(单词翻译:单击)
When the government announced it would no longer renew ZEPs, the move was held up by political leaders as proof that they were doing something about South Africa’s rising unemployment and overstrained public services in the shadow of two years of a global pandemic.
当政府宣布不再续签“津巴布韦豁免许可证”时，政治领导人认为此举证明他们正在为南非不断上升的失业率和两年来全球疫情阴影下过度紧张的公共服务做些什么。
It came as an anti-immigrant vigilante movement called Operation Dudula – Zulu for “to beat back” – has organized sometimes-violent mass rallies around the country to intimidate immigrants.
这是因为一个名为 "杜杜拉行动 "的反移民民团运动--祖鲁语意为 "击退"--已经在全国各地组织了有时可以说是暴力的大规模集会，以恐吓移民。
For many Zimbabweans, making a new life in South Africa has been a halting, fraught process.
对许多津巴布韦人来说，在南非开始新生活是一个磕磕碰碰、充满荆棘的过程。
Waves of xenophobic violence have swept the country several times in the past decade, targeting working-class foreigners and their businesses.
在过去的十年里，仇外暴力浪潮曾多次席卷这个国家，针对的是工薪阶层的外国人和他们的企业。
Most recently, in 2021, many foreign-owned businesses were looted during widespread riots triggered by the arrest of former President Jacob Zuma on corruption charges, an issue entirely unrelated to immigration.
最近的一次是在2021年，前总统雅各布·祖马因腐败指控被捕引发了大范围的骚乱，许多外资企业被洗劫一空，这个问题与移民完全无关。
Terminating the ZEP “is an easy way to score points with voters,” says Loren Landau, a senior researcher at the African Centre for Migration and Society at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg.
约翰内斯堡威特沃特斯兰德大学非洲移民和社会中心的高级研究员洛伦·兰道表示，终止“津巴布韦豁免许可证” “是赢得选民支持的一种简单方式”。
“It’s a populist move.”
“这是民粹主义的举措。”
Ironically, the ZEP has its origins in neighborly solidarity.
讽刺的是，“津巴布韦豁免许可证” 起源于睦邻团结。
When an economic crisis ricocheted across Zimbabwe in the early 2000s and its agricultural economy collapsed, the government there began furiously printing more money.
21世纪初，一场经济危机席卷津巴布韦，农业经济崩溃，津巴布韦政府开始疯狂印钞。
By November 2008, inflation hit 79.6 billion percent, and political repression from the party of President Robert Mugabe, which had ruled the country since 1980, was deepening.
到2008年11月，通货膨胀率达到百分之796亿，自1980年以来一直统治该国的罗伯特·穆加贝总统的政党的政治压迫也在加深。
The result was a mass exodus.
结果是大规模的人口外流。
Most of those migrants ended up in South Africa.
这些移民中的大多数最后都到了南非。
In response, the South African government created a permit called the Dispensation of Zimbabweans Project (DZP), which it called a “gesture of support and solidarity” with Zimbabwe – and which also relieved pressure on its own systems.
作为回应，南非政府设立了一个名为“津巴布韦人豁免计划”的许可证，并将其称为对津巴布韦的“支持和声援”，这也缓解了南非自身系统的压力。
South Africa’s government continued to replace the permit with similar visas until November 2021, noting that Zimbabwe remained in crisis and that Zimbabweans “have made notable contributions” to South African society.
南非政府在2021年11月之前继续用类似的签证替换许可证，并指出津巴布韦仍处于危机之中，津巴布韦人对南非社会“做出了显著的贡献”。
Farai Mukucha was one of the Zimbabweans who arrived during the more fortunate days.
法拉伊·穆库查是在比较幸运的日子里到达的津巴布韦人之一。
He left Zimbabwe in 2007, and during his first years in the country scraped together a series of informal jobs.
2007年，他离开了津巴布韦，在该国的头几年里，他拼着命干了一系列非正式工作。
In 2010, he applied for the DZP, which allowed him to work formally for the first time as an electrician.
2010年，他申请了“津巴布韦人豁免计划”，这让他第一次正式成为一名电工。
He now runs his own business, and two of his three children were born in South Africa.
他现在经营着自己的生意，三个孩子中有两个出生在南非。
