to whom he had held forth many a time on the recollections that were warm within him; he had believed in the false Rob, and had been glad to believe in him; he had made a companion of him as the last of the old ship's company; he had taken the command of the little Midshipman with him at his right hand; he had meant to do his duty by him, and had felt almost as kindly towards the boy as if they had been shipwrecked and cast upon a desert place together. And now, that the false Rob had brought distrust, treachery, and meanness into the very parlour, which was a kind of sacred place, Captain Cuttle felt as if the parlour might have gone down next, and not surprised him much by its sinking, or given him any very great concern.
Therefore Captain Cuttle read the newspaper with profound attention and no comprehension, and therefore Captain Cuttle said nothing whatever about Rob to himself, or admitted to himself that he was thinking about him, or would recognise in the most distant manner that Rob had anything to do with his feeling as lonely as Robinson Crusoe.
In the same composed, business-like way, the Captain stepped over to Leadenhall Market in the dusk, and effected an arrangement with a private watchman on duty there, to come and put up and take down the shutters of the wooden Midshipman every night and morning. He then called in at the eating-house to diminish by one half the daily rations theretofore supplied to the Midshipman, and at the public-house to stop the traitor's beer. 'My young man,' said the Captain, in explanation to the young lady at the bar, 'my young man having bettered himself, Miss.' Lastly, the Captain resolved to take possession of the bed under the counter, and to turn in there o' nights instead of upstairs, as sole guardian of the property.
