Smoke and heat are making it unhealthy to breathe in parts of the U.S.

在美国部分地区，烟雾和高温使得呼吸变得危险)l8b%x7tTtAd.xy]VDe。

Yeah, the heat wave in the Southwest has spread. Parts of the Midwest and East Coast are getting smoke from Canada's wildfires.

是的，美国西南地区的热浪已经蔓延开来9nA+&!WZN9PCtXNeaUH。中西部和东海岸部分地区受到加拿大野火的影响4,;4vv-8)9;;wy]igO。

And NPR health correspondent Allison Aubrey is joining us this morning to discuss just how unhealthy this all is. Good morning.

今早，NPR健康记者艾莉森·奥布里将加入我们，讨论这一切有多大危害#WNl6q(kBJ@lM~jQbPLi。早上好UgC7Otp%;nNT[(Z。

Good morning.

早上好X1Rn@+)IcGU!。

OK, so we've seen images from Chicago and Detroit, now smoke again in New York and in the D.C. area. How bad is this for people's health?

好，我们已经看到了芝加哥和底特律的图片，现在纽约和华盛顿地区又开始烟雾缭绕了_m!9Y*X9cI。这对人们的健康有多大负面影响？

Sure. Well, in the Chicago area, the air quality index is hovering above 200, which is very unhealthy. In Washington, D.C., right now, it's about 165 - also unhealthy.

是的zb~q1GHYGf。嗯，在芝加哥地区，空气质量指数徘徊在200以上，非常不健康o9]*lxH4EA。在华盛顿特区，目前的指数为165——同样不健康lJ50mcm%jW|.3。

I spoke to Dr. Ravi Kalhan. He's a pulmonologist at Northwestern Medicine in Chicago.

我采访了拉维·卡尔汉医生FJV3YXq*Pe93VbHcB#VG。他是芝加哥西北医学院的肺病专家;Sf@__Y]-VxExzib~7~-。

He told me with the heavy smoke and haze, these tiny, minute particles from the forest fires can get into people's lungs, and this can trigger a flare-up for people with asthma or chronic lung disease.

他告诉我，随着浓烟雾扩散，这些森林大火产生的微小颗粒可以进入人们的肺部，这会引发哮喘患者或慢性肺病患者突发疾病#Qqr#!aEn5C。

And associations are pretty clear in the medical literature that if you inhale a bunch of particles - particulate matter - there's a systemic inflammatory reaction in the body that can actually do things like trigger heart attacks and strokes.

医学文献很清楚地描述了其中的联系，如果你吸入一堆微粒——微粒物质——身体就会产生系统性炎症反应，这实际上会引发心脏病和中风kk(c,~7UeK9N#ju).p5#。

He says susceptible adults should limit outdoor exposure, consider masking when going out and invest in high-quality filters or air purifiers for their homes.

他表示，易受影响的成年人应该限制户外接触，出门时考虑佩戴口罩，购入优质家庭过滤器或空气净化器uaYcljApVxJ=mV-3@Pht。

Bottom line - he tells his patients to limit outdoor activity when air quality index hits a hundred.

底线是，当空气质量指数达到100时，他提醒病人要限制户外活动%c|e3|E8ZzB[eOby5。

And right now, in many places, from Chicago to D.C., it's much higher than that.

而现在，在许多地方，从芝加哥到华盛顿特区，空气质量指数要高得多0B26YX.!FO,)s@3。

You can check out the air quality in your own town at the website airnow.gov.

你可以在airnow.gov网站上查看你所在城镇的空气质量;5lBb2]N_7h5E。

OK. So what about people who don't have asthma or chronic lung disease, generally healthy people?

好FOYHTCkTj~nhQ。那对于那些没有患哮喘病或慢性肺病的人，那些普遍健康的人呢?

Is the smoke and heat a concern for people who don't have any of these conditions?

对于没有这些症状的人来说，烟雾和高温是一个问题吗?

Well, short-term exposure to the particulates from the forest fires is manageable, doctors tell me.

医生告诉我，短期接触森林大火产生的微粒是可控的1S=,XgA)isDayUe+;。

And air quality is supposed to start improving tomorrow in many parts of the country.

预计明天全美许多地区的空气质量将开始改善HVigeD)xjdP[%PIZO。

But Dr. Kalhan says when the air quality index is at 200, it's the equivalent of smoking about a half pack of cigarettes.

但卡尔汉医生表示，当空气质量指数为200时，肺部相当于抽了半包烟|5bewOp^pEYm。

And that's not likely to harm someone one time. But what if these exposures keep coming and coming, he asks.

一次不太可能对人的健康有影响m,xDc[tJaGe1。但他问道，如果不断接触这些物质会怎么样呢?

If the frequency of those days increase or if the exposure occurs when the person is younger, spends more time outdoors, then it probably has more long-term impacts on health and creates, you know, a true public health problem that we need to understand.

如果这些日子的接触频率增加，如果花更多时间在户外的年轻人接触到这些物质，那么，这可能会对健康产生更长期的影响，产生一个我们需要去了解的真正的公共卫生问题%I7y%3D=h)KHV。

He's actually starting a big national study to examine how smoke and other environmental factors can impact millennials' lung health.

实际上，他正在启动一项全国性的大型研究，研究烟雾和其他环境因素如何影响千禧一代的肺部健康2zbhV0OflFI^Q51Qv%f。