新东方GRE核心词汇考法精析 List28:Unit7
日期:2016-05-07 09:26
(单词翻译:单击)
grit
【考法 1】 n. (面对困难时所表现出来的)毅力: the strength of mind that enables a person to endure pain or hardship
【例】 She was an athlete with true grit, continuing her training despite bad weather and an injury. 她是真正一个有着惊人毅力的运动员,即便是在受了伤外加天气恶劣的情况下仍然坚持训练。
【近】 backbone, constancy, fiber, grittiness, guts, intestinal fortitude, pluck, spunk
【反】 cowardliness, cravenness, gutlessness, pusillanimity, spinelessness 懦弱
infraction .
【考法 1】 n. 违背,违犯: a failure to uphold the requirements of law, duty, or obligation
【例】 Speeding is only a minor infraction, but vehicular homicide is a serious felony. 超速只是小的违章,但是用机动车故意杀人就是重罪了。
【近】 breach, contravention, infringement, transgression, trespass, violation
【反】 observance 遵守
madcap .
【考法 1】 n. 热爱冒险的人: a person who seeks out very dangerous or foolhardy adventures with no apparent fear
【例】 an incorrigible madcap who loves drag racing and white-water rafting 一个热爱飙车和激流竹筏的无药可救的冒险狂
【近】 daredevil, madman
【考法 2】 adj. 大胆的,鲁莽的: behaving or acting impulsively or rashly;foolishly adventurous or bold
【例】 They switched from one madcap scheme to another. 他们从一个鲁莽的方案换到了另一个。
【近】 audacious, bold, brash, daredevil, overbold, overconfident, reckless, temerarious
【反】 careful, cautious, circumspect, guarded, heedful, prudent, wary 谨慎的,小心的
novice
【考法 1】 n. 新手,初学者: a person new to a field or activity
【例】 a novice chess player 象棋初学者
【近】 apprentice, colt, fledgling, freshman, greenhorn, neophyte, newcomer, recruit, rook, tenderfoot, tyro, virgin
【反】 doyen, maven, veteran 有经验的人
observant
【考法 1】 adj. 警惕的,警觉的: paying close attention usually for the purpose of anticipating approaching danger or opportunity
【例】 Good reporters are keenly observant of everything around them. 优秀的记者应该对身边所有的事情都保持高度的警惕。‖If you were more observant, you would perceive that something is troubling her deeply. 如果你能再警觉一些的话,你就会发现她正被某些东西困扰。
【近】 alert, attentive, awake, cautious, sharp, vigilant, watchful
【反】 careless, heedless, inattentive, unmindful, unthinking, unwary 不谨慎的
【考法 2】 adj. 严格遵守(规章、制度或原则)的: diligent in observing a law, custom, duty, or principle
【例】 observant of the speed limit 严格遵守速度限制‖pious and religiously observant families 虔诚而严守教规的家庭
【近】 law-abiding
【派】 observance n. 遵守(规定)
plenitude
【考法 1】 n. 丰富,充沛: an amount or supply more than sufficient to meet one's needs
【例】 a region blessed with a plenitude of natural resources 充满着上帝赐予的丰富资源的地区
【近】 abundance, cornucopia, feast, plentitude, plethora, wealth
【反】 deficiency, inadequacy, insufficiency, undersupply 匮乏,不足
【考法 2】 n. 大量: a considerable amount
【例】 She has gathered a plenitude of information on the topic. 有关这个话题她收集了大量的资料。
【近】 bunch, bundle, dozen, multiplicity, myriad, plateful, plenty, profusion, reams, scads, spate, stack, volume
【反】 ace, bit, glimmer, handful, hint, mite, nip, ounce, pittance, speck, spot, trace 少量
replenish
【考法 1】 vt. 补充: to fill or make complete again; add a new stock or supply to
【例】 He went to replenish her glass. 他去续杯了。
【近】 refill, reload
【反】 consume, drain, empty, exhaust 清空,耗尽
stasis .
【考法 1】 n. 平衡,停滞: a condition of balance among various forces
【例】 For the time being, the populations of the national park's predators and prey remain in stasis. 目前国家公园中捕食者和猎物的数量保持着一定的平衡。‖Language is a primary element of culture,and stasis in the arts is tantamount to death. (Charles Marsh) 语言是文化当中的主要元素,艺术的停滞和平衡就等同于死亡。--查理斯·马氏
【近】 counterpoise, equilibration, equilibrium, equipoise, poise
【反】 disequilibration, disequilibrium, imbalance, nonequilibrium, unbalance 不平衡
tycoon .
【考法 1】 n. 大亨,巨头: a person of rank, power, or influence in a particular field
【例】 an oil tycoon who's widely considered the most powerful man in the county 被认为是郡上最有势力的一个石油大亨‖The automobile tycoon is on the verge of bankruptcy. 汽车巨头濒临破产的边缘。
【近】 baron, captain, king, lion, lord, magnate, mogul, monarch, prince
【反】 nobody, nothing, zero 不起眼的人物
umbrage .
