艾尚托福阅读，我们一起背单词第1期：TPO20-1 West Migration

大家好，欢迎大家来到可可教育－艾尚托福阅读，我们一起背单词，我是艾芳如
记住我们的口号：甩掉8000-10000冗长的词汇书，背最有用最需要的单词

今天我们讲解托福TPO20-1 West Migration的第1题到第6题需要重点记忆的单词

1. What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?
题干单词：1）infer: v. 推断；推测 （CET4） 2）prior to: adj. 在...之前；居先 （CET4）

正确答案所在原文：After 1815, improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers <to escape a self-sufficient way of life> and <enter a national market economy.>
句子主干：improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers ｛to escape…and enter…｝
重点词汇：
escape v. 摆脱；逃避 （高中／初中）
self-sufficient adj. 自给自足的 （CET4）
national adj. 国家的；民族的 （高中／初中）
market economy 市场经济

正确选项：They did not operate in a national market economy.
重点单词：operate v. 运转；操作；经营 （高中／初中）

2. What is the purpose of the statement, whereas in 1810 only a seventh of the American people lived west of the Appalachian Mountain, by 1840 more than a third lived there?
题干单词：
purpose n. 目的；用途 （高中／初中）
statement n. 声明；陈述；言论 （高中／初中）
whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管（CET4）

正确答案所在原文：
During periods when commodity prices were high, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.
句子主干：the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.
重点词汇：
rate n. 比率；幅度；速度 （高中）
migration v. 迁移；移民 （CET4）
increase v. 增加 （初中）

正确选项：To emphasize the range and speed with which the westward migration occurred.
重点单词：
emphasize v. 强调 （CET4）
range n. 范围；幅度 （高中）
occur v. 发生；出现 （高中）

3. The word “fringes” in the passage in closet in meaning to
题干单词：
fringe n. 边缘 （CET6）

选项单词：
border n. 边缘 （初中）
group n. 族群 （初中）
type n. 种类 （初中）
direction n. 方向 （高中）

4. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are reasons why Americans migrate westward EXCEPT:
题干单词：
migrate v. 迁移 （CET6）
except prep. 除...之外 （初中）

A选项对应的原文：
many of those [who experienced this sharp break ]thereafter lacked the ties [that had bound them and their ancestors to a single place].
句子主干：many of those (who…) lacked the ties (that…)
重点单词：
lack v. 缺乏；没有 （高中）
tie n. 约束；领带 v. 系；约束 （初中）
bind(bound-bound) v. 绑，约束 （CET4）
ancestor n. 祖先 （CET4）
A 选项：the desire to move from one place to the next

B&C对应的原文：
In American society, however, the class structure was less rigid; some people changed occupations easily and believed [it was their duty to improve their social and economic position].
重点单词：
class n. 阶级 （CET4）
rigid adj. 严格的；僵硬的；死板的 （CET4）
occupation n. 职业；占有 （CET4）
position n. 地位 （高中）
B选项：The hope of improving their socio-economic status
重点单词：
status n. 地位 （高中）
C选项：the opportunity to change jobs

5.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?
原句：The west had plenty of attractions: the alluvial river bottoms, the fecund soils of the rolling forest lands, the black loams of the prairies were tempting to New England farmers working their rocky, sterile land and to southeastern farmers plagued with soil depletion and erosion.
重点单词：
alluvial adj. 冲击的 （托福）
fecund adj. 肥沃的；多产的 （托福）
loam n. 肥土；沃土 （托福）
prairie n. 大草原；牧场 （托福）
tempting adj. 吸引人的；诱人的 （CET6）
sterile adj. 贫瘠的；不育的；（托福）
plague n./v. 折磨；苦恼 （CET6）
depletion n. 消耗；耗尽 （CET6）
erosion n. 侵蚀；腐蚀

A. Because the West had more rivers and forests than the East, its soil was more productive.
B. The fertile soils of the West drew farmers from regions with barren soils.
C. Farmers living in western areas of the United states were more affected by soil erosion that farmers living in eastern areas.
D. The soil in western areas of the United states was richer than soil in eastern areas重点单词：fertile adj. 富饶的；肥沃的 （CET4）barren adj. 贫瘠的；不生育的 （CET6）
6. According to paragraph 3, what was the significance of the land law passed in 1820?题干单词：
significance n. 意义；重要性 （高中）
正确答案所在原文：
In 1820, under a new land law, a farm could be bough for $100. The continued proliferation of banks made it easier for those without cash to negotiate loans in paper money.
重点单词：
proliferation n. 扩散；增长；兴盛 （CET6）
negotiate v. 谈判；商议；转让 （CET4）
loan n. 贷款；（CET4）

正确选项：it provided farmland at an affordable price.
重点单词：
affordable (afford v. 给予；提供；付得起) adj. 负担的起的 （CET4）

非常开心能跟大家一起分享背单词，我是艾芳如，我们下次再见！