(单词翻译:单击)
French law is clear about what can be confiscated.
法国法律明确规定可以没收哪些物品。
The state can freeze an individual’s property, objects, or money in the bank whether they have a direct or indirect link to the crime.
国家可以冻结个人财产、物品或银行存款，无论他们与犯罪有直接还是间接联系。
Little consideration is given to the type of object seized – or its personal value or importance – as long as it equals the amount owed to the state.
几乎不会考虑没收物品的种类——也不会考虑物品对个人的价值或重要性——只要它与欠国家的金额相当。
“If we know a criminal stole 1 million pounds, the law shows that the judge can take 1 million pounds worth of his stuff,” says Mr. de Laguiche.
“如果我们得知一个罪犯偷了100万磅，该法律指出法官可以拿走罪犯价值100万磅的东西，”德·拉基切说。
“Even if his house has no relationship with the crime, it can be seized.”
“即使房子与犯罪没有关系，也可以被没收。”
Although the judge decides what is confiscated, it is not a decision taken lightly.
虽然由法官裁决没收什么，但这不是一个轻松的决定。
Judges scrupulously assess a criminal’s personal wealth, economic status, and proofs of purchase before seizing belongings.
法官在查获财物前，会仔细评估罪犯的个人财产、经济状况和购买凭证。
“An individual who lives in a small apartment with three children is completely different from a Russian oligarch,” says Mr. Rebut.
“一个带着三个孩子住在狭小公寓里的人与俄罗斯寡头的处境完全不同，”雷巴特说。
“The confiscation must be proportionate to the crime. Where the moral question arises is if an item has a particular air of family heritage. Can the state confiscate it?
“没收的财物必须与罪行相称。道德问题出现的地方是，一件物品是否有属于家族遗产的感觉。国家可以没收吗?
So far, we haven’t had this scenario. But it leaves the door open for more discussion.”
到目前为止，我们还没有遇到这种情况。但这为更多的讨论敞开了大门。”
So far, four pieces of property have been donated to charity under the 2021 law, with a fifth in the works.
到目前为止，根据2021年的法律，四件财产已捐赠给慈善机构，第五件正在筹备中。
In addition to the villa in Guadeloupe, a home worth 500,000 pounds in Marseilles that once belonged to a drug trafficking couple is now a housing facility for victims of domestic violence.
除了瓜德罗普岛的别墅外，马赛还有一处价值50万磅的住宅，这座住宅曾属于一对贩毒夫妇，现在则成为家庭暴力受害者的住房设施。
In Dunkirk, in the north of France, a squat illegally rented out for high prices has been taken over to provide affordable housing.
在法国北部的敦刻尔克，一处非法高价出租的棚屋已被接管，用于提供经济适用房。
And an apartment in the south of France has been converted into accommodation for Ukrainian refugees.
法国南部的一间公寓已被改造成乌克兰难民的住所。
While nonprofits have sung the new law’s praises, some say there is room for improvement.
虽然非营利组织对新法赞不绝口，但也有人认为还有改进的余地。
Unlike in Italy, which enacted a similar law in 1996, the French version does not currently require seized property to be donated to charity – that remains up to the courts.
与意大利在1996年颁布的类似法律不同，法国法律目前并不要求没收财产必须捐赠给慈善机构——这取决于法院的裁决。
And only a handful of large nonprofits have thus far benefited from the repurposed real estate.
到目前为止，只有少数大型非营利组织从重新调整用途的房地产中受益。
“We want city halls and regional councils to be involved in the decision-making process, because they’re the ones who can then direct the state toward the appropriate charity,” says Fabrice Rizzoli, the president of Crim’Halt, a Paris-based nonprofit that tackles crime and corruption, and fought for 10 years to get the current law passed.
“我们希望市政厅与地区议会参与到决策过程中来，因为他们可以将国家引向合适的慈善机构，”总部位于巴黎的非营利组织Crim 'Halt的主席法布里斯·里佐利说。该组织致力于打击犯罪与腐败，并为使现行法律获得通过而奋斗了10年。
“We see that confiscation works really well [to recuperate money earned by criminal means] and we should be doing more to support social ventures.”
“我们看到，没收(在收回通过犯罪手段赚取的钱财方面)效果非常好，我们应该做更多的工作来支持社会事业。”
