不景气 slump （衰退 recession）

二板市场 the second board market

中国创业板 China Growth Enterprise Market

首次上市 IPOs (initial public offering)

市场资本总额 market capitalization

法人股 institutional shares

内部股（非上市招股） private company shares

牛市 bull market

法律风险 legal risk

风险管理 risk management

坚持严格的贷款标准 maintain strong

underwriting standards

六大风险 risks in 6 key areas (U.S. Federal Reserve criterion)

信用风险 credit risk

供给学派 supply-side economist

第一产业（农业） agriculture (primary industry)

第二产业（工业） manufacturing industry (secondary industry)

第三产业（服务业） service industry (tertiary industry)

主要经济指标 major economic indicators

国内生产总值 GDP gross domestic product （商品和劳务币值总和，不包括海外收入支出）

国民生产总值 GNP gross national product（商品和劳务币值总和，包括海外收入支出）

人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita

宏观经济 macro economy

互助基金 mutual fund

扩大内需 expand domestic demand

改善居民心理预期 inspire the general

public's confidence in the future needs

鼓励增加即期消费 encourage more

immediate consumption

长期国债 long-term treasury bonds

支付国债利息 to service treasury bonds

财政赤字和债务 deficits and the national debt

按原口径计算 calculate on the base line

按不变价格计算 calculate at constant price

按可比价格计算 calculate at comparable price

列入财政预算支出 listed in the fiscal budget

结售汇制度 the system of exchange,settlement and sales

经常项目顺差 favorable balance of current

account, surplus of current account

开办人民币业务 engage in Renminbi

(RMB) business

出口退税制度 the system of refunding

taxes on exported goods

保证金台帐制度 Deposit account system

for processing trade

分期付款 pay by installment

保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings

抵押贷款 collateralised loans

住房抵押贷款 residential mortgage loan

货币主义者 monetarist

计划经济 planned economy

指令性计划 mandatory plan

技术密集型 technology intensive

大规模生产 mass production

经济林 cash tree

跟踪审计 follow-up auditing

流动性风险 liquidity risk

操作风险 operational risk

内部审计 internal audit

抛售 bear sales

配套政策 supporting policies

中国人民银行（中央银行）The People’s

Bank of China（central bank）

四大国有商业银行 4 major state-owned

commercial banks

中国银行 Bank of china

中国工商银行 Industrial and Commercial

Bank of China（）and

中国建设银行 Construction Bank of China

中国农业银行 Agricultural Bank of China

招商银行 China Merchants Bank

疲软股票 soft stock

进一步规范和发展证券市场

further standardize and develop the securities market

增加直接融资比重 increase the proportion

of direct financing

完善股票发行上市制度 improve the

system for IPO and listing on stock markets

中国证监会 China Securities Regulatory

Commission (CSRC)

深圳证券交易所市 Shenzhen Stock Exchange

上海证券交易所 Shanghai Stock Exchange

综合指数 composite index

纳斯达克（高技术企业板） NASDAQ

（National Association of Securities

Dealers Automated Quotation

主板市场 the main board

通货紧缩 deflation

中国现代化建设分三步走的战略the

three-step development strategy of China’s

modernization drive第一步，到1990年国

民生产总值比1980年翻一番 Step One:

GDP of 1990 doubles that of 1980.第二步，到2000年人均国民生产总值比1980年翻两番

GDP of 2000 quadruples that of 1980;

people live a fairly comfortable life.第三

步，到21世纪中期建国100周年时，达

到中等发达国家水平 Step Three: By the

year 2049, the 100th anniversary of the

P.R.C., China’s level of development is

expected to be on par with the mid-ranking

developed countries

与世界经济的联系将更加紧密 be more

closely linked to the world economy

中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实

的购买力 The huge market potential that

China enjoys will be turned into tangible

purchasing power.

适应市场经济需要的法律法规体系还不

够健全 The regulatory and legal system is

not well established as to adapt to the

demand of market economy.

经济管理体制可能会出现一些不适应

The economic management system may not

be readily adapted to the changes.

一些行业和企业可能会受到冲击 Some

sectors of economy and some businesses

may be adversely affected.

立足中国国情，发挥自身优势 proceed

from national conditions in China and bring

our advantages into play

扬长避短，趋利避害，迎接经济全球化的

挑战 foster strengths and circumvent

weaknesses and rise to the challenge of economic globalization

瓶颈制约 bottleneck constraints

放权让利 decentralization and interest concessions (in late 1980s and early 1990s)

深化改革 intensify reform; deepen one’s commitment to reform

配套改革 supporting (concomitant)reforms

配套资金 counterpart funds; local funding of

提高经济效益 improve economic

performance; increase economic returns

讲求社会效益 value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect

加速国民经济信息化 develop

information-based economy accelerate IT

application in economy

拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

利改税 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery

费改税 transform administrative fees into taxes

债转股 debt-to-equity swap

头寸宽裕（头寸紧缺） in an easy position

(tight position)

朝阳产业 sunrise industry

招标投标制 the system of public bidding or project

充分发挥货币政策的作用 give full play

to the role of monetary policy

实施积极的财政政策 follow a pro-active