词汇选项

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

1．The rules are too rigid to allow for humane error.
A．general B．inflexible C．complex D．direct
2．Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.
A．send B．hear C．confirm D．spread
3．Come out, or I’ll bust the door down.
A．break B．shut C．set D．beat
4．The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.
A．naked B．blind C．cautious D．private
5．The contract between the two companies will expire soon.
A．shorten B．start C．end D．resume
6．The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.
A．rejected B．submitted C．considered D．approved
7．The tower remains intact even after two hundred years.
A．unknown B．undamaged C．unusual D．unstable
8．The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.
A．polluted B．treated C．tested D．corrupted
9．The methods of communication used during the war were primitive.
A．reliable B．effective C．simple D．alternative
10．This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.
A．turned dead B．become extinct C．passed by D．carried away
11．She shed a few tears at her daughter’s wedding.
A．wiped B．injected C．removed D．produced
12．Many experts remain skeptical about his claims.
A．doubtful B．untouched C．certain D．silent
13．They didn’t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.
A．existence B．cause C．importance D．situation
14．Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.
A．moral B．regular C．hard D．fundamental
15．Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.
A．argue B．compete C．claim D．wish
阅读判断

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Mau Piailug, Ocean Navigator
Mau sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti using traditional methods
In early 1976, a fisherman led an expedition in which he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2,500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti. The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organized the expedition. Its purpose was to find out if seafarers（海员）in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational instruments, or whether the islands had been populated by accident. At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by observing the stars, the wind and the sea.
He had never before sailed to Tahiti, which was a long way to the south. However, he understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands, so he was confident he could find his way. The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it
His grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he was still a baby. He showed him pools of water on the beach to teach him how the behaviour of the waves and wind changed in different places. Later, Mau used a circle of stones to memorize the positions of the stars. Each stone was laid out in the sand to represent a star.
The voyage proved that Hawaii’s first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars. Mau himself became a keen teacher, passing on his traditional secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not be lost. He explained the position of the stars to his students, but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done.
16．At the time of his voyage, Mau had unique navigational skills.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17．Mau was familiar with the sea around Tahiti.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18．Mau could not afford a compass or charts.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19．Mau learnt navigation skills from his grandfather.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20．Mau used stones to memories where the stars were situated in the sky.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21．The first inhabitants of Hawaii could read and write.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22．Mau expected his students to remember the positions of the stars immediately.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
概括大意和完成句子
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Traffic Jams — No End in Sight
1　Traffic congestion affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters spend an average of a full work week each year sitting in traffic, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.
2　The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centers thanks to congestion pricing.
3　Another way to reduce rush hour traffic is for employers to implement flexitime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
4　Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.
5　Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.

A．Paying to get in
B．A solution which is no solution
C．Changing work practice
D．Closing city centres to traffic
E．Not doing enough
F．A global problem

23．Paragraph 1 _____
24．Paragraph 2 _____
25．Paragraph 3 _____
26．Paragraph 4 _____

27．Most American drivers think it convenient to ________.
28．If charged high enough, some drivers may ________ to enter certain parts of town.
29．Building more roads is not an effective way to ________.
30．The U.S. government has planned to ________ updating public transport systems.

A．reduce traffic jams
B．spend more money
C．drive around
D．travel regularly
E．go by bus
F．encourage more private cars


阅读理解
第一篇 On the Trail of the Honey Badgers
On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers（獾）. The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers’ movements and behaviour as discreetly（谨慎地）as possible, without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behaviour. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them. In view of the animal’s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.
“The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,” he says. “that, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you have food, for example, they won’t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They’re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious（凶恶的）. Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.”
The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal’s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Previously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey（猎物）. The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fat that female badgers never socialized with each other.
Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.
As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal’s curiosity — or their sudden aggression. The badgers’ eating patterns, which had been disrupted, returned to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seem to adopt the badgers’ relaxed attitude when near humans.
31．Why did the wildlife experts visit the Kalahari Desert?
A．To find where honey badgers live.
B．To observe how honey badgers behave.
C．To catch some honey badgers for food.
D．To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.
32．What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?
A．They show interest in things they are not familiar with.
B．They are always looking for food.
C．They do not enjoy human company.
D．It is common for them to attack people.
33．What did the team find out about honey badgers?
A．There were some creatures they did not eat.
B．They were afraid of poisonous creatures.
C．They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.
D．Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.
34．Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?
A．They don’t run very quickly.
B．They hunt over a very large area.
C．They defend their territory from other badgers.
D．They are more aggressive than females
35．What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?
A．They lost interest in people.
B．They became less aggressive towards other creatures.
C．They started eating more.
D．Other animals started working with them.

