(单词翻译:单击)
INTERPRETATION TEST (Paper 0109) Part A
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal...and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now, let us begin Part A with the first passage.
Passage 1 tells us that more and more young women choose not to have children because of great pressure from their work.
中口英译汉部分每段开头都有梗概介绍,一定要引起足够重视,因为它提供了段落的线索,是理解的着眼点与围绕点。实践证明 ,本篇的每一段都有一定难度,很多考生做得不理想,就是没有抓住“女性不愿要孩子”这一主线。梗概的理解应当说比各段难度低,其实听懂了梗概,就能解决很大的问题。
不过,历来考试的第一段考生的表现都不尽理想,因为考生的紧张情绪分散了其注意力,使其无法进入状态。对此,建议考生在听directions的时候就可以开始做笔记了,以求定神与热身。然后认真关注梗概。
Passage 1:
With the economic globalization, more and more young people are working under great pressure. In my recent survey, I have found that childless people are one of the fastest-growing segments of the work force.
fastest-growing为常用政经英语用语,经常出现在诸如“增长最快的经济体”(fastest-growing economy)等表述中,很多考生听不出主要是语音不熟悉,建议相关考生跟着标准发音把这个词多朗读几遍,最好放在词组、句子这样真实的环境中。
segment的意思有:1)“弦(圆上两点之间的连线)”,2)“部分”,相当于section,3)“(橙子、柠檬等)瓣”。这里即为“部分”之意。
One woman in five over the age of forty has never given birth to a child. In the near future, the number of households without children will overtake the number of households with children.
统计中,经常使用“每多少中有一个/只/…”的表述,其对应的英语说法有one in …或one out of…。第一句中的one woman in five就是“五个中有一个”的意思。
give birth to a child即意为“生育一个孩子”,本为常用语,但许多考生对此并不熟悉。表达“生育”的还有bear一词,但较为文雅,使用频率不及give birth to。
overtake意为“超过”,有相同用法的还有exceed,surpass。
Those childless couples are getting more and more used to their own life. Some childless couples look forward to child-free sections in restaurants and airplanes and recreational areas.
也许是speaker的发音过快,get used to这一词组很多考生未能理解并译出,这直接导致其失去对本段的整体把握,甚至影响到其对下一段的理解与把握。
child-free sections意指“不许儿童进入的区域”。实事求是的说,很少会有考生听说过这样的表达与这样的地方。但是smoke-free area应当是众所周知的;而且,这个表述出现在“有些人不愿要孩子”的语境中,这就应当容易理解和翻译了。
They might only shop, dine or swim in ‘adult-only’ spaces in order to avoid noisy infants and keep themselves quiet and peaceful. I am afraid this phenomenon will leave a negative impact on social development.
如上,adult-only这样的字眼难免让人感到陌生,但是Staff Only(闲人免进/非员工莫入)应当是大家熟知的,再结合语境to avoid noisy infants与全篇主题,就能得出第一句的要旨了。
A leaves/exerts/has a negative/positive impact on B意为“A给B留下/造成消极的/积极的影响”。
(参考答案)
随着经济全球化,越来越多的人在巨大压力下工作。在最近的调查中,我发现不生育人口是就业人口中增长最快的一部分。
40岁以上的妇女每5人中就有1人从未生育过孩子,而且她们中的大多数人以后也决不会生育孩子。要不了多久,无子女家庭的数量将会超过有孩子的家庭。
那些不生育者越来越习惯他们自己的生活。一些不生育者期待着餐厅、飞机和娱乐场所中出现“儿童免进区”,在超级市场和大型商场里设立“儿童免入时段”。
他们只在“成人专用”的地方购物、吃饭或游泳,以避免吵闹的婴儿,保持自己的安宁。我真担忧此种现象将会给社会发展带来负面影响。
Passage 2 is about the trade relations between Europe and Asia.
