改错练习

The ability to move to find new work has long been a comerstone of the American Dream.There is growing concern that being stuck in place contributes to higher levels of unemployment Our analysis, therefore, finds no correlation whatsoever between the percentage of residents who were born in a state and either the overall rate of unemployment and its change over the past year.(1)____(2)____ There is also no correlation between it and the level of income inequality. States with higher percentages of home grown up residents do however have higher poverty rates.(3)____ State mobility appears to be related to residents' perceptions of their future economic conditions. The percentage of residents born in a state is closely associated with the percentage of people in the state who see the economy getting worse and negatively associated with the percentage who perceive the economy to be getting better.(4)____ This likely reflects a difference in the levels of income and skins what underlie these divergent perceptions about the economy.(5)____

State-level mobility is also associated with key dimensions of health and well-being. Low mobility states have higher levels of obesity and smoking and higher levels of happiness and well-being.(6)____ The percentage of residents born in a state is positively correlated with smoking and obesity, as well as deaths from cardiovascular disease, heart disease, and cancer.(7)____ Converse, the level of happiness or subjective well-being is negatively associated with the percentage of residents born in a state.(8)____ And many have focused on the economic effects of mobility, our analysis suggests it play an important role in health and happiness as well.(9)____(10)____

答案解析

文章大意
本文讨论的是美国人口流动性的影响。具备迁移并找到新工作的能力长久以来被视为美国梦的基石，如今人们越来越担心停留在一个地方会导致更高的失业率。然而我们分析发现居住在自己出生州的居民所占的比例与总体的失业率或过去一年失业率的变化之间没有关联，同时与收入水平不均之间也没有关联。我们发现各州的人口流动性与他们对将来经济条件的看法以及人们的幸福安康感有关系。
答案详解
1．therefore→however语篇错误。由上下文语义判断，此句与前句之间应为转折关系，而不是因果关系。前句提到现在越来越担心停留在一个地方会导致更高的失业率，本句则说二者之间没有关联，后者与前者语义刚好相反，故应改为表示转折关系的副词however。
2．and→or词汇错误。either...or...是固定搭配，意为“或者……或者……”，此句的意思是“我们的分析发现居住在自己出生州的居民所占的比例与总体的失业率或过去一年失业率的变化之间没有关联”。故应把and改为or。
3．up→up词汇错误。home grown为固定的短语，意为“土生土长的”，此句要表达的意思是“但是土生土长居民比例较高的州确实有较高的贫困率。”故应诙删掉up。
4．∧getting→as词汇错误。see+doing表示“看见……正在做”，see...as意为“把……看成，视为”。根据上下文的意思，此处应该用see...as结构，意为“出生在一个州的居民所占的比例与认为本州经济越来越不景气的人所占的比例密切相关。”
5．what→that/which语法错误。此处是定语从句，修饰先行词levels of income and skills，且引导词在从句中作主语，故应该用关系代词that或which来引导。
6．higher→lower语篇错误。根据上下文意思，前半句指出人口流动率低的州肥胖和抽烟的人比例较高，可以判断有幸福安康感的人比例应该较低。故应该把higher改为lower。
7．∧deaths→with词汇错误。此处as well as用作并列连词，意为“除……之外（也）”，故此处应该增加一个with，和correlated搭配，并与前面的with smoking and obesity并列。
此句的意思是“出生在一个州的居民所占的比例与肥胖症、抽烟以及死于心血管病、心脏病和癌症的比率呈正相关。”
8．Converse→Conversely语法错误。converse是形容词，意为“相反的”，此处应该用副词作句子的状语，故要改为Conversely。
9．And→Whereas/While语篇错误。根据上下文语义判断，句间的逻辑关系应为对比关系，前半句指出很多研究关注的是人口流动性对经济的影响，后半句则说我们的研究表明人口流动性对人们的健康和幸福起着很重要的作用，二者形成对比，故应把And改为While或Whereas。
10. play→plays语法错误。suggest表示“建议，提议” 时，其后的that从句要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略；当意为“表明，暗示” 时，that从句用真实的语气。此句是第二种用法，意思是“我们的分析表明人口流动性对人们的健康和幸福起着很重要的作用。”由于此处描述的是一般性情况，故从句应该用一般现在时。故把play改为plays。