Today on Ask a Teacher, we answer a question from Yehia in Yemen.

今天的《名师答疑》栏目，我们将回答来自也门Yehia的提问YgAeiJCqyL^。

He writes:

他写道：

"Could you explain what are the differences between ‘Hi,' ‘Dear sir,' ‘Hello,' ‘Greetings' and other greetings? Thank you!!" - Yehia, Yemen

“您能解释一下‘Hi,’ ‘Dear sir,’ ‘Hello,’ ‘Greetings’和其他问候语之间的区别吗？非常感谢！！”

Dear Yehia,

尊敬的叶海亚：

To answer your question, I need more information.

要回答你的提问，我需要更多的信息,v9+9#-n^az-PaXzXk。

Are you writing a business letter or an email?

你是要在写商务信函还是普通的电子邮件？

Also, how well do you know the person you are writing to?

另外，你和收信人的熟悉程度是怎样的？

Let us look at a few possible situations.

让我们来考虑一些可能的情况BB4QUM012U^~Th)M。

When writing to someone you do not know, you usually begin a letter with "Dear" and the title of the person and their surname, or family name.

英语中，给陌生人写信，通常在信的开头写上“Dear”，加这个人的头衔以及他的姓SGNER4ymdcW[w。

Imagine you are writing a letter to congratulate Cori Gauff, the young woman who defeated Venus Williams at Wimbeldon on Monday.

想象一下，你正在给科里·高夫写一封祝贺信，高夫这位年轻女子周一在温布尔登打败维纳斯·威廉姆斯s(s,I=9I|#uXC。

If you did not know the American teenager, you would start the letter this way:

如果你不认识这位美国少年，你可以这样在信的开头这样写：

Dear Ms. Gauff:

尊敬的高夫女士：

I am writing to congratulate you on your amazing victory at Wimbeldon.

我写信是想祝贺你在温布尔登取得的惊人胜利M5_lKFZiJeEWqhNX。

You may have seen business letters that start with "Dear Sir" or "Dear Sir or Madam."

你可能看到过商业信函的开头是“Dear Sir” （“尊敬的先生”）或“Dear Sir or Madam”（“尊敬的先生或夫人”）=L)-a%3S!^4EnP8。

But those words are used when you do not know the name of the person who will receive the letter.

但那些表达是在你不知道收信人的名字时用的Hs+49bMmQpN*_。

It is always better to begin with the name of the person you are writing to.

最好还是以收信人的名字开头u(_j#44&V%RZp。

Use the term Ms. for females and Mr. for males before the surname.

在提到姓氏前，女性用“Ms.”（“女士”），男性用或“Mr.”（“先生”）uwo_Zh|*sJa,)X&!5gQ;。

If you do not know whether the person is a male or female, you can use their full name: Dear Cori Gauff:

如果你确定收信人的性别，你可以写他们的全名：尊敬的科里·高夫：

Punctuation is a little different: in business letters, you should use a colon after the greeting.

标点符号在不同的情境中的使用也稍有不同：在商务信函中，问候语后应使用冒号z1DlWo+BN)&1dZ。在私人信件中，在问候语后加上逗号vWNXlXWbBJ+FZJDf.D。

In a personal letter, add a comma after the greeting.

现在，假设你是科里·高夫的家族朋友kg;eSL5FLikrN|=qi。

Now, imagine you are a family friend of Cori Gauff. In that case, you can begin your letter less formally and use her given name:

在这种情况下，信的开头可以不那么正式，称呼她的名字即可：

Dear Cori,

亲爱的科里：

I was so happy to see you on television Monday. You were awesome!

我星期一在电视上见到你，简直太开心了4taMmQs&0H^Nh7#el。你太棒了！

You might even use the tennis player's nickname, which is Coco:

你甚至可以称呼这位网球运动员的昵称，也就是可可：

Dear Coco,

亲爱的可可，

In emails and text messages, it is also common to see the greeting "Hi" or "Hello."

在电子邮件和短信中，经常会看到“Hi” 或 “Hello”等问候语Zp;rHhTaePBxoF!。

These are fine if you know the person well and have been in contact with them recently.

如果你和对方很熟悉，并且最近和他们有联系，这些表达没有问题855z]d;W!e#Lt5。

The word "greetings" sounds like the opening of a form letter, or a mass mailing, so you should not use it in a letter to just one person.

单词“greetings”听起来像是封格式信件或者是群发邮件的开头，因此不要在给单个人的信件中这样使用0t1B]ia3xZ。

To close a business letter, you can use "Sincerely," followed by your name.

在商业信函的结尾，可以使用“Sincerely,”后跟写信人的姓名^5,MC7RHGIVElCT。

Use your full name for someone you do not know, and your given name for someone you do know.

给陌生人的信中要写你的全名，给认识的人写信可以直接写你的名字4307cD8Nvp。

To close a friendly letter, you can use "Yours," or "Best Wishes," followed by your given name.

在信的结尾，为以示友好，可以写“Yours,”或者 “Best Wishes,”后面跟着你的名字xWD[HH)a1=@HCri|NV。

And that's Ask a Teacher!

以上就是本期名师答疑的全部内容SYS!^%l_xQhb4-O-。

I'm Alice Bryant. And I'm Jill Robbins.

我是爱丽丝·布莱恩特c#NcZvUhX+dqO#,。我是吉尔·罗宾斯B~dl26SSn#Vhy。