【考法 1】 n. 不悦,生气: the feeling of being offended or resentful after a slight or indignity
【例】 He would take umbrage at the slightest suggestion of disrespect. 哪怕是一点点的不敬也会让他不悦。
【近】 dudgeon, huff, miff, offense, peeve, resentment
【反】 contentment, delight, gratification, happiness, pleasure 满意,高兴
【考法 1】 n. (面对困难时所表现出来的)毅力: the strength of mind that enables a person to endure pain or hardship
【例】 She was an athlete with true grit, continuing her training despite bad weather and an injury. 她是真正一个有着惊人毅力的运动员,即便是在受了伤外加天气恶劣的情况下仍然坚持训练。
【近】 backbone, constancy, fiber, grittiness, guts, intestinal fortitude, pluck, spunk
【反】 cowardliness, cravenness, gutlessness, pusillanimity, spinelessness 懦弱
infraction .
【考法 1】 n. 违背,违犯: a failure to uphold the requirements of law, duty, or obligation
【例】 Speeding is only a minor infraction, but vehicular homicide is a serious felony. 超速只是小的违章,但是用机动车故意杀人就是重罪了。
【近】 breach, contravention, infringement, transgression, trespass, violation
【反】 observance 遵守
madcap .
【考法 1】 n. 热爱冒险的人: a person who seeks out very dangerous or foolhardy adventures with no apparent fear
【例】 an incorrigible madcap who loves drag racing and white-water rafting 一个热爱飙车和激流竹筏的无药可救的冒险狂
【近】 daredevil, madman
【考法 2】 adj. 大胆的,鲁莽的: behaving or acting impulsively or rashly;foolishly adventurous or bold
【例】 They switched from one madcap scheme to another. 他们从一个鲁莽的方案换到了另一个。
【近】 audacious, bold, brash, daredevil, overbold, overconfident, reckless, temerarious
【反】 careful, cautious, circumspect, guarded, heedful, prudent, wary 谨慎的,小心的
novice
【考法 1】 n. 新手,初学者: a person new to a field or activity
【例】 a novice chess player 象棋初学者
【近】 apprentice, colt, fledgling, freshman, greenhorn, neophyte, newcomer, recruit, rook, tenderfoot, tyro, virgin
【反】 doyen, maven, veteran 有经验的人
observant
【考法 1】 adj. 警惕的,警觉的: paying close attention usually for the purpose of anticipating approaching danger or opportunity
【例】 Good reporters are keenly observant of everything around them. 优秀的记者应该对身边所有的事情都保持高度的警惕。‖If you were more observant, you would perceive that something is troubling her deeply. 如果你能再警觉一些的话,你就会发现她正被某些东西困扰。
【近】 alert, attentive, awake, cautious, sharp, vigilant, watchful
【反】 careless, heedless, inattentive, unmindful, unthinking, unwary 不谨慎的
【考法 2】 adj. 严格遵守(规章、制度或原则)的: diligent in observing a law, custom, duty, or principle
【例】 observant of the speed limit 严格遵守速度限制‖pious and religiously observant families 虔诚而严守教规的家庭
【近】 law-abiding
【派】 observance n. 遵守(规定)
plenitude
【考法 1】 n. 丰富,充沛: an amount or supply more than sufficient to meet one's needs
【例】 a region blessed with a plenitude of natural resources 充满着上帝赐予的丰富资源的地区
【近】 abundance, cornucopia, feast, plentitude, plethora, wealth
【反】 deficiency, inadequacy, insufficiency, undersupply 匮乏,不足
【考法 2】 n. 大量: a considerable amount
【例】 She has gathered a plenitude of information on the topic. 有关这个话题她收集了大量的资料。
【近】 bunch, bundle, dozen, multiplicity, myriad, plateful, plenty, profusion, reams, scads, spate, stack, volume
【反】 ace, bit, glimmer, handful, hint, mite, nip, ounce, pittance, speck, spot, trace 少量
replenish
【考法 1】 vt. 补充: to fill or make complete again; add a new stock or supply to
【例】 He went to replenish her glass. 他去续杯了。
【近】 refill, reload
【反】 consume, drain, empty, exhaust 清空,耗尽
stasis .
【考法 1】 n. 平衡,停滞: a condition of balance among various forces
【例】 For the time being, the populations of the national park's predators and prey remain in stasis. 目前国家公园中捕食者和猎物的数量保持着一定的平衡。‖Language is a primary element of culture,and stasis in the arts is tantamount to death. (Charles Marsh) 语言是文化当中的主要元素,艺术的停滞和平衡就等同于死亡。--查理斯·马氏
【近】 counterpoise, equilibration, equilibrium, equipoise, poise
【反】 disequilibration, disequilibrium, imbalance, nonequilibrium, unbalance 不平衡
tycoon .
【考法 1】 n. 大亨,巨头: a person of rank, power, or influence in a particular field
【例】 an oil tycoon who's widely considered the most powerful man in the county 被认为是郡上最有势力的一个石油大亨‖The automobile tycoon is on the verge of bankruptcy. 汽车巨头濒临破产的边缘。
【近】 baron, captain, king, lion, lord, magnate, mogul, monarch, prince
【反】 nobody, nothing, zero 不起眼的人物
umbrage .
【考法 1】 n. 不悦,生气: the feeling of being offended or resentful after a slight or indignity
【例】 He would take umbrage at the slightest suggestion of disrespect. 哪怕是一点点的不敬也会让他不悦。
【近】 dudgeon, huff, miff, offense, peeve, resentment
【反】 contentment, delight, gratification, happiness, pleasure 满意,高兴