改错练习

For centuries, immigrants have come to America seeking the promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Some came fleeting religious persecution.(1)____ Others came for the possibility of a better life. But all were inspired by the freedoms that exist in the United States because of the rule of law.
Throughout our history, immigrants have contributed to American society and help build the American dream But today we face with an immigration crisis.(2)____(3)____ Lax enforcement of our immigration laws threatens the promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness that has made America that it is today.(4)____ In order to protect the American dream, we must enforce our immigration laws.
According to a report by the Government Accountability Office, only 44 percent of the U.S.-Mexico border is under the "operational control" of the U.S. Border Patrol. Forty-four percent is a failure grade.(5)____ Holes in the security of our borders threaten American lives. The first promise of the American dream is "life." In order to protect that promise, we must secure the U.S.-Mexico border.
We must also do more to prohibit Americans from criminal illegal immigrants.(6)____ Despite the Obama administration has increased the deportation of criminal immigrants, two Supreme Court rulings created a safe haven for dangerous criminal immigrants who can be removed.(7)____ Because these rulings prohibit criminal immigrants from detained longer than six months when they cannot be deported, federal officials have been forced to release thousands of criminal immigrants into our communities.(8)____(9)____(10)____ Tragically, many have gone on to commit more crimes, including murder.

答案解析

文章大意
本文讨论的是美国移民问题。几个世纪以来，许多人移民来到美国寻求生存、自由和幸福。有些人为了逃离宗教迫害，另一些人则为了过上更好的生活。移民者为美国社会做了很多贡献，但现在美国面临着移民危机。松弛的移民法威胁着人们的生存权、自由权和追求幸福权。根据美国政府审计总署的报告，只有44%的美国与墨西哥边境处于美国边境巡查的控制之下；此外，两大最高法院的裁决为非法犯罪移民提供了安全的避难所，这些都严重威胁着美国人的生命。
答案详解
1．fleeting→fleeing词汇错误。此处考查形近词的用法，fleeting为形容词，表示“短暂的，飞逝的”，若为动词fleet的现在分词形式，则意为“疾飞、掠过”，放在此处不符合语意。
fleeing为现在分词形式，表示“逃离”，在句中作状语，整句意为“一些人为了逃避宗教迫害来到美国”。
2．help→helped语法错误。此句是现在完成时，用and连接了两个并列的谓语动词，help应该和前面的contributed形式上保持一致，故应改为过去分词形式helped。
3．with→with词汇错误。face可单独使用，意为“面临”，后面不需要加介词with，be faced with亦意为“面临”，但由于改错答案只限于一个单词，故不这么改。
4．that (it)→what语法错误。此处是“make+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，宾补部分是一个名词从句，引导词在从句中充当表语，故应该用what引导，表示“……的样子”。
5．failure→failing词汇错误。failure是名词，意为“失败”，放在这里语义不通。此处需要一个形容词性的词作grade的定语，fail和grade之间是主动关系，故应该用现在分词形式failing，意为“不及格的”。此句的意思是：44%是处于不及格的等级。
6．prohibit→protect词汇错误。prohibit意为“禁止，阻止”，放在这里语义不通。此句要表达的意思是“我们应该采取更多的措施保护美国人不受非法犯罪移民的侵害。”故应该用protect，protect...from...意为“保护事物不受损害”。
7．Despite→Although/Though语篇错误。由上下文语义判断，句间的逻辑关系应该是让步关系，despite是介词，表示“尽管”，但后面不能接句子，故应改为连词Although或Though。
8．can→can't语篇错误。根据上下文语境，前面提到safe haven“安全的避难所”，下文说到“如果犯罪的非法移民超过六个月没有被遣返的话将被释放，意味着他们将留在美国而不能被驱逐”。故此处应该用否定意义的can't。
9．∧detained→being语法错误。prohibit... from doing意为“禁止做”，而detain和immigrants之间是被动关系，故应该用被动形式being detained。
10. when→if语篇错误。由上下文语义判断，此句中的they cannot be deported作状语，表示条件，而不是时间，意思是“如果他们不能被驱逐出境”，故应改为if。