TPO:艾尚托福阅读 第六期 TPO20-3 Fossil Preservation
日期:2018-05-10 17:00

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艾尚托福阅读,我们一起背单词第6期:TPO20-3

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今天我们讲解托福TPO20-3 Fossil Preservation 的第7题到第11题需要重点记忆的单词

7. Which of the following best explains the process of permineralizaition mentioned in paragraph 3?
正确答案对应原文:
In such cases, the original composition <of the bone or shell> remains, but the fossil is made harder and more durable.
重点单词:
remain v.保留;残存;n. 遗迹;剩余物 (高中)
正确选项:liquid containing chemicals hardens(v.变硬;变坚固) an already existing fossil structure.

8. The word “precise” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文:
Replacement can be a marvelously precise process, so that details <of shell ornamentation, tree rings in wood, and delicate structures in bone> are accurately preserved.
重点单词:
replacement (replace v.) 更换;代替 (代替)
marvelous adj. 了不起的;非凡的
precise adj. 精确的;准确的 (高中)
delicate adj.微妙的;娇弱的;精美的 (CET4)
accurate adj.准确的 (高中)
选项单词:
A. complex adj. 复杂的;(高中)
B. quick adj. 快速的;迅速的 (初中)
C. exact adj. 准确的(高中)
D. reliable adj. 可靠的 (高中)
precise = exact

9. Paragraph 5 suggests which of the following about the carbonation process?
重点单词:
carbonation n. 碳化作用;碳化 (CET4)
原文:
Another type of fossilization, <known as carbonation>, occurs [when soft tissues are preserved as thin films of carbon]. Leaves and tissue <of soft-bodied organisms> <such as jellyfish or worms> may accumulate, become buried and compressed, and lose their volatile constituents. The carbon often remains behind as a blackened silhouette.
重点单词:
carbon n. 碳 (高中)
accumulate v. 累积;积聚(高中)
compressed adj. 被压缩的;扁平的;(CET4)
volatile adj. 挥发的;不稳定的;爆炸性的 (托福)
constituent n. 成分;构成;选民 (CET6)
A选项:It is completed soon after an organism dies.
B选项:It does not occur in hard-shell organisms.
C选项:It sometimes allows soft-tissued organisms to be preserved with all their parts.
D选项:It is a more precise process of preservation than is replacement.
B选项可以对应原文信息

10. The word “prospect” in the passage is closest in meaning to
原文:
[Although it is certainly true that the procession of hard parts enhances the prospect of preservation], organisms <having soft tissues and organs> are also occasionally preserved.
重点单词:
procession n./v. 队伍;行列 (CET4)
prospect n. 前途;前景;预期;可能性 (CET4)
tissue n. 组织;纸巾(高中)
organ n. 器官;机构;风琴 (高中)
occasionally adv. 偶尔 (CET4)
选项单词:
A. completion n. 完成
B. variety n. 多样性;多样化
C. possibility n. 可能性
D. speed n. 速度
prospect = possibility

11. According to paragraph 7, how do environments <containing oxygen> affect fossil preservation?
对应原文:
The probability [that actual remains of soft tissue will be preserved] is improved [if the organism dies in an environment of rapid deposition and oxygen deprivation].
重点单词:
remain n. 遗迹;残骸 (CET4)
deposition n. 沉积物 (CET4)
deprivation n. 剥夺;缺乏;贫困 (CET6)
正确选项:they reduce (v.减少;降低) the chance that animal remains will be preserved.

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重点单词
  • compositionn. 作文,著作,组织,合成物,成份
  • accumulatevt. 积聚,累加,堆积 vi. 累积
  • ornamentationn. 装饰,修饰
  • preservationn. 保存
  • complexadj. 复杂的,复合的,合成的 n. 复合体,综合体,
  • organismn. 生物体,有机体
  • processionn. 队伍,行列 v. 列队行进
  • depositionn. 沉积物,沉积作用,免职,[律]宣誓作证,证言
  • tissuen. (生物的)组织,织物,薄绢,纸巾
  • probabilityn. 可能性,或然率,机率