1 have:表示“生病”，后常跟表示疾病的名词，是最通俗的说法，多用于口语。

例句：As I remember, my brother and sister both had severe asthmatic attacks in the childhood.
我记得，我弟弟和妹妹小时候都得过严重的哮喘病。



2 take/catch:均可表示“生病”，且含有“感染”之意。美国人多用take，英国人多用catch。

例句：Mary takes cold easily. 玛丽易患感冒。
Towards the end of the year, his son caught scarlet fever.快到年底的时候他儿子得了腥红热。



3 contract：较正式的“生病”用语，常用于书面语。

例句：The patient may contract acute bacterial peritonitis, in which case a surgical intervention should be considered. 该病人可能患有急性细菌性腹膜炎，在此情况下就得考虑手术处理。



4 get: 常作“生病”讲，后接表示疾病的名词。

例句：I think she's got epidemic meningitis. 我怀疑她得了流行性脑膜炎。



5 suffer from: 常用来表示“患病”，后接疾病名词，多用于医生与病人的交谈之中。

例句：Is there anybody in your family who has suffered from the same eye disease as you? 你家中还有没有人得过跟你一样的眼病？



6 (be) ill with: 如表示“患......病”的时候后面须跟with，多见于英式英语。

例句：The patient is ill with influenza. 病人患流行性感冒。



7 (be) sick with: 多用于美式英语，与be ill with可以相互替换，但sick with不能改为sick of。

例句：The doctor told me that I was sick(ill) with hypertension.医生说我患有高血压。


8 fall ill(sick) with; fall ill(sick): 表示“患......病”时，后面须加with。

例句：Jackie fell ill with a fever last week and has been in bed ever since.杰基上星期发烧，一直躺在床上。



9 be seized with: 一般表示“突然患......病”。

例句：The patient was seized with apoplexy yesterday afernoon.病人昨天下午忽患中风。



10 be attacked with: 基本意是“为......疾病所侵袭”，常译成“患......病”。

例句：Attacked with acute myocardial inraction, the patient was surveilled for a week in hospital. 病人患急性心肌梗塞后，在医院里监护了一个星期。



11 be troubled with: 意为“患......病”。

例句：The patient troubled with constipation should have enough sleep, regular time for meal and proper mastication of food. 便秘病人应有足够的睡眠，进食定时，对于食物要细嚼慢咽。



12 be vulnerable to: 一般常用来表示“易患......病”。

例句：Fibres from the macular region of the retina are particularly vulnerable to inflammation. 视网膜斑区的纤维特别易患炎症。


13 expose...to (be exposed to): 以为“使......易患......病”，“易患......病”。

例句： An attack of fever weakens a child and exposes it to all kinds of infections. 发烧使患儿虚弱，易患各种感染。
When having cold, children are exposed to pneumonia. 孩子感冒时易患肺炎。