阅读精讲

1.Booksaretomankindwhatmemory istotheindividual. Theycontainthehistory of our race, the discoverieswehave made, theaccumulatedknowledge and experienceof ages; theypicturefor usthe marvels and beauties of nature,help usin our difficulties, comfort usin sorrow and in suffering,changehoursofweariness into moments ofdelight, store our mindswithideas, fill themwithgood and happy thoughts, andlift usout ofand above ourselves.

1、书籍之于全人类，犹如记忆力之于个人。书籍记录了我们人类的历史，记录了我们的新发现，也记录了我们世世代代积累的（accumulated）知识和经验；书籍为我们描绘了自然界的奇观和美景；书籍帮助我们摆脱困境，在我们悲哀困苦的时候，给我们以安慰，在我们烦闷的时刻带来欢乐，给我们的头脑装进各种观念，使我们的脑海充满了美妙高尚的思想，从而使我们超越自我，高于自我。

2. There is an oriental story of twomen: one was a king,whoevery night dreamt he wasa beggar;the otherwas abeggar,whoevery night dreamt he was a princeandlived in a palace.I am not sure thatthe kinghadvery muchthe best of it.Imagination is sometimesmorevivid than reality. But, howeverthis may be,whenwe readwe maynot only(if wewish it) be kings and live in palaces,but,whatis far better,we maytransportourselvestothe mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautifulparts of the earth,without fatigue, inconvenience, or expense.

2、有一个东方的故事，谈到了两个人：其中一个是国王，他每晚梦见(dream-dreamt-dreamt)自己成为一个乞丐；另一个是乞丐，他每晚梦见自己成了一个王子，住进了王宫。我不知道国王是否真正成了乞丐(have the best of it获得成功)。想象有时比现实更加生动。然而，不管怎么样（however this may be），我们读书时，不仅可以成为国王，住在王宫里，假如我们想成为国王的话，而且更妙的是(what is far better)，我们可以神驰群山，或畅游海滨，我们也可遍访世界上最美丽的地方，而无须经受任何劳顿，也没有什么不方便，更无须花费分文。

3. Many of thosewho have had,aswe say,allthatthis world can give,haveyettoldus they owed much of their purest happiness to books. Ascham, in "TheSchoolmaster", tellsatouching story of hislastvisit to Lady Jane Grey. Hefoundhersittinginan oriel windowreadingPlato'sbeautifulaccount of the deathof Socrates. Her father and motherwerehunting in the park, thehoundswere in full cry and theirvoices came in through the open window. He expressed his surprisethatshehadnot joined them. But, said she, "I wist that all theirpleasure in the park is buta shadowtothepleasure I find in Plato."

3、我们说（as we say），许多人拥有这个世界能给予的(all that this world can give)一切，然而（yet）他们却告诉我们，他们真正的幸福在很大程度上(much of their purest happiness)还是得之于书籍（owe…to books）。阿斯克姆在《教师》(the schoolmaster)一书中生动地(touching)叙述了他最后一次去拜访简·格雷小姐的经过。他看到她坐在一个飘窗下，阅读柏拉图关于苏格拉底之死的有趣描述(beautiful account (描述) of the death of Socrates)。她的父母正在猎苑打猎，猎狗正引吭狂吠，狺狺之声通过开着的窗子传进了屋内。他感到奇怪，问她为什么没有跟父母一起去打猎。她却回答说：“我觉得(wist; (古)知道; 感觉)他们在猎苑狩猎所得到的乐趣与我读柏拉图所得到的乐趣相比乃是微不足道的（a shadow;shadown.少许；微量）。”

4. Macaulay hadwealth and fame, rank and power(一堆名词),and yethe tells usin hisbiography that heowedthe happiest hours ofhis lifetobooks.In acharming letter to alittle girl, he says, "Thank you foryourvery pretty letter, I am always glad to make my little girl happy, andnothingpleasesmeso muchastosee that she likes books,forwhen she isas old asI am, shewill findthatthey（books） are better than allthe tarts and cakes(馅饼和蛋糕), toys and plays(玩具和游戏), and sights in the world (世界上所有的名胜).Ifany onewould make methe greatest kingthatever lived,withpalaces and gardens and fine dinners, and wines andcoaches, and beautiful clothes, and hundreds of servants, on condition that I should notread books, I would not be a king (好像是虚拟语气);Iwould ratherbe a poor manin agarretwith plenty of books thana kingwhodid not lovereading."

