Indeed, it was exactly a hundred years from the conception of the Analytical Engine, until there were substantially new developments either in the theory or in the construction of such a universal machine.
就在提出分析引擎的概念100年之后，关于通用机的理论和构造产生了进的进展。
On the side of theory, 1937 saw the publication of Computable Numbers, which made all these ideas precise, explicit, and conscious.
1937年，《可计算数》的出版使这一切想法都变得更加精确、详细、严谨。
On the practical side, there had been the inevitable Looking Glass war as the revived and expanding electrical industry of the 1930s provided rival powers with new opportunities.
在实践方面，正当30年代的经济复苏和电子工业的发展，提供了强大的新生力量时，那场镜中奇遇式的战争爆发了。
The first development had, in fact, occurred in 1937 Germany, at the Berlin home of K. Zuse, an engineer who had rediscovered many of Babbage's ideas, though not that of conditional branching.
第一个进展，发生在1937年的德国，在K.楚泽位于柏林的家里。楚泽是一位工程师，他重拾了巴贝奇的许多观点，但不包括条件分支。
Like the Babbage machine his first design, which was actually built in 1938, was mechanical and not electrical.
他起初设计了一台巴贝奇机，并在1938年制造出来。
But he had avoided the thousands of meshing ten-spoke gear wheels that Babbage had demanded, by the simple expedient of having his machine work in binary arithmetic.
这是一台机械机器，不是电子的，但楚泽通过使用二进制作为权宜之计，避免了巴贝奇需要的成千上万个啮合的十齿齿轮。
This was not a deep theoretical advance, but from any practical point of view it was an immense simplification.
这在理论上并不是革命性的进展，但是从实践的角度来看，这是极其重要的简化。
It was also a liberation from the usual engineer's assumption that numbers had to be represented in the decimal way.
一般的工程师都会用十进制来表示数字，而楚泽从中解放出来了。
Alan had used the same idea at the same time in his 1937 electric multiplier.
与此同时在1937年，艾伦在他的乘法机中也采取了同样的想法。
Zuse had quickly moved on to construct further versions of his machine which made use of electromagnetic relays rather than mechanical elements.
不久之后，楚泽和他在战前一起进行电子实验的同事一起，改造了他的机器，利用了电磁继电器，而不是机械组件。
Zuse calculators were used in aircraft engineering but not in code-breaking; it was argued that the war would be over too soon.
楚泽计算机用于飞行器工程，而不是用于密码破译。讽刺的是，对于楚泽来说，战争似乎结束得太早了。
Short-term Nazism left Zuse in 1945 desperately trying to save his work from destruction.
1945年，短命的纳粹丢下了楚泽，他绝望地试图拯救他的成果，避免被盟军轰炸成碎片。