From this bed Captain Cuttle daily rose thenceforth, and clapped on his glazed hat at six o'clock in the morning, with the solitary air of Crusoe finishing his toilet with his goat-skin cap; and although his fears of a visitation from the savage tribe, MacStinger, were somewhat cooled, as similar apprehensions on the part of that lone mariner used to be by the lapse of a long interval without any symptoms of the cannibals, he still observed a regular routine of defensive operations, and never encountered a bonnet without previous survey from his castle of retreat. In the meantime (during which he received no call from Mr Toots, who wrote to say he was out of town) his own voice began to have a strange sound in his ears; and he acquired such habits of profound meditation from much polishing and stowing away of the stock, and from much sitting behind the counter reading, or looking out of window, that the red rim made on his forehead by the hard glazed hat, sometimes ached again with excess of reflection.
“这么说,我立刻就可以走了,是不是,船长?”罗布由于取得成功而欢天喜地,喊道,”可是记住!我从没有请求您让我立刻就走,船长。您不能再一次败坏我的名誉,因为您是出于自愿叫我走的。您也没有权利扣发我的工资,船长!”
他的主人取出锡制的茶叶罐,把应该付给磨工的钱在桌子上全部点清,因此把他所提出的最后一个问题给解决了。罗布装着可怜相,抽抽嗒嗒地哭泣着;他在感情上虽然受到了极大的伤害,但却把硬币一个个地捡起来,每捡起一个就装着可怜相,抽抽嗒嗒地哭泣一次,并把它们一个个分别塞进用手绢结成的小圆包里;然后,他登上屋顶,在帽子和口袋里装满了鸽子;然后,他走下来,到柜台下面的床铺边,把他的物品捆成一个包袱;这时他装着可怜相,抽抽嗒嗒地哭泣得更响,仿佛他的心已被往事的回忆撕得粉碎了;接着,他哀哭着,说道,”再见吧,船长,我离开您是没有恶意的!”然后,他走出到门口的台阶上,把小海军军官候补生的鼻子揪了一下,作为离别时给他的一点侮辱,最后他得意扬扬地露着牙齿笑着,走进了街道。
当只剩下船长一个人的时候,他又重新拿起报纸,仿佛没有发生过任何不寻常或意外的事情似的,继续孜孜不倦地念下去。可是卡特尔船长虽然念了好多,但却一个字也不明白,因为磨工罗布一直在报纸各栏之间蹦来跳去。
船长过去是否曾像现在这样感到被人遗弃过,这很难说;可是现在,老所尔?吉尔斯,沃尔特,心的喜悦,对他来说,是真正失去了,卡克先生又残酷地欺骗和戏弄了他。虚伪的罗布代表了他们所有的人;船长曾经很多次把心中最美好的回忆讲给他听;他曾经相信这个虚伪的罗布,而且是高高兴兴地相信他的;他曾经把他当作自己的一位伴侣,就像是一艘船中唯一还活着的朋友一样;他曾经把他当作得力助手,执行着小海军军官候补生的命令;他曾经打算尽他对他的责任;他对这孩子也曾抱有十分亲切的感情,仿佛他们曾经在同一艘船中遇难,一道被风浪吹刮到一个荒无人烟的地方似的。可是现在,当虚伪的罗布已把不信任、叛变和卑鄙带进客厅这个神圣的地方时,卡特尔船长感到客厅仿佛可能就要沉陷下去似的;如果它真正沉陷下去的话,那么他并不会感到十分惊奇,也不会感到有什么很大忧虑的。
因此,卡特尔船长十分专心地念着报纸,但却丝毫也不理解;因此,卡特尔船长没有自言自语地说到任何有关罗布的话;他不承认他在想他;虽然他感到自己现在像鲁滨逊?克鲁索一样孤独,但他不承认罗布跟他的这种感受有丝毫关系。
在同样一种镇静自若,不慌不忙的情况下,船长在薄暮时步行到伦敦肉类市场,跟那里一位值班的看守人讲好,让他每天夜间和早上前来关上和打开木制海军军官候补生的百叶窗。然后他走进小餐馆,把每天从那里供应给海军军官候补生的食物减少一半,又走进酒吧,通知停止向那位叛逆者供应啤酒。”我那位年轻人,”船长向站柜台的姑娘解释说,”我那位年轻人已经找到一份更好的工作了,小姐。”最后,船长作为产业的唯一看管人,决定把柜台下面的床铺接收下来,他在夜间就在这里而不上楼去安息。
