(单词翻译:单击)
I have okra on my stationary.
我的文具上有秋葵。
I love the irony of okra.
我喜欢秋葵的讽刺意味。
Botanically, okra is related to cotton.
从植物学上讲，秋葵与棉花有亲缘关系。
It also turns up in so many classic African-American dishes.
它还出现在许多经典的非裔美国人菜肴中。
Not just in the United States, but around the hemisphere.
不仅在美国，在北半球都是如此。
I have a pretty high tolerance for what I like to refer to as not slime, but the mucilaginous properties of the pod.
我不喜欢把秋葵里面的物质叫做粘液，而是把它叫做豆荚的粘性——我对它非常包容。
When I lecture about okra or talk about okra, I always look around the room for what I call the okra face.
我讲授关于秋葵的知识或谈论秋葵时，总是会环顾房间，寻找我所谓的“秋葵脸”。
Which is...
就像这样……
There are many things that can be done to get rid of the slime, if you will.
如果你想的话，有很多去除粘液的方法。
But you know my whole thing is, don't fight it.
但要我说，我不会抗拒粘液。
One of the things that's great about okra and one of the reasons it's used in all of those gumbos is because it is a thickener.
秋葵的伟大之处，以及它被用于所有秋葵汤的一个原因，是它可以用作增稠剂。
When I was at Essence, all of those eons ago, traveling in West Africa, tasting dishes like soupou kandia.
好多年前我在《精华杂志》工作的时候，去西非旅行，品尝到了名为Soupou Kandia的菜肴。
An okra stew, from the Casamance region of Senegal.
这是一种秋葵炖肉，来自塞内加尔的卡萨芒斯地区。
It is a gumbo ancestor.
它是秋葵汤的前身。
In Benin, a country that used to be known as Dahomey, they have something called sauce feuille.
在贝宁，一个曾经被称为达荷美的国家，有一种被称作sauce feuille的食物。
Leaf sauce.
也就是叶子酱。
It's a green gumbo, it is in fact very much like the green gumbo that chef Leah Chase used to serve every Holy Thursday in New Orleans.
这是一种绿色秋葵汤，事实上，它非常像厨师利亚·蔡斯在新奥尔良每个圣周四都会供应的绿色秋葵汤。
You come up through the Carribbean, you get callaloo, made with different leaves that are called callaloo, but are invariably soups that are leafy green with the shellfish or the fish that's around.
穿过加勒比海，就能尝到Callaloo，它是由不同的名为callaloo的叶子制成的绿叶汤，但还是一样会加入贝类或当地的鱼。
You know, my tastebuds would start slapping me around, and going, "you know this.
这时我的味蕾会开始敲打我，说：“你知道这个。
You've tasted this.
你吃过这个。
Where did you taste this?"
你在哪吃的这个？”
Put the dots together.
把这些点放在一起。
Start connecting the dots.
串连起来。
So you find that, in some ways, we are bound by our mucilaginous okra.
所以你会发现，在某种程度上，我们被粘稠的秋葵粘在一起。
And I kind of like that.
我还挺喜欢这样的。
Even with some familiar foods at their disposal, enslaved Africans in the Americas still had to get creative when recreating the dishes and flavor profiles of their home countries.
即使有一些熟悉的食材可以使用，被奴役的非洲人在重现本国的菜肴和风味时还是要有所创新。
Leafy greens like collard greens became stand-ins for the African bitter leaf.
例如用羽衣甘蓝这种绿叶菜代替非洲苦叶。
And let's talk about yams.
然后让我们来谈谈山药。
Or, let's talk about sweet potatoes.
或者，让我们来谈谈红薯。
Or... sweet yams?
或者……甜山药？
What is the difference...?
这到底有什么区别……？
You know what, it's actually kind of complicated let's just roll the graphics.
你知道，这实际上有点复杂，让我们来滚动一下图表。
There are a couple different species of yams.
世界上存在几种不同种类的山药。
The ones that originated in Africa have a tough, bark-like exterior.
那些起源于非洲的山药外层坚韧，像树皮一样。
They're actually related to lilies and grasses.
它们实际上与百合和草有亲缘关系。
Sweet potatoes, on the other hand, originated in the Americas.
另一方面，红薯起源于美洲。
They're usually either orange or yellow on the inside with a softer skin and a sweeter, creamier interior than yams.
它们的内部通常呈橙色或黄色，外皮更柔软，内部比山药更甜，口感更顺滑。
The word yam, by the way, likely came from a West African language, where words that sound like "yam" often mean "to eat".
顺便说一句，“山药”这个词很可能来源于西非的一种语言，在西非地区，“吃”一词的读音和“山药”十分相似。
It's tough to track exactly, because there's significant overlap between different West African languages.
但它的准确来源很难确定，因为不同的西非语言之间存在很大的重叠。
In Fulani, for example, it's nyami, while the Wolof word for "to sample" or "taste" is nyam.
例如，在富拉尼语中，“吃”一词是nyami，而沃洛夫语中“品尝”一词是nyam。
The two crops are easy to tell apart, but when enslaved Africans saw sweet potatoes, a starchy root vegetable, they evidently felt it was close enough.
山药和红薯这两种作物很容易区分，但当被奴役的非洲人看到红薯这种含淀粉的根茎蔬菜时，他们显然觉得红薯和山药已经很相近了，可以用来做菜。
They called it by the same name as the plant they were familiar with from home, and today yam is still widely used interchangeably with sweet potato in the United States.
他们给红薯起了和家乡的植物“山药”一样的名字，在今天，美国很多人仍然把山药和红薯两个词混用。