由梗概得知本篇讲的是欧亚两大洲的贸易关系,要始终抓牢这一主线。Passage 2:
Europe and Asia are two major cradles of human civilization. They have both contributed to social development and human progress. History has proved the necessity to expand cooperative relations between the two continents.
cradle意为“摇篮”,necessity意为“必要性”,两个词难度本不大,但放在真实语境中就会造成考生的听解障碍。再次建议考生平时多朗读,并注意单词在语境中的发音。
European Union is the world’s largest trade bloc. Its gross domestic product and foreign trade volume both surpass those of the United States. It enjoys the highest level of political and economic integration.
trade bloc意为“贸易联盟”,此词组大部分考生未能译出。此外GDP大家很熟悉,但其全称gross domestic product很多考生却未能反应出来。trade volume意为“贸易量”。integration意为“一体化”,如economic integration (经济一体化)。
本段很多考生失利主要因为有几个相对陌生的术语扰乱了考生的注意力。其实,中高级口译中的政经词汇重复率很高,大家完全可以选取一些术语词表经常背诵或朗读,这提高听解能力很有好处。
Trade ties between Europe and Asia have expanded rapidly in recent years. Asia has replaced the United States as the EU’s largest export market. More than 35 percent of its exports are targeted for the region.
trade ties是常用语,意为“贸易纽带/关系”,其中的ties即指“关系,纽带,维系”,如the ties of friendship (友谊的纽带),family ties (家族关系),blood ties (血缘关系)等。
Asia has replaced the United States as the EU’s largest export market这一句很多考生译成了“美国成为欧盟最大出口市场”,这显然是断章取义的结果。
be targeted for/at/on意为“面向/指向/以…为目标”,相当于be aimed at或be oriented to/towards,如the missiles targeted on the enemy (瞄准敌人的导弹),a sales campaign targeted at the youth market (面向青年人市场的大推销活动)。
It is our common desire that Europe and Asia should resolve differences through dialogues and mutual trust, and form a new partnership in the interest of the peoples of our two continents.
本段的用语多为套话,如common desire,resolve difference through dialogues and mutual trust,form a partnership,in the interest of等,只要平时学习过此类使用频率极高的用语,则本段不构成困难。
(参考答案)
欧洲和亚洲是两大人类文明的摇篮。它们都对社会发展和人类的进步做出了贡献。历史证明有必要扩大两大洲之间的合作。
欧盟是世界上最大的贸易联盟。它的国民生产总值和对外贸易量都超过了美国。这一地区的政治、文化、教育和经济一体化程度是最高的。
欧洲和亚洲之间的贸易关系近年来有了快速扩大。亚洲已经取代美国成了欧盟最大的出口市场。欧盟35%强的出口销往亚洲。
我们共同希望欧洲和亚洲能通过对话和互相信任来解决我们之间的分歧,为了两大洲人民的利益建立新的伙伴关系。
Part B
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English. Start interpreting at the signal...and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.
本篇选编自教材第六单元第一篇“新春联欢”(P150),而且以该篇为模版的汉译英在今年来反复出现。实际上,每次考试几乎都选用至少一篇教材上的模版,且有些模版使用不只一次。这说明一个问题:教材上的各种话题所构成的模版对于应试是有高度的使用价值的。遗憾的是,每次考试涉及到教材的内容时仍有相当多的考生茫然不知,笔者要反问一句:花了这么多的精力和时间参加考试(很多外地考生当天要从外地赶来再赶回去),为什么不提前做好功课?只是临阵翻翻教材、看看辅导机构压的所谓的重点无济于事!凭这种侥幸心理无法使人通过考试,更无法造就口译能力。口译能力是靠平时点点滴滴的努力换来的,是通过不断的、有系统的实践而发展出的一种习惯与意识。教材已经给大家提供了好的参照,我们理应以此为出发点稳扎稳打,方能标本兼顾,望各位共勉。
Passage 1:
各位嘉宾:在这个美丽无比的夜晚,我感谢各位能在一年最繁忙的季节,从百忙中拨冗光临我们的新春联欢晚会。
“从百忙中拨冗”可译作take the time off one’s busy schedule。
特别有幸的是,今晚我们邀请到了从加拿大远道而来的朋友们。有如此杰出的贵宾与我们一起共同欢度春节,我深感自豪与荣幸。
除译文所给之外,“特别有幸的是”也可译成We’re very much honored that…/to…。“从加拿大远道而来”意为“特地从加拿大赶来”,所以使用come here all the way from Canada;“从远道而来”还可译作come from afar。
我们将尽自己之所能使各位度过一个最欢乐、最难忘的夜晚。我希望各位来宾能尽情品尝中国的传统佳肴与美酒。
“尽情地”可用to one’s heart’s content,如果大家将之与to one’s surprise,to one’s disappointment,to one’s pity,to one’s relief等相比照的话,那么该结构就十分好记了。
