阅读试题

Passage 17
Americans Eugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen and Robert Shiller won the Nobel Prize for economics on Monday for developing methods to study trends in stock, bond and housing markets. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said that through their research, the three had laid the _1_ of the current understanding of asset prices and changed the way people invest.
While it’s _2_ whether stock or bond prices will go up or down in the short term, it’s possible to foresee _3_ over periods of three years or longer, the academy said. “These findings, which might seem surprising and contradictory, were _4_ made and analyzed by this year’s prize winners,” the academy said.
Fama, 74, and Hansen, 60, are _5_ with the University of Chicago. Shiller, 67, is a professor at Yale University. Starting in the 1960s, Fama and others showed how difficult it is to predict individual stock prices in the short run. His findings _6_ the practice of investing, leading to the emergence of index funds. Two decades later, Shiller showed that there is more predictability in the long run in stock and bond markets, while Hansen developed a _7_ method to test theories of asset pricing. “These are three _8_ different kinds of people and the thing that unites them all is asset pricing," says David Warsh, who tracks academic economists on his Economic Principals blog.
The economics award is not a Nobel Prize in the same sense as the medicine, chemistry, physics, literature and peace prizes, which were _9_ by Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel in 1895. Sweden’s central bank added the economics prize in 1968 as a _10_ to Nobel.
A) unpredictable B) foundation C) supplementary D) utterly
E) fellowship F) movements G) illuminates H) memorial
I) inaugurated J) separately K) created L) statistical
M) associated N) cooperatively O) revolutionized

解题思路

Passage 17
解题思路
1.[B]空格在the和of之间，应为名词，且能与had laid搭配。名词库中foundation符合句意，指出三位经济学家的研究为当前资产价格的判断“奠定了基础”，同时改变人们投资方式。
2.[A]空格作句子表语，可为名词、分词或形容词。while提示前后分句语义存在转折，后一分句说“有可能预测”，可知前一分句应该说无法预测，故选用unpredictable。
3.[F]空格作foresee的宾语，应为名词。本句主要讲短期股价升跌无法预测，而在较长时期内可以预测。填入空格的词应能表达go up or down的意思，故选用movements“动向”。
4.[J]空格应填人副词，修饰动词made。由下文可知，这几位经济学家不存在合作关系，他们是独立做研究的，因此选 separately。
5.[M]空格前的are表明此处应填入名词、分词或形容词。本段开头两句介绍了获奖者的工作单位。associated符合句意，be associated with the University of Chicago 意为“来自芝加哥大学”。
6.[O]空格填入动词的一般过去时，作句子谓语。该句子是讲“他的研究……投资习惯，导致指数化证券投资基金出现”。revolutionized“使彻底变革；使完全不同”符合上下文语义,表明他对经济学的贡献。
7.[L]空格可能是名词、形容词或分词，用于修饰method。句中提到，Hansen研究出用以检验资产价格理论的方法。由此推测，这种方法应该具备实用性和可操作性。statistical符合句意，statistical method意为“统计学方法”。
8.[D]句子主系表语齐全,空格应为副词。根据句意“这是三位……不同的人，他们因资产定价走到了一起”，可推断空格处应表达获奖者在其他方面差异很大,utterly “完全”符合句意。
9.[K] were... by提示空格应填人动词的过去分词，构成被动语态。诺贝尔医学、化学、物理等奖项，是由诺贝尔“创立”的.created符合句意。
10.[H] a提示空格应为单数名词。该句子是讲“经济学奖在1968年由瑞典中央银行设立，用以……诺贝尔”，memorial“纪念物”符合上下文语义。