I’m going to start today with a question.

首先，我向大家提出个问题。

In other contexts, perhaps, a risky question, not one you would expect from somebody in my position in a talk about climate change.

在其他情况下，或许是个冒险的问题，而不是像我这样的人在谈论气候变化时提出的问题。

But it's important. Does size matter?

但这真的很重要。大小重要吗？

My answer, perhaps also unexpected, is that no, it really, really doesn't.

我的答案，或许也出乎意料，不是，它是真的，还是真的没有。

And Scotland — Scotland is proving that.

苏格兰—— 苏格兰就是最好的证明。

About a mile from here, in the National Museum of Scotland, you will find on display a steam engine designed by the great engineer James Watt.

在距离苏格兰国家博物馆大约1公里的地方，你会看到一个蒸汽机的展出，由伟大的工程师詹姆斯.瓦特设计。

A hundred miles from here, just off the coast of Aberdeen, is the world's biggest floating wind farm.

离这里一百英里，就在阿伯丁海岸附近，是世界上最大的漂浮风力发电场。

And then just a bit further north from there, in the Pentland Firth, we find the biggest wave power turbine being tested.

再往北一点，在彭特兰湾，我们发现正在测试最大的波浪发电涡轮机，这些都是技术和工程的非凡成就。

These are all extraordinary feats of technology and engineering, but they also demonstrate how Scotland, a relatively small country, led the world into the Industrial Age and is now helping to power the world into the Net-Zero Age.

但他们也展示了苏格兰这个相对较小的国家，曾引领世界进入工业时代，现在正推动世界进入“净零脱碳时代”。

And there's a lesson for us in that.

这给我们上了一课。

When we talk about tackling climate change, we so often talk about the contributions of America, Russia, China, Brazil, and that's important.

当我们谈到应对气候变化时，经常提及的是美国、俄罗斯、中国和巴西所做的贡献，当然那很重要。

We won't limit global warming without these countries, but we also have to recognize that the ambition, the leadership and the action of small countries matters too.

若没有这些国家，并不能解决全球变暖的问题，但我们同时也不得不承认小国的雄心壮志、领导力和行动也同样重要。

Small countries have no time for small objectives, and I really agree with that.

小国没有时间追求小目标，我对这个观点非常赞同。

And we see examples of the leadership that small countries show everywhere we look.

我看到关于领导力的例子，到处都能看到小国尽在发挥。

Take Bhutan.

就以不丹为例。

One million people or thereabouts became the first in the world to commit to being carbon-neutral for all time.

这个有着近乎百万人的国家成为了世界上第一个致力实现碳中和的国家。

Since then, 130 countries of all sizes have followed suit.

从那以后，130个大小国家也尾随不丹的步伐。

Or Fiji. In 2017, it hosted the UN Climate Conference and did so much to highlight the existential threat that climate change poses to island nations.

或者斐济。在2017年，斐济举办了联合国气候会议，并做了很多事情来强调存在的威胁，气候变化对岛国构成了威胁。。

Now, a country like Scotland with a rich industrial past has a special responsibility.

现在，像苏格兰这样过去有着强大工业基础的国家也需要承担一定的责任。

We have disproportionately contributed to climate change, so we must do more now to help tackle climate change.

我们在不同程度上致使气候变化加剧，因此，我们必须付出更多去应对气候变化。

So in recent years, Scotland, this small country, has decarbonized faster than any G20 country.

在近些年来，这些小国家苏格兰，在碳减排方面，比二十国集团，任何一个国家都要好。

We have just become — We have just become the first nation in the world that is not an independent nation — yet — to publish — to publish an indicative, nationally defined contribution showing how we will meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement.

我们已成为——我们已成为世界上第一个国家——非独立的国家，然而发布——发表了一份国家定义的指示性贡献，展示我们将如何实现《巴黎协定》的目标。

So we've pledged to cut emissions by three quarters by 2030 and to be net zero by 2045.

所以我们承诺将在2030年之前减少四分之三的碳排放，并且在2045年实现零排放。

We're also seeking to galvanize change on the global stage.

同时，我们希望能在全球舞台上迎来更大的改变。

So we are currently the cochair of a coalition that brings together 200 states, regions, devolved countries like ours to demonstrate leadership in meeting the challenge of climate change.

近来，我们成为了联盟的联合主席，并将200个国家、地区和像我们这样的权力下放国家联合起来，并在应对气候变化的问题上发挥领导作用。

Now that coalition is not represented formally at UN summits, we are not signatories to the treaties that emerge from these summits.

尽管联盟在联合国峰会上没有正式代表，我们也不是这些联合国峰会协议的签署国。

But collectively, we represent two billion people across the world, and about half of the reduction in global emissions that we need to see will depend on the actions we take.

但总的来说，我们代表了全世界20亿的人类，并且我们会为了全球碳排放减半而作出努力。

They will depend on the legislation we pass, the infrastructure we build, the investments we fund.

这将取决于我们所采取的行动和通过的立法，也要靠所建立的基础设施和筹集得来的投资資金。

So my point today is that, yes, big countries matter, but the leadership of small nations matters too.

因此，我今天的观点是大国很重要，但小国的领导同样也重要。