各位还将欣赏由本公司一些才华横溢的青年员工所表演的中国味纯正的文艺节目。今晚我们会过得非常愉快。
第一句话比较长,虽然笔录不难,但重点是如何将汉语结构成功转换成英文结构。考虑到英文结构一般先说中心词,后说修饰语或说明性成分,“各位还将欣赏由本公司一些才华横溢的青年员工所表演的中国味纯正的文艺节目”应变为“各位还将欣赏/纯正的中国味的/文艺节目/所表演/由一些才华横溢的青年员工/本公司的”,对应的译文即you will enjoy the authentic Chinese performance acted by some talented young employees of our company。
(参考答案)
My distinguished guests: On this most beautiful evening, I wish to thank all the people here for taking the time off their busy schedule, at the busiest time of the year, to come to our Chinese New Year’s party. We really appreciate your presence here tonight with us.
In particular, we are very fortunate tonight to have the attendance of our friends, who came here all the way from Canada. I feel very proud and honored to have such a distinguished group of guests with us, in celebration of our Spring Festival.
We will do our best to make this evening most enjoyable and most memorable for you. I hope you will have a good time enjoying the traditional Chinese cuisine and drinking the unique Chinese wine to your heart’s content.
In a moment, you will enjoy the authentic Chinese performance acted by some talented young employees of our company. We will have a lot of fun tonight.
Passage 2:
今天,体育运动的重要意义越来越为世人所认识。世界各国通过体育运动,增进对话与交流,推动社会、文化和经济不断发展。
“…为世人所认识”可用be recognized by the general public,也可用be universally recognized。
体育运动不仅让我们拥有强健的体魄,更让我们学会沟通与合作。体育运动已成为各国之间加强联系的重要媒介。
“让…做…”这一汉语表达可有多种翻译方法,要看具体语境要求。该结构单一表示使动含义时可用make/let/have sb do,get sb to do等;有要求、请求、命令、建议等含义时可用ask/advise/order/request/require sb to do等;该结构若表示“对…有助益”的含义时可使用help sb (to) do;enable/encourage sb to do等等。此处即可选择help或enable sb to do。
中国人民热爱和平、向往繁荣,一定会在奥林匹克精神指引下,积极参与和支持世界各项体育赛事。
“向往”可译作yearn/long/aspire for。“在…的指引下”可用under the guidance of…或under one’s guidance或guided by…;相类似的汉语结构如“在…的领导下”可译作under the leadership或under one’s leadership或led by…,“在…的帮助下”可译作with the help of…或with one’s help,“在…的监督下”可译作under the supervision of…或under one’s supervision或supervised by…。
我们将积极参加2012年伦敦奥运会,进一步弘扬奥林匹克精神、增进各国人民之间的友谊。
“弘扬”可译作carry forward,如“弘扬民族文化”可译作carry forward the national cultural heritage。
(参考答案)
Today, the great significance of sport activities is being increasingly recognized by the general public. Through sport activities, countries of the world enhance the dialogue and exchanges and promote steady economic, cultural and social progress.
Sport activities not only build our physique, but also help us learn to communicate and cooperate (with others). As such, sport is an important medium for strengthening the ties among different countries.
The Chinese people love peace and long for prosperity and will surely take an active part in and support all kinds of international sport activities under the guidance of the Olympic spirit.
Moreover, we will actively join in the 2012 Olympics in London so as to carry forward the Olympic spirit and enhance the friendship among peoples of the world.