第三部分
12、“工作”、”现象”、“形势”
　　大多数美国人，尤其是少数民族，都确信美国经济制度中存在着不公正现象。
　　Most people in America, minority people in particular, are convinced that injustices exist in
　　their economic system.
　　最高级会议的准备工作继续进行。
　　Preparations for the summit meeting continued.
　　促进全国的创新工作 promote innovation on a national scale
　　世界形势继续发生深刻变化。
　　The world is further witnessing deep changes.
13、“充分发挥 / 发扬”
　　充分发挥积极性→ give full play to one’s initiative
　　bring one’s initiative into full play
　　我们应当充分发扬自力更生的精神。
　　We should give full play to the spirit of self-reliance.
　　科研机构转制为企业后，将建立现代企业制度，适应市场需要，从而充分发挥其研究、开发和创新的优势。
　　Scientific research institutions, when transformed into enterprises, shall establish the
　　modern enterprise system and orient / gear themselves geared to the needs of the market,
　　giving full play to their strength in research, development and innovation.
14、“有利于…”beneficial / conducive / advantageous / wholesome / favorable / helpful
　　中国将扶持有利于高新技术发展的资本市场。
　　China will help foster capital markets conducive to the development of high-tech industries.
15、“携手” hand in hand / join hands / work jointly / make a concerted effort
　　中国的科技部门将与国际科技界和全球经济界、商界携手共建新世界的创业平台。
　　China’s science and technology sector will work in partnership with the international community of science and technology as well as the economic and business circles of the world to build up a platform for innovation in the new century.
16、“关键” key / decisive factor / hinge / crux
　　关键的一年→crucial year
　　关键人物→person of importance
　　到关键时刻→when it comes to the crunch
　　起关键作用→play a pivotal role
　　The crux of the matter is that attitudes have changed.
　　问题的关键是人们的态度改变了。
　　Now we come to the crux of the problem.
　　现在我们来谈问题的症结所在。
　　双方的谈判已到了关键时期。
　　The negotiations between the two sides are approaching the crisis.
17、“在…层面 / 方面 / 问题 / 战线上” on + side/front/level/plane
　　在内部方面→on the internal side
　　在外交战线→on the diplomatic front
　　在意识形态战线→on the ideological front
　　在高层领导层面→on the top leadership level
　　在有利方面→on the plus side
　　在不利方面→on the minus side
　　在精神层面→on the spiritual plane
　　在物质层面→on the material plane
第四部分
18、“由于…”
　　thanks to / by virtue of（褒义）
　　because of / owing to / due to / on account of（中性）
　　in consequence of（贬义）
　　由于缺乏沟通而产生的问题→problems arising out of the lack of communication
　　由于时间晚了，我现在要回家了。
　　Since it is late, I shall go home now.
19、“流传”
　　谣言在街上流传。
　　Rumor circulated through the town.
　　有关他辞职的消息传得很快。
　　Word spread quickly about his resignation.
　　在中国，也流传着这样的话……
　　a century-old popular saying 或 a long-held popular view / opinion
20、“具有”
　　具有悠久的历史→with a long history
　　具有高度的责任心→possess a high sense of responsibility
　　具有深远的意义→have a profound historical significance
　　具有浓郁东方气息→possess a rich oriental flavor
　　具有丰富的资源和众多的人口→boast abundant resources and populations
　　具有法律义务承担责任→under the legal obligation to undertake the responsibility
21、“适应” adapt to / be accustomed to / fit in with
　　中国地毯业在保持中华民族传统特色的同时，还将在融汇东西方文化的精粹和适应国际流行色调上下功夫。
　　分析：这里的“适应”并不是指“中国地毯也怎样从不适应走向适应”，而是指“怎样跟上国际流行
　　色调”、“怎样与国际流行色调保持同步”，或者“怎么迎合国际流行色调的品味”，因此可
　　译为：
　　to keep up with international fashions in color and tone
　　to conform to international fashions in color and tone
　　to gear to internationally prevalent colors and tones
22、“精粹” / “精华” / “精髓”
　　古典文学精髓→quintessence / cream of classical literature
　　马克思主义精髓→pith and marrow of Marxism
　　概括文章的精华→sum up the gist of an article
　　取其精华，去其糟粕→select the essence and discard the gross
　　他们是这一代人中的精华→They are the cream / pick of this generation.
　　日月之精华→radiance of the sun and moon
　　文章必须短小而精粹→The article must be short and succinct.
　　融汇东西方文化的精粹→blending / merging the picks of Oriental and Occidental cultures