从此以后,卡特尔船长每天早上六点钟就从这张床上起来,把上了光的帽子扣到额上;那份孤独的神态就跟克鲁索带上山羊皮帽子,结束梳洗时一样;虽然他对野蛮部族麦克?斯廷杰的侵袭的恐惧已减少一些,就像那位孤独的航海家在很长时间内没有见到吃人肉者的形迹,逐渐减少忧虑相似,可是他仍按照常规,遵守那些防御措施,每当看到女帽的时候,总要退避到他的堡垒里,事先侦察一番。在这段时间中(图茨先生来信说,他到城外去了,所以没有前来拜访),他自己的他听起来都开始觉得奇怪了;同时由于经常不断地拭擦和安放存货,并由于长久地坐在柜台后面阅读和向窗外看望,他养成了沉思的习惯,因此他前额上被上了光的坚硬的帽子扣成的红圈有时因为过度的思考而发痛。
背景阅读

本书简介:
《董贝父子》是狄更斯最重要的作品之一,发表于1848年。小说描写了董贝父子公司的盛衰史。董贝是个贪得无厌的大资本家,妻子儿女都成了他追逐利润的工具和摆设。公司经理卡克尔是个奸诈小人,骗取了董贝的信任后又一手造成了他的破产。在现实的教训中,董贝的思想发生了转变。最后,虽然他已无法重整家业,却成全了真正的家庭幸福。
豆瓣热评:永恒的大团圆结局
来自: 阿壳

在读托尔金,C.S.刘易斯和狄更斯的小说前,我很少思想关于大团圆结局的事。而这三位作家是毫不掩饰自己热爱大团圆结局的,他们都是英国人。我不知道英国文学里是否有这一种传承,我读的很少;不过我相信,在信仰上他们确实是一脉相承。刘易斯的《纳尼亚传奇》和《裸颜》是基督教寓言小说,当他有更多更清晰直白的见解时,他就放下寓言,转而将它们变为论述或演讲。托尔金不太赞成他的好朋友那样赤裸裸地谈论信仰,他自己的魔戒系列和精灵宝钻是另一种类型的寓言体,不过依然深深渗透了基督教思想——只要把它们放在圣经面前,就会很容易识别出托尔金的信念是从哪里寻得依傍。他极其喜爱公式化的“从此以后他过着幸福的生活”,狄更斯也一样,甚至有过之而无不及。
在我所读过的《雾都孤儿》、《大卫?科波菲尔》、《圣诞颂歌》和《董贝父子》中,狄更斯不管形势有多严峻,某些人能过上幸福生活的可能性是多么微小——依然坚持到结尾时把他们全部聚拢在一起,使他们苦尽甘来,平平安安,欢欢乐乐,相亲相爱,永不分离。有时候我不由猜想,他是不是想要实现某种人间天国,但很快便打消了这念头。不如说大团圆在他笔下之所以成为可能、那样牢固,正是由他对这个世界以外有天国怀有真切的盼望。他随时描写那看不见的天国,随时使他的故事与人物浸透在那种光芒中。我没见过比他更天真的作家,天真到令人感动的地步,就像他钟爱自己笔下各种各样的“憨人”,不惜亲自出马保护他们,尽管他们傻气,不谙世事,偶尔会因自己的轻信挨近危险边缘——但他们绝不会有真正的危险,真正危险的是那种因聪明而自负的人。狄更斯以他叫人眼花缭乱的幽默手法描写这些傻乎乎的人,用上他最亲切的笔墨,仿佛是在叫喊:在这样的世界里做一个天真的人是可以的!你信上帝吗?上帝保佑你!——这句话的意思其实是“在人这是不能的,在神凡事都能。”(马太福音19:26)从同一个思路出发,因此他也毫不为自己的故事有一个美好结局而感到羞赧或犹疑。
我从娱乐作品中见过同样被称作“团圆”的结局,但它们不是同一种,和狄更斯的作品比起来,那不是真团圆。香港晚间黄金时段的电视剧几乎都有譬如真相大白,破镜重圆,有情人终成眷属,好有好报坏有坏报等等情节,也时常可见“从此以后他们过上幸福的生活”。类似的结尾也出现在给小学生改写的童话里。一本叫《屠猫记?法国文化史钩沉》的书谈到,《小红帽》的最初版本是极其血腥的,在几个世纪间,类似的民间传说大多是为了告诫年轻人这个世界的残酷,要想活下去(甚至不是为了能活得多么好)你就得留神。因此,真团圆首先要面对的问题是在一个残酷世界中得到幸福怎么可能。这其实是个严肃的问题,通常电视剧不负有探讨的责任,言情小说也没有,改写的童话同样不予理会。于是我们不得不遭遇断裂:小时候事情是一个版本,等到我们长大后——它们就无情地改变了。
真团圆必须得迎难而上,否则它就不过是娱乐,演和看的人同样不信。狄更斯信,而且似乎不需要论证。和他相比,雨果不但是个雄辩家,而且简直是个没多大信心的人,他在自己的小说里长篇累牍地辩论,甚至给我一种印象,如果他在每一章的开头不把事情为什么可以那样进行说清楚,事情就真的没法儿那样进行了。而且,即便它如期进行,却充满了暴力的痕迹。就像雨果本人对法国大革命十分推崇,认为人类要想有大团圆结局便无法绕道。他把暴力写得那样激昂,那样美。和他比起来狄更斯真是毫不进取,缺乏光荣,也一点都不浪漫。他只是温和却严肃地看着自己笔下的人物,也看着他的读者,仿佛是说:你应当舍己去爱。为什么?——你信上帝吗?愿上帝保佑你!
