阅读理解
Unit 8 First Aid Reading: Dr ABC "I couldn't believe my eyes!
The car was upside down and the driver was bleeding and screaming.
One of the passengers was on the ground.It looked as if she were dead.
If I had known more about giving first aid,I could have helped them."
People who have witnessed an accident often wish that they had done things differently.
Seconds count in an emergency,
and knowing what to do can mean the difference between life and death.
The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.
If we were to panic,we would not be able to help.
By staying calm we will be able to think what to do and make better decisions.
We can also prepare for an emergency by learning more about first aid.
Calling an ambulance or the police is important, but there is more we can and should do.
If we know how to respond,we can save lives.
Many hospitals recommend that we use the letters DR ABC
to remember what to do when we have to think fast.
D stands for danger.
We should first of all make sure that the accident scene is no longer dangerous.
If we were to get hurt trying to save someone,
we would not be able to help.R is for response.
We can do a lot of good by simply asking "Are you all right?".
If the person can answer, we know that he or she is conscious and can breathe.
The question will also calm the person,
letting him or her know that help is on the way.
A is for airway.
We must make sure that a person's airway is open and it is easy to breathe.
This can be done by gently tipping the person's head back slightly.
B is for breathing.
We should check that the person can breathe.
Is his or her chest moving?
If the person is not breathing,
we must try to start his or her breathing at once,
using the mouth-to-mouth method.
If this is not done within five minutes,the person will die.
If a person is breathing but not conscious,
it is usually best for him or her not to be moved.
C is for circulation.
Is the person's blood circulating?
We can look for colour coughing,and eye movement.
We can also check a person's pulse by putting a finger on the person's neck or wrist.
If a person is bleeding, we should cover the wound with a clean piece of cloth
and press on the wound to stop the bleeding.
When we have checked the DR ABC, we should give the first aid that is needed and call an ambulance.
We should never try to revive a person unless we know how to do it.
We may make things worse.
Many hospitals and schools offer training classes for people who are interested in learning first aid.
When we have given first aid,we should put the person in the recovery position.
This is a way of placing a body so that the airway is clear and it is easy to breathe.
Here is how it is done:
1 Roll the person onto one side.Keep the legs straight.
2 Place the hand of the person's upper arm under his or her chin.
3.Bend the person's leg so that he or she will not roll over.
We should stay with the person and wait for the ambulance.
We can cover the person with a blanket or a jacket to help him or her stay warm.
Unit 8 Integrating skills Reading DEALING WITH COMMON INJURIES
Accidents happen. We do our best to be careful and prevent bad things from happening,
but most of us will eventually find ourselves in a situation
where we or someone else needs help.
Everyone should know what to do if an accident were to happen
Learning about first aid is the best way to make sure that we will not have to feel that we could have done more.
Here is some advice for dealing with common injuries:Animal bites.
If you are bitten by an animal,wash the wound with cold running water.
Then see a doctor as soon as possible.
Burns.Cool the area of skin at once.
Wash the area of skin under the cold tap for several minutes.
Cover the wound with a loose bandage or a piece of dry clean cloth.
See a doctor if a child has been burnt or if more than ten percent of the body has been burnt.
Cuts.For a simple cut,it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut,
dry it and cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth.
If a person is bleeding badly,you must try to stop the bleeding,
if a person loses one third of his or her blood,he or she may die.
Press a handkerchief onto the bleeding point and hold it there.
Poisoning.If you think that someone may have been poisoned, you should do the following.
First,talk to the person to find out if he or she is conscious and breathing.
If the person isn't breathing,
clear the airway and try to get him or her to breathe.
If the person is conscious and breathing, try to get him or her to spit out any poison that may still be in the mouth.
Next, call for an ambulance.
Search the room for any pills or bottles that may contain the poison.
Send whatever you find to the hospital to help the doctor find out what kind of poison the person has swallowed.
综合技能
Work book Unit 8 Integrating skills
Reading FIRST AID RIGHT AND WRONG
Read the following descriptions of accidents and decide what the rescuers did wrong.
CAR ACCIDENT
We saw the car hit the truck.It flew into the air and landed on its side.
We stopped and ran straight to the car.
Petrol was coming from the car and a small fire was burning near the engine.
The driver was not moving and was bleeding from a cut on her face.
The passenger was screaming and held his leg.
Because the passenger was in so much pain, I hurried over to him and tried to lift him out of the car.
My friend was saying "Oh my god, oh my god,they're going to die!"
We managed to get the passenger out of the car and put him down on the road.
I put him comfortably on his back and looked at his leg.
It looked as if it were broken.
I took out my handkerchief and tied it very tightly around his leg.
Then we ran back to the car to look at the driver.She was not moving.
We got the door open and carried her to the man.
SKATING ACCIDENT
I was walking along the road next to the river when I saw a little girl fall through the ice.
She disappeared under the water for a moment and then came back up.
She screamed for help and waved her hands.
I jumped down on the ice and ran as fast as I could to where she was.
I tried to walk as close to her as possible and reach her.
She grabbed my hands and I tried to pull her out of the water.
HOTEL FIRE I was in my hotel room when I heard the fire alarm.
I grabbed my bags and kicked the door open.
I ran as fast as I could to the lift.
When I was almost there I remembered that I had left my camera in the room, so I hurried back to get it.
Suddenly there was smoke everywhere and I saw flames coming from two other rooms.
I went back into my room and opened the window so I could get some air.
Then I ran towards the stairs, carrying my bags and my camera.
The hotel was filled with smoke and I started coughing.
POISONING A man was lying on the floor
There was a bottle of pills next to him.
It must be drug poisoning,I thought.
I could not tell if he was alive,
so I immediately started blowing air into his mouth.
He coughed and I decided to make him throw up so that there would be no more poison in hisbody.
After he had thrown up a couple of times,I gave him some milk to drink.
He still looked sick and seemed very sleepy.
I left the room to call for help and when I got back he was asleep again.
I shook him hard a few times and he woke up.
I then cleaned up the room and threw away the bottle of pills.
I put him on his back so that he would be comfortable.
Then I went outside to wait for the ambulance.
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