(单词翻译:单击)
Hello! This week on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Paul in the Czech Republic.
大家好! 本周《名师答疑》，我们回答来自捷克共和国的保罗的一个问题。
Could you tell me the difference between the words aim, target, objective and goal?
你能告诉我aim、target、objective和goal之间的区别吗？
When should I use each one?
什么时候用哪一个呢？
Dear Paul, thank you for writing to us.
亲爱的保罗，谢谢你的来信。
These words are similar.
这几个词很相似。
As nouns they all mean something you are trying to do or make happen.
作为名词，它们都表示你试图做的事情或使之发生的事情。
But we often use two of them to describe an object we can touch.
但我们经常用其中两个词来描述可以触摸到的物体。
Both "target" and "goal" can be used in sports.
target和goal都可以用于体育运动。
In soccer, players try to get a ball into the other side's goal, an area at the end of the playing field marked by a net.
在足球比赛中，球员们试图将球踢进对方的球门，这是比赛场地另一头用网标记的区域。
We say a player "scored a goal," as in this example:
我们说球员“进了一个球”，就像下面这个例句：
Abby Wambach broke the women's soccer record by scoring 184 goals.
阿比·瓦姆巴赫以184个进球打破了女子足球纪录。
In the sport of archery, you try to make an arrow hit a "target."
在射箭运动中，你试着让一支箭击中“靶子”。
We use the word this way to describe archery: To get a high score, your arrow has to hit close to the center of the target.
我们用这个词来描述射箭运动：要获得高分，你的箭必须击中离靶心近的地方。
When we use "target" to talk about what we want to do in the near term, it is often an exact number, as in this example:
当我们用target来谈论近期想做的事情时，它通常是一个确切的数字，就像下面这个例句：
Our sales target for the coming month is $1000 a day.
我们下个月的销售目标是每天1000美元。
Compare that with the use of "goal" to talk about a more general thing you want to make happen further in the future, as in:
相比之下，goal用来谈论你想在更远的未来实现的更宽泛的事情，比如：
It is her goal to become the president of the company.
成为公司总裁是她的目标。
We use those two words as well as "objective" and "aim" to talk about our purposes.
我们用这两个词以及objective和aim来谈论我们的目的。
Often people decide on their "objectives" as a group or organization.
通常，人们作为一个团体或组织来确定他们的“目标”。
For example: The Senator said, "Our objective today is to pass this bill."
例如：参议员说：“我们今天的目标是通过这项法案。”
Finally, we can use "aim" as a verb meaning to direct effort toward a goal in this way:
最后，我们可以把aim用作动词，意思是把努力引向一个目标：
I aim to plant ten trees today.
我的目标是今天种十棵树。
And that's Ask a Teacher. I'm Jill Robbins.
以上就是本期《名师答疑》，吉尔·罗宾斯为您播报。