不过,即使对狄更斯而言,真团圆的难题也是不容易解决的,因为疑虑多半来自生活中确实没有那么多的幸福美满——果真如此吗?我想起那几本书的结尾,是否有人死亡或奄奄一息呢,是的,有,有两种情况。一种是误入歧途的人,无论他们之前多么坏,此时潘然悔悟,迎接他们的是“当一个忏悔的罪人夹在九十九个正直人中间进入天堂时,天使们的脸上可能出现的就是这种狂喜的神情”。他们离开这个绊倒人和叫人悲伤的世界,去往那真正使人安息的国度。这种结局,是从福音书耶稣基督的口里得来的。另一种情况是悲剧。作恶的人直到最后都不承认自己做了可怕的事,伤害了爱他的人和无辜的人,心里没有半点怜悯和恻隐,而只有无尽的骄傲、欲望和唯我独尊的念头——狄更斯描写这种人也是不遗余力。于是,最后他们被从“好人”中放逐出去,就像狼被从羊群中赶走,免得羊群的苦楚没有尽头。在《董贝父子》里,唯一的悲剧是那个人掉到火车的铁轨中央,狂乱中被火车撞死。然而,最可怕还不在于这种死,而是狄更斯相信有另一种永恒的死如同有永恒的活一样,两者同样出自福音书。狄更斯是节制的。小说里有不少糟糕的人物,只有这一个被“处以死刑”,不是由于他罪孽深重,而是由于他不肯回转。那个人心里有那么多肮脏的欲望和自私自利的念头,几乎等于是自己跳入到死亡之中。
狄更斯坦然书写这两种结局,对他来说那是确切无疑的,他就是那样相信的。通过他的故事,我对真团圆多了一层领悟。原来,疾病不能伤害真团圆,死也不能;贫穷和破产不能伤害真团圆,爱能填补它的空缺,它却不能填补爱的空缺;辛劳、付出得不到回报、爱一个人却眼看她与别人成婚、忍耐、默默承担,以及盼望非常遥远的事情——这一切都不能伤害真团圆,而这一切,不正是我们平常所害怕、以为一旦挨着就再也无能过上幸福生活的东西吗?那么狄更斯以为真团圆是什么呢?
“她念那永恒的书,那是给世上所有疲累的、心情沉重的人,和所有可怜的、堕落的、被忽视的人的书。她念那神圣的历史。失明的、跛腿的、瘫痪的乞丐、罪犯、蒙受耻辱的女人,我们所有正人君子避开的人,都在这历史中占一个部分。在这个世界继续存在的所有纪元里,没有任何人类的骄傲、冷淡或者诡辩能把这个部分除掉,或者减少千分之一格令。她念上帝的恩典,祂对整个人生,从出生到死亡,从婴儿到老年的一切希望和不幸都怀有亲切的同情,对人生中每一个场景、每一个阶段、每一个痛苦和悲哀,都很关心。”以及——
“海浪里的声音总是以它们那不停的喃喃声向弗洛伦斯悄悄谈论爱。那爱是永恒的,无限的,并不被今世和末日所局限,而是扩展开去,越过大海,越过天空,一直到远处那个看不见的地方!”(引自《董贝父子》)
于是,狄更斯在他的故事的结尾,把所有曾经痛苦、误入歧途和懊悔的人聚集在一起,使他们最远不会离开彼此一条街。我曾经疑惑,为什么这些人总是会相聚、相识,相爱,在现实生活中这可能吗?然而,是可能的!因为他们最后总会成为某种相像的人,总是随时乐于给予而将自己的益处置之度外。经过种种磨难后,他们终于在一起,因为信仰,盼望和爱而联合了。这就是作者所相信的大团圆,它们是如此沉甸甸,因为不是不付出代价的。如果疾病,患难,贫穷,痛苦,伤害——这个残酷世界所具有的一切武器——都不能使他们仇恨彼此,不信上帝的恩慈,那么还有什么能阻挡他们,使他们无法过上幸福美满的生活呢?
于是这永恒的大团圆结局仿佛是在说:选择过幸福的生活吧,亲爱的朋友!愿上帝祝福你!

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重点单词
  • savageadj. 野性的,凶猛的,粗鲁的,荒野的 n. 野蛮人,
  • excessn. 过量,超过,过剩 adj. 过量的,额外的
  • accordn. 一致,符合 v. 使一致,调解,给予
  • previousadj. 在 ... 之前,先,前,以前的
  • settledadj. 固定的;稳定的 v. 解决;定居(settle
  • tinn. 罐头,锡,听头 adj. 锡制的 vt. 镀锡于
  • doubtfuladj. 可疑的,疑心的,不确定的
  • commandn. 命令,指挥,控制 v. 命令,指挥,支配 n. [
  • explanationn. 解释,说明
  • robv. 抢劫,掠夺