白易礼:大学英语四级考试语法笔记105
日期:2008-11-10 22:57

(单词翻译:单击)

  It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city.
  这个城市夏天经常下雨,冬天经常下雪。
  4.it指距离、情况等。一般用作无人称动词的主语。
  例如:
  It is five kilometers from my home to the school.
  从我家到学校有五公里。
  It is very near from this factory to that one.
  从这个工厂到那个工厂非常近。
  It is a long way to the sea. 离海很远。
  Is it well with you? 你身体好吗?
  二、it作形式主语
  动词不定式、动名词短语起、从句在句子中起主语作用,而这一部分用词较多时,可以用it作为形式主语,放在句首代表其后所说的事实上的、真正的主语,而把真正的主语放在后面。
  1.It +谓语+动词不定式。It 作形式主语,动词不定式作真正的主语。
  例如:
  It is difficult to climb a mountain. 爬山是很艰难的。
  It’s a good habit to do morning exercises. 作早操是个好习惯。
  It’s important to do proper memory work in the study of a foreign language. 在学习外语时适当地做一些有助于记忆的练习是很重要的。
  It is right to do so. 这样做是对的。
  2.It+谓语+动名词短语。It 作形式主语,动名词短语作真正的主语。
  例如:
  It is dangerous playing with fire. 玩火是危险的。
  It is no use learning without thinking. 学而不思则罔。
  It’s useless arguing with a silly boy. 和笨孩子争论是没有用的。
  3.It +谓语+名词性从句。It 作形式主语,以that 引导的名词性从句是真正的主语。
  例如:
  It is a pity that you didn’t see such a good film.
  你没看这么好的电影,真可惜。
  It is certain that we shall succeed. 我们一定会成功。
  It is strange that nobody knows where he lives.
  真奇怪,谁也不知道他住在哪里。
  (It is strange that…后面可用虚拟语气。
  如:It is strange that he should have made such a mistake.
  他居然犯了这样一个错误,真奇怪。
  It is strange that nobody should know where he lives.
  居然没有人知道他住在哪里,真奇怪。)
  It is said that the plane will take off at ten tomorrow morning.
  据说飞机明天上午十点起飞。
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重点单词
  • pityn. 同情,怜悯,遗憾,可惜 v. 同情,怜悯
  • planeadj. 平的,与飞机有关的 n. 飞机,水平,水准,刨
  • certainadj. 确定的,必然的,特定的 pron. 某几个,某