4、麦考利既有财富又有声望，既有地位又有权势，然而(and yet)他在传记(biography)中告诉我们，他生活中最幸福的时刻(the happiest hours of his life)还是读书（owe to books）。他在给一个小女孩的一封信中风趣地（charming）写道：“谢谢你给我写了一封有趣的信。能叫我的小女孩愉快，我总是感到非常欣慰，没有什么能比看到她喜欢书籍更叫我高兴的了。因为(for)当她到了像我现在这样年龄的时候，她会发现，书籍比所有馅饼和糕点、玩具和游戏以及世界上所有的名胜（sights in the world）更吸引人。真要是有人拥戴我为世上最显赫的国王(the greatest king that ever lived)，拥有宫殿花园、珍肴美味、佳酿华辇、龙袍华衮，以及成群成群的奴仆，但若(oncondition that)不让我读书，我则决不愿为国王，我宁愿做一个穷人，与众多书籍为伴，蜗居阁楼斗室，也不愿成为一个不爱读书的国王。”(wouldrather … than宁愿...而不愿；与其…不如)

5. Books, indeed, endow us with a wholeenchanted palace of thoughts,there isawider prospect, says Jean Paul Richter,fromParnassusthanfroma throne.In one waythey giveusan even more vivid ideathanthe actual reality,justas reflections are oftenmore beautifulthanreal nature. "All mirrors," says George Macdonald, "Thecommonestroomis a roomin a poemwhenIlook in the glass."

5、事实上(indeed)，书籍赋予(endow with)我们一个思想魔宫(enchanted palace)。吉恩·保尔·里希特尔曾说，从帕纳萨斯(希腊中部的山)看景色，比坐在宝座上看，有更开阔的视野(there is a wider prospect)。从某种意义上说(in one way)，书籍给我们的形象比现实的东西更生动，正如影像（reflections）往往比真实的风景更美丽。“书是反映现实的镜子(mirror vt. 反映, 反射, 映照)，”乔治·麦克唐纳这么说过，“从镜子中看时(when I look in the glass)，最普通的(the commonest)房间也是诗一样美的房间了。”

6. Precious and priceless arethe blessingswhichthe booksscatter around our daily paths. We walk,inimagination, with the noblest spirits, through the most sublime and enchanting regions.

6、在我们日常生活的旅途中，书籍所赐予的恩惠（the blessings which the books scatter）是最宝贵的和无价的（preciousand priceless）。在无限的遐思中，怀着（with）最崇高的精神，我们漫步(walk through)在最高尚、最炫丽的境界。

7.Withoutstirring from our firesides we may roam tothemostremote regions of the earth, or soar into realms (1) where Spenser'sshapes of unearthly beauty flock to meet us, (2)whereMilton's angels peal in ourears the choral hymns of Paradise.Science, art, literature, philosophy, -allthatman has thought, allthatman has done,-the experiencethathas been bought with thesufferings of a hundred generations,-all are garnered up for usin the world of books.

7、无须离开(stir from 离开)家门(our firesides)，我们便可遨游(roam)世界上最遥远的地方，可以飞到(soar)斯宾塞笔下的梦境般的王国(realms)，那里会有成群的仙女结队欢迎我们；也可飞到弥尔顿描绘的天国，那里天使们合唱的天国赞美诗(the choral hymns of Paradise)如雷贯耳(peal in our ears)。科学、艺术、文学及哲学(philosophy)，所有这一切人类思想和行为的结晶，还有我们祖祖辈辈经受了无数磨难而获得(bring with v. 带来；拿来；取来)的经验，都为我们贮藏（garner up = garner in）在书籍的世界里了。

课后习题

课后练习：

1 Books _____ to mankind______ memory is to the individual.

A are, what B is, which C were, who D are, that

2 They _____ the historyof our race.

Acontent B contact C contain D container

3 They change hours of_____ into moments of delight.

A weary B wear C weariless D weariness

4 He every night dreamt hewas a prince and lived in a ____.

A place Bpalace C plain D plate

5 We maytransportourselves to mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts ofthe earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, or _____.

A expend B spend C expense Dexpensive

6 Many of those who have _____,as we say, all ______ this world can give, have yet told us theyowedmuchof their purest happinesstobooks.

A have, what B had, which C has, that D had, that

7 He found hersittinginan oriel window ______ Plato’s beautiful account ____ the death of Socrates.

A read, of B reading, of C readed, for D has read, for

8 If any one would make me ______the greatest king with palaces and gardens, _______ condition that I should notread books, I ______ not be the king.

A /, in, would B to be, on,should C /, on , would D be, by, will

9 I _____ be a poor man ina garret with plenty of books than a king who did not lovereading.

A would like to B would C wouldrather D had better

10 Booksendowus______ a wholeenchantedpalace of thought.

A with B for C in D by

11 Without ______ from ourfiresides we may roam to the most remote regions of the earth.

A stirred B stirring C staring D stared

12 We walk, in imagination, withthe noblest spirits, through the most sublime and ______ regions.

Aenchanted Benchanting C enchant D enchantment

13 Science, art, literature,philosophy-all are ______upfor us in the world of books.

A gather Bgarnered C garden D gardener

答案：1A 2 C 3D 4B 5C 6 D 7B 8 C 9 C 10 A 11B 12 B 13 B