揭秘牙齿中的VIP 5类牙齿需重点保护
日期:2011-01-11 11:12

(单词翻译:单击)

Some of our 32 adult teeth are more vulnerable to decay and damage than others. Here, London dentist Dr Charles Ferber reveals where the dangers lie.
  你知道吗?在成人的32颗恒牙中,有的牙齿要更容易遭受损伤和腐蚀,想要有一口漂亮又健康的牙齿,除了日常的清洁护理之外,还应对这一类“VIP牙”进行重点保护。


INCISORS

  门牙

  Incisors are the eight teeth at the front of your mouth — four at the top, four at the bottom.

  门牙是分布于口腔下颚前方的八颗牙齿,四颗在上,四颗在下。

  PROBLEMS: The central incisors are most vulnerable, but those in the lower jaw are particularly affected by teeth grinding, which 8 per cent of us do unconsciously.

  问题:位于中央位置的门牙是非常容易受到腐蚀的,而下颚的门牙则直接则特别容易遭受磨损。

  Your lower central incisors are more -yellow because the enamel is thinner, revealing the yellowish tissue (dentine) that gives teeth their strength.

  下门牙很容易呈现出黄色,这是因为珐琅质较薄而露出了黄色的组织,也就是牙本质的“真面目”,而这样以外便使得下门牙异常的坚硬。

  The inside of these incisors is also particularly prone to tartar because there are -salivary glands here. Minerals in saliva combine with plaque to form hardened tartar. A build-up of tartar can cause -irritation that gradually makes the gum and jawbone shrink.

  但因为唾液腺位置的缘故,门牙上也非常容易有牙垢的出现。唾液中的矿物质在结合之后,会形成硬化的斑块牙垢,而当牙垢积累到一定的程度之后,可能会引起牙龈与颚骨的萎缩。


CANINES

  犬牙

  These are the strongest teeth; their pointed shape makes them useful for shredding, cutting and tearing food. There are four: two on the top, two on the -bottom, on the side of the lateral incisors.

  犬牙是最坚固的牙齿,锥形的构造让磨牙在碾碎、切断和撕裂食物方面“得心应手”,四颗犬牙上下平均分布,位于门牙的左右两边。

  PROBLEMS: These contain more dentine to make them stronger so they are difficult to whiten.

  问题:因为富含牙本质,所以犬牙也非常的坚固,但却也非常难以达到洁白光亮的效果。


PREMOLARS

  前臼齿

  Adults have eight premolar teeth, two next to each canine tooth in the upper and lower jaw. Their job is to chew and grind up food.

  成人长有八颗前臼齿,分别位于上下颚犬齿后端,他们主要负责咀嚼与研磨食物的工作。

  PROBLEMS: Premolars are more vulnerable to gum abrasions, caused by brushing teeth too harshly. This can lead to inflammation and, in the long term, gum -disease (causing teeth to fall out).

  问题:错误的刷牙方式常常会致使前臼齿的牙龈“受伤”,久而久之,则会引起牙龈疾病(从而发生脱落的现象)。



 MOLARS

  臼齿

  The molars are the largest teeth in the mouth and are also very strong — there are four at the top and four at the bottom.

  臼齿是口腔内较大的牙齿,同样十分坚韧,分布于左右颊部后端,上下各四颗。

  PROBLEMS: These are the most likely to need fillings because they are harder to reach when brushing; it’s a -problem for upper molars because salivary ducts in the cheek next to them produce saliva and this causes plaque to harden.

  问题:位置靠内而难以清洁,所以臼齿是最需“补牙”的牙齿。而上臼齿十分接近脸颊两侧的唾液腺,因为十分容易导致牙菌斑的产生。



  WISDOM TEETH

  智齿

  The largest teeth. Some people never develop them, others have up to four, one in each corner.

  智齿是所有牙齿当中体积最佳的一种,有的人一辈子都不会长出智齿,而有的人则会在牙槽骨上最里面的上下左右各冒出一颗。

  PROBLEMS: Sometimes wisdom teeth don’t erupt through the gums properly and a gum flap extends over the crown. Bacteria get stuck underneath this flap, making the area inflamed.

  智齿常常不会“规矩”的顺着牙龈长出,而是在牙冠的一侧冒出一瓣牙龈。而“躲藏”在牙肉空隙之内细菌往往会造成这一区块出现红肿的现象。

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重点单词
  • revealingadj. 有启迪作用的,透露内情的,袒露身体的 动词re
  • chewvt. 咀嚼,嚼碎,损坏 vi. 咀嚼 n. 咀嚼,咀嚼
  • plaquen. 匾,饰板,名牌,徽章,[医]齿菌斑
  • lateraladj. 侧面的,横向的,旁边的 n. 分流,后传,后音
  • dentistn. 牙科医生
  • vulnerableadj. 易受伤害的,有弱点的
  • harshlyadv. 严厉地;刺耳地;粗糙地
  • bacterian. (复数)细菌
  • inflammationn. 发炎,红肿,炎症
  • hardenv. (使)变硬,(使)坚强