艾尚托福阅读，我们一起背单词第9期：TPO21-2

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记住我们的口号：甩掉8000-10000冗长的词汇书，背最有用最需要的单词

今天我们讲解托福TPO21-2 The Origins of Agriculture 的第1题到第6题需要重点记忆的单词

1. The word “option” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文：
while hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elsewhere [when the resources were exhausted]…
采集狩猎者往往可以选择在资源耗尽的时候迁到它处，对于耕作者来说就没这么容易
重点单词：
option n. 选择 （CET4）
exhausted adj. 疲惫的；耗尽的 (CET4) ；exhaust v. 排出 （exhaust carbon dioxide）；使精疲力尽; exhaust n. 尾气
选项单词：
A. choice n.选择 （高中）choose v.
B. benefit n. 好处；益处 （高中）；beneficial adj.
C. idea n. 想法 （初中）; ideal adj. 理想的
D. experience n. 经验；经历（高中）

2. According to paragraph 1, all of the following are advantages of hunting and gathering over agriculture EXCEPT:
下面四个选项中有哪一个选项不符合采集狩猎的优势：
A选项对应原文：
the state of health of agriculturalists was worse than that of their contemporary hunter-gatherers.
农业工作者的身体健康情况比同时代的采集狩猎者的身体健康情况糟糕很多。
重点单词：
the state of health 身体健康情况
contemporary n. 同时代的人；同时代的东西；adj. 同时代的；当代的
C选项对应原文：
it forced the population to abandon the nomad’s life and became sedentary, to develop methods of storage and,often, systems of irrigation.
它迫使人们放弃游牧生活，定居下来去发明储存方法，并且发展出通常所需的灌溉系统。
重点单词：
abandon v. 放弃；抛弃；遗弃 （高中）
nomad n. 游牧民；流浪者；adj. 游牧的；流浪的（托福）
sedentary adj. 定居的
irrigation n. 灌溉（高中）；irrigate v.
D选项对应原文：
while hunter-gatherers always had the option of moving elsewhere when the resources were exhausted
采集狩猎者往往可以选择在资源耗尽的时候迁到它处

3. The word “therefore” in the passage is closet in meaning to
原文：
The idea of a world population crisis is therefore unlikely…
因此世界性人口危机的想法就不太可能成立了。
题干单词：
therefore adv. 因此；所以 （初中）［thus; as a result; consequently;hence］
选项单词：
in theory 理论上； theoretically
obviously adv. 显而易见地（高中）conspicuous adj. 显而易见的
frequently adv. 频繁地 （高中）frequency n.
as a result 因此

5. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?
the highlighted sentence:
The temperature increased dramatically <in a short period of time> (years rather than centuries), <allowing for a growth of the hunting-gathering population> <due to the abundance of resources>.
短时期内（以年而不是以世纪为单位）温度急剧上升使得食物资源丰富，采集狩猎者人口增加。
重点单词：
allowing for 表因果关系；leading to; contributing to…
due to 由于；因为; owing to
正确选项：Higher temperature led to the existence of increased resources, thus enabling the hunting and gathering population to grow.
exist v. existence n. 存在
enable sb/sth to do sth

6. According to paragraph 3, the abundance of resources fluctuated sharply after the end of the glacial period because
在冰川时期结束之后，丰富资源剧烈波动的原因是
题干单词：
fluctuate v. 波动；动摇 （CET4）fluctuation n.
sharply adv. 急剧地；sharp adj. 急剧的；锋利的；n. 尖头
glacial adj. 冰的；冰川的 （托福）glacier n.
定位原文：
There were, however, fluctuations <in the climatic conditions>, <with the consequences> [that wet conditions were followed by dry ones], [so that the availability of plants and animals oscillated brusquely].
气候条件存在波动，造成干湿交替，以致可以获取的动植物的数量忽高忽低。
重点单词：
with the consequence 结果；所以； in the consequence
wet adj. 湿的；潮湿的 （高中）moist damp humid
dry adj.干旱的（高中）；arid
oscillate v. 使震动；使动摇 （托福）
brusquely adv. 剧烈地；唐突地；（托福）
正确选项：the amount of rainfall varied(v. 变化；改变) radically（adj. 剧烈地；激烈地 ） from one period to the next.

非常开心能跟大家一起分享背单词，我是艾芳如，我们下次再见！