(单词翻译:单击)
People are patient. People aren't judging you.
人们很有耐心。不会对你说三道四。
How do you get to speaking?
该如何学会一门语言呢？
We are all nervous of course when we start speaking. Of course, you haven't done it before.
当然了，刚开始说的时候我们都会紧张。毕竟你以前从来没说过嘛。
You don't know what you're going to be able to say.
你不知道自己能说什么。
To me I think there are a number of things that we can do.
我觉得有几件事是我们可以做的。
First of all don't start with grammar because if you have a grammar heavy type of learning process you're going to be forever thinking about grammar rules when you try to speak and that's very bad.
首先，不要从语法开始学，因为如果你语法负担太重，那你说话的时候永远想的都是语法规则，这很不好。
Because it's very difficult to speak and get your ideas out and at the same time try and refer back to your recollection of what the grammar rule was.
这会阻碍你自由表达心中所想，同时，试着回想一下语法规则是什么。
You have to develop habits naturally so I get back to this idea of listening and reading.
你得自然而然地养成语言习惯，所以我又回到了听读这两大板块上。
And in particular I find to sort of make it easier to get into speaking I have found our mini stories at LingQ, for example, these repetitive, these stories with a lot of repetition, they get me going.
我发现了一些让开口说变得容易一点的方法，我们在LingQ有一些故事，比如说，那些会大量重复的故事，它们让我有了张口说的能力。
We measure the number of words we know at LingQ so I used to wait.
在LingQ，我们会测量词汇量，所以我以前曾等待过。
With Russian, I think I went like nine months before I started speaking.
比如俄语，我张口说之前等了九个月。
Czech I went six months and I wanted until I had like 10,000 words.
捷克语我等了六个月，我想等到自己掌握一万词汇量之后再开始说。
But once we have the mini stories where I listen to stuff repetitively and it's high frequency verbs and I listened over and over again, I found that I was able to start speaking after 3,000 words.
但等我重复听那些小故事以后，里面有很多高度重复的动词，我一遍又一遍地听，我发现等自己掌握了3000词以后就可以开口说了。
Now when you start speaking you're going to struggle.
张口说以后，会经历一个挣扎期。
However, if you have invested in a lot of listening and reading you have a better chance of understanding what the person says and that's the absolute most important thing.
但是，如果你花了大量时间在听读上，你就更容易理解别人在说什么，这是最重要的一点。
If you don't understand what they're saying you can't have a conversation.
如果你听不懂别人在说什么，就无法进行对话。
If you understand what they're saying you feel more comfortable.
如果你能听懂别人在说什么，你会感觉更自在。
Now you can struggle to try and piece back an answer using the words that you are able to use.
现在你可以试着用自己已经掌握的那些词汇去回应别人了。
And if you continue doing that you'll get better and better at it.
如果你坚持下去，会越来越如鱼得水。
But in any case you should never worry about making mistakes.
但一定不要害怕犯错误。
Obviously if you're with a teacher or you're paying a tutor online you're paying them so making mistakes doesn't matter.
很明显，如果你是跟着老师学，或者是上网课，你给他们付钱了，所以犯错是没关系的。
But even if you're interacting with people for real, you're going into a store or something, people are patient.
但即便你是在现实生活中跟人交流，比如去个商店之类的，人们会很耐心。
People aren't judging you.
不会对你说三道四。
And the thing is that if you don't make mistakes you won't improve so you have to be prepared to make mistakes because you'll remember the mistakes, some of them.
重点是，如果你不犯错，就无法进步，所以一定要准备好犯错误，因为你总会记住一些错误。
You'll remember what you had trouble saying and then you'll notice that when you next listen and read.
你会记住你在说什么的时候不太会，那你下次听读的时候就会格外留意。
So you have to continue the listening and reading and then you go out there and it's like you play a game now you've been practicing.
所以一定要坚持听读，然后再去应用，就像玩游戏一样，现在你要去实践了。
You play a game, you made a few mistakes, you withdraw, go through your listening and reading again.
玩游戏，犯几个错误，回撤，再次修炼听和读。
You start to notice things and that's just the process of developing fluency in the language.
你会开始留意某些知识点，这就是把一门语言说流利的过程。
But you're not going to start off just fluent.
但你不可能一开始就说的很流利。
However, the more you invest in listening and reading initially before you start speaking in my opinion,
但是，在我看来，你开始张口说之前，在听和读上面下的功夫越多，
and even after you start speaking you have to continue investing in the listening and reading so that you can improve your level of familiarity with the language so that you develop good habits.
即便开始张口之后，也要继续在听和读上面下功夫，只有这样，才能熟悉这门语言，才能培养出良好的语言习惯。
And don't rely on remembering the grammar.
不要过度依赖于语法。
