(单词翻译:单击)
When Donald Trump made his entrance on the first night of the Republican National Convention,
特朗普在共和党全国代表大会首晚活动上亮相时，
he did it to this song — Queen's 1977 hit "We Are the Champions".
他是伴着这首音乐亮相的——皇后乐队1977年的热门单曲《我们是斗士》。
The band was quick to clarify that the use of the song was, "unauthorized."
但该乐队很快就澄清道，特朗普“未经授权”就使用了这首歌。
They're not the first to speak up against Trump using their music:
然而，皇后乐队并非第一个站出来反对特朗普使用自己的音乐的人：
in the past few months, Steven Tyler, Adele, Neil Young, and R.E.M. have all made it clear that they don't want their music being played at his events.
过去几个月，史蒂芬·泰勒、阿黛尔、尼尔·杨和R.E.M.都明确表示，不希望特朗普在活动中播放自己的音乐。
And it's far from the first time this argument has played out between candidates and artists.
皇后乐队反对特朗普使用自己的音乐也并非候选人和艺术家们之间第一次发生这种争论了。
Bruce Springsteen complained about the use of "Born in the USA" by Reagan in 1984,
布鲁斯·斯普林斯汀就抱怨过自己的《生于美国》先后被里根在1984年，
Bob Dole in 1996, and Pat Buchanan in 2000.
被鲍勃·多尔在1996年，被帕特·布坎南在2000年用过。
And in 2008, Sam Moore from Sam & Dave objected to Barack Obama using the song "Hold On, I'm Comin".
2008年，Sam&Dave乐队的山姆·摩尔也曾反对奥巴马使用《坚持住，我来了》这首歌。
Meanwhile John McCain got a whopping nine complaints from Van Halen, Heart, Jackson Browne,
约翰·麦凯恩则先后收到了来自范·海伦乐队、哈特乐队、杰克逊·布朗、
Bon Jovi, The Foo Fighters, John Mellencamp, John Mellencamp again, Tom Petty, and ABBA.
邦·乔维乐队、喷火战机乐队、约翰·麦文盖博、又是约翰·麦文盖博、汤姆·佩蒂和阿巴乐队的9份投诉。
"When the word gets over there to Stockholm that we're using ABBA's music,
“要是有消息传到斯德哥尔摩，说我们使用了阿巴乐队的音乐，
there's gonna be worsening of U.S.-Swedish relations."
美国和瑞典的关系怕是就要凉凉了。”
That was pretty funny, John.
挺幽默啊，约翰。
But how do those rights work?
问题是，这些版权是如何运作的呢？
Legally speaking, Trump would be required to get a legal license to use the music — but not necessarily from Queen directly.
从法律上讲，特朗普要使用这些音乐，就要申请有关的法律许可，但不一定要直接从皇后乐队那里申请。
The required permissions are available from a performing rights organization called Broadcast Music Inc.
所需的权限可以从名为“广播音乐联合会”的播放权组织那里申请。
Today, three Performing Rights Organizations have licenses for the vast majority of music published in the US.
当前，绝大多数在美国发行的音乐的播放许可都由三家播放权组织掌管着。
If you run a concert venue, or even a restaurant or bar that runs background music,
如果你经营着一个音乐会场地，或者哪怕是一个会播放背景音乐的餐馆或酒吧，
you can pay a flat fee to those organizations for the right to play just about any music you want.
无论你想播放什么音乐，你都得向这些组织支付一笔固定费用。
But BMI, which licenses "We Are the Champions," has slightly different rules for politicians.
但是BMI，《我们是斗士》这首歌的播放许可就是他们负责发放的，对政客们的规定略有不同。
They require campaigns to get something called a Political Entities License.
他们要求竞选活动要获取所谓的“政治实体许可证”。
That license allows campaigns to play music wherever they make public appearances.
有了这一许可证，竞选之人就能在他们公开露面的任何地方播放那些音乐了。
But there a clause in BMI's Political Entities License that allows any artist to ban their songs from being used by a certain politician, if they want to.
但BMI的这一许可证里还有一条：任何艺人都可以禁止某个政客使用自己的歌曲。
And that's exactly what Queen is doing right now with Trump. And Adele did the same thing this year —
皇后乐队当下针对特朗普的举动就是如此。阿黛尔今年也做了同样的事情——
the artists' representatives sent a notice to BMI that they want their songs pulled from Trump's available catalog,
这些艺术家的代表都向BMI发送了一份通知，希望将他们的歌移出特朗普的歌单，
and BMI notified Trump's campaign of the change.
BMI也将这一变化通知了特朗普的竞选团队。
After that, Trump's campaign is legally barred from using that music for any event.
在那之后，特朗普的竞选团队便被从法律角度禁止在任何场合使用那首《我们是斗士》了。
It's important to note that securing music for campaign ads is a separate process.
值得注意的是，竞选广告的音乐播放权则是另一回事。
That requires the campaign to contact the song's publisher and potentially the record label to negotiate the appropriate licenses.
竞选方需要联系这首歌的发行商，甚至可能还要联系唱片公司协商合适的授权事宜。
And politicians can get in a lot of trouble for not going through that process.
不走这一程序，政客们就可能惹上很多麻烦。
When Charlie Crist used the Talking Heads song "Road to Nowhere" in an ad, bandleader David Byrne sued for $1 million.
查理·克里斯特在他的广告中用了传声头乐队的歌曲《死路一条》之后，乐队领队戴维·伯恩便对他提起了诉讼，要他赔款100万美元。
Crist paid an undisclosed sum, and posted this apology video to YouTube.
克里斯特也确实支付了赔款，但数额未公开，还在YouTube上发了这段道歉视频。
"I sincerely apologize to David Byrne for using his famous song, and his unique voice in my campaign advertisement without his permission."
“在此，我要向大卫·伯恩致以诚挚的歉意，未经他的允许，我就在竞选广告中使用了他著名的歌曲和他独特的声音。”
But most of the time, lawsuits aren't the end goal.
但大多数时候，诉讼都不是音乐家们的最终目标。
Musician complaints like this are usually just to send a political message.
他们抱怨政治家们这样的行为通常只是为了传达一个政治讯息。
And in a majority of cases, the politicians actually do respect requests from musicians to stop using the music.
而且，大多数情况下，政客们也会尊重音乐家们的要求，停止使用他们的音乐。
By using legal pathways to get their songs pulled from events while making news for doing it, Queen and Adele might be setting a new precedent.
皇后乐对和阿黛尔通过法律途径将自己的歌曲从政客们的歌单里撤了下来，还上了新闻，他们的这一做法或许为其他音乐人开创了一个先例。
But hey, if Trump needs any song recommendations,
不过，如果特朗普需要歌曲推荐的话，
he's gotten endorsements from Ted Nugent, and Wayne Newton, and Kid Rock — so maybe he can start from there.
他起码还有泰德·纽金特, 韦恩·牛顿和摇滚小子的支持，或许他可以用用他们的歌。
So of course there are other ways that musicians can make their political beliefs known to their fans.
音乐家们当然也可以通过其他途径让自己的歌迷了解他们的政治信仰啦。
At the Republican National Convention, the band Third Eye Blind trolled everybody who showed up to their concert.
在共和党全国代表大会上，“心灵蒙蔽”乐队就向在场的所有人发起了挑战。
They didn't play any of the major hits,
但他们没有演唱任何热门曲目，
they criticized the GOP platform and they even asked the crowd at one point who here believes in science?
而是批评了共和党的纲领，甚至还一度向场下的观众问道：谁还相信科学啊？
