(单词翻译:单击)
文本和翻译
Lesson 59 In or out?进来还是出去？
Our dog, Rex, used to sit outside our front gate and bark. Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate. As the neighbours complained of the noise, my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let himself in. Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate. However, when I was going out shopping last week, I noticed him in the garden near the gate. This time he was barking so that someone would let him out! Since then, he has developed another bad habit. As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts. Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out. After this he immediately lets himself in and begins barking again. Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed we have not seen him since.
参考译文
我家的狗雷克斯，过去常坐在大门外面叫。每当它想到花园里来时，便汪汪叫个不停，直到有人把门打开。由于邻居们对狗叫很有意见，所以我丈夫花了几个星期的时间训练它用脚爪按住门闩把自己放进来。雷克斯很快成了开门的专家。然而上星期我正要出去买东西时，发现它正呆在花园里边靠门的地方。这次它叫着让人把它放出去！从那以后，它养成了另外一种坏习惯。它从外面把门一打开，就走进花园，等着门自动关上。这之后他就坐下汪汪叫起来，直到有人来把它放出去。出去之后，它又马上把自己放进来，接着再开始叫。昨天，我丈夫把门卸了下来，雷克斯很生气，此后我们便再也没有见到它。
词汇和短语
bark v. 狗叫
press v. 按，压
paw n. 脚爪
latch n. 门闩
expert n. 专家
develop v. 养成
habit n. 习惯
remove v. 拆掉，取下
As soon as he opens the gate from the outside, he comes into the garden and waits until the gate shuts.
as soon as一经...;立即...;一...就...
Come here as soon as you finish the work.
工作一结束你就到这里来。
as soon as,
hardly…when…
no sooner…than…
这三个短语都有一……就、刚刚……就的意思，它们的意思非常相近，因此有时可以互换。例如：
我刚到公共汽车站，汽车就开了。一句，就可以有如下几句译法：
As soon as I got to the bus stop, the bus started.
Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started.
No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.
但他们之间也有一些差异，例如，如果从两件事情的间隔时间来说，as soon as 较长，no sooner...than
居中，hardly...when 间隔时间最短。其它的一些区别见下面，请大家在运用的时候要留意。
1、as soon as
它的意思相当于A事情发生以后，就做B这件事。
这个短语用的比较常用，口语和书面语都可以。它的特点是，在句子中的位置比较灵活，而且可以用于各种时态。例如：
I’ll write you as soon as I get there.
我一到那儿就给你来信。（一般现在时）
As soon as I went in, Katherine cried out with pleasure.
我一进门，Katherine 就高兴的叫起来。（一般过去时）
I’ll return the book as soon as I have read it.
我一读完就把书还回去。（现在完成时）
Andrew left as soon as he had drunk his coffee.
Andrew一喝完咖啡就走了。（过去完成时）
2、no sooner…than
它的意思相当于刚做完A这件事，就做B这件事。例如：
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.
他一回来就买了一套房子。
如果no sooner 位于句首，主句要用倒装结构。例如：
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他刚到就又走了。
No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.
运动会刚开始，天就下起了大雨。
有一点要注意，no sooner…than 一般用来描述做过的事情，它不能用于表示将来的事。
3、hardly…when...
它的意思是几乎未来得及做完A这件事，紧接着就开始B这件事。
使用这个短语时，一般用于过去完成时；并且when有时可改用before。例如：
He had hardly finished the article when the light went out.
他刚写完文，灯就熄了。
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house.
他还未安顿下来，就卖掉了那所房子。
另外，如果把hardly放于句首，主句要用倒装结构即谓语动词要提前。如：
Hardly had I finished eating when he came in.
我刚吃完他就进来了。
Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.
她还没走出家门，就有一个学生来看望她。
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