The pup's woolly fur is an effective insulator, but in the sea the fur becomes waterlogged.

幼崽的绒状毛皮是很好的保暖层，但在海里，这毛皮会被海水浸透。

Right now, the pup is better suited to dry land until he molts when he is around a month old.

现在，幼崽最好呆在干爽的地上直到它满月时褪毛为止。

This is also the time when the females will become fertile and so the bull seals must traverse the rough seas and come ashore and mate.

目前也是雌性最适合产崽的时期，所以公海豹们必须游过波涛汹涌的大海，来到岸上进行交配。

The dominant bulls can stake their claim to a harem of up to twenty females.

公海豹首领能独自占有并掌控多达二十只的雌性。

But their advance is not always welcome and they know their positional power is fragile.

不过它们的强势并不总是受到欢迎，而它们也知道宗主权并不牢靠。

This male will not leave the beach during the mating season, for fear of being usurped.

这只雄性在交配期内不会离开海滩，因为怕自己被篡权夺位。

As the wounds on his neck testify, the mating itself comes with inherent dangers.

从他的颈部伤口可以看出，交配本身也存在着内在风险。

The females are not always receptive, especially when there are pups around, as males have been known to kill the pups of other bulls in a bid to maintain their power.

雌性并不总是那么配合，尤其是有幼崽在旁边时，因为据说雄性会杀死其它公海豹的幼崽以维持自己的权力。

Just two weeks later, all the gray seal pups on Iceland have shed their juvenile fur and now fully weaned and independent from their parents.

仅过了两周，冰岛所有灰海豹幼崽就全部褪去了初生毛皮，而现在己经完全断奶离开父母自立了。

They must now learn to hunt for themselves to survive the long winter.

它们现在必须学会自己捕猎，才能在漫长的冬季生存下来。

By late November in northern Iceland, the sun rises above the horizon for just five hours a day.

到了十一月底，在冰岛北部，太阳每天只会在地平线上停留五个小时。

The near perpetual darkness means winter is truly here, but the night time brings another form of light for which Iceland is famous.

近乎永恒的黑夜意味着这里的冬天己经来临，但这黑夜也带来了另一种使冰岛为之著称的光亮。

The Aurora Borealis or northern lights are one of the most spectacular shows on earth.

极光或北极光，地球上最壮观的景象之一。

They occur in the Earth's upper atmosphere at altitudes between thirty and three hundred kilometers.

它们产生于地球的上层大气中，高度介于三十到三百公里之间。

They're created by the electrically charged particles of the solar wind colliding with the Earth's magnetic field.

它们是由称作太阳风的带电粒子流与地球磁场相遇而产生的。

Named after the Roman goddess of dawn, Aurora, these mesmerizing displays appear here at high latitudes because it's near the North Pole where the magnetic force is at its strongest.

它们得名于罗马神话中曙光女神-欧若拉，这些迷幻般的景象只会在这种高纬度地区出现，因为这些地区临近北极点 使得这里的地磁力最为强大。

The northern lights will be visible in Iceland for the entire winter.

北极光会在整个冬季都出现于冰岛上空。

In the oceans around Iceland, the whales have now migrated south to warmer waters.

在冰岛周边海域，鲸类们如今都向南方的温暖海域迁徙而去。

Further north, the ocean is beginning to freeze as the temperature of the water falls to minus two degree Celsius.

更靠北一些的地方，海面己经开始结冰，而海水的水温降至摄氏零下二度。

On land, the animal is preparing for months of sub-zero temperatures and the long darkness of the polar winter.

在陆地上，动物们正准备迎接持续数月的零度以下的低温以及北极冬天的漫漫长夜。

On Iceland, in the very depth of winter, there will be just four hours of daylight each day.

在冰岛，深冬季节里，每天将只有四个小时的白昼。

But while the night of winter will last nearly twenty four hours a day, beneath the glaciers, the volcanoes will be anything but dormant.

而冬天的黑夜将持续接近全天二十四小时，在冰川之下，一座座火山却绝不会休眠。

Even in winter, the battle between ice and fire wages on.

即使在冬季，冰与火的战斗仍将持续。