第二篇 Why So Many Children
In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast. The reason for this is simple: Women in these countries have a high birth rate — from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman. The majority of these women are poor, without the food or resources to care for their families. Why do they have many so children? Why don’t they limit the size of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice. There are several reasons for this.
One reason is economic. In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful. Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age. In an industrial economy, the situation is different. Many children do not help a family; instead, they are an expense. Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate. This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly. In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate. After World War II, Italy’s economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized. By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the world’s lowest.
However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate. Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate (7.0). Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth.
Clearly, other factors are involved. The most important of these is the condition of women. A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women. This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia. There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home. On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries. Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.
Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control. Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so. In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down. This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.
These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions. It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs. Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success.
41．In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family
A．can be an advantage.
B．may limit income.
C．isn’t necessary.
D．is expensive.
42．When countries become industrialized, _______
A．families often become larger.
B．the birth rate generally goes down.
C．women usually decide not have a family.
D．the population generally grows rapidly.
43．Italy today is an example of an
A．agricultural country with a high birth rate.
B．agricultural country with a low birth rate.
C．industrialized country with a low birth rate.
D．industrialized country with a high birth rate.
44．Saudi Arabia is mentioned because it shows that
A．the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy.
B．factors other than the economy influence birth rate.
C．women who have a high income usually have few children.
D．the birth rate depends on per capita income.
45．In Mexico, as in Thailand and Indonesia, the government
A．is not concerned about the status of women.
B．has tried to industrialize the country rapidly.
C．does not allow women to work outside the home.
D．has tried to improve the condition of women.

第三篇 Making a Loss is the Height of Fashion
Given that a good year in the haute couture（高级定制女装） business is one where you lose even more money than usual, the prevailing mood in Paris last week was of recession-busting buoyancy. The big-name designers were falling over themselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price, and how this proved that the fashion business was healthier than ever. Jean-Paul Gaultier reported record sales, “but we don’t make any money out of it,” the designer assured journalists backstage. “No matter how successful you are, you can’t make a profit from couture,” explained Jean-Jacques Picart, a veteran fashion PR man, and co-founder of the now-bankrupt Lacroix house.
Almost 20 years have passed since the Alice in Wonderland economics of the couture business were first exposed. Outraged that he was losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds, the couturier Jean-Louis Scherrer — to howls of “trahison” from his colleagues - published a detailed summary of his costs. One outfit he described contained over half a mile of gold thread, 18,000 sequins（亮片）, and had required hundreds of hours of hand-stitching in an atelier（制作室）. A fair price would have been £50,000, but the couturier could only get £35,000 for it. Rather than riding high on the follies of the super-rich, he and his team could barely feed their hungry families.
The result was an outcry and the first of a series of government - and industry-sponsored inquiries into the surreal（超现实的）world of ultimate fashion. The trade continues to insist that - relatively speaking - couture offers you more than you pay for, but it’s not as simple as that. When such a temple of old wealth starts talking about value for money, it isn’t to convince anyone that dresses costing as much as houses are a bargain. Rather, it is to preserve the peculiar mystique（神秘）, lucrative（利润丰厚的） associations and threatened interests that couture represents.
Essentially, the arguments couldn’t be simpler. On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesn’t change. On the other are those who say it will die if it does. What’s not in doubt is that haute couture - the term translates as “high sewing” - is a spectacular anachronism. Colossal in its costs, tiny in its clientele and questionable in its influence, it still remains one of the great themes of Parisian life. In his book, The Fashion Conspiracy, Nicholas Coleridge estimates that the entire couture industry rests on the whims（一时兴起）of less than 30 immensely wealthy women, and although the number may have grown in recent years with the new prosperity of Asia, the number of couture customers worldwide is no more than 4,000.
To qualify as couture, a garment must be entirely hand-made by one of the 11 Paris couture houses registered to the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture. Each house must employ at least 20 people, and show a minimum of 75 new designs a year. So far, so stirringly traditional, but the Big Four operators - Chanel, Dior, Givenchy and Gaultier — increasingly use couture as a marketing device for their far more profitable ready-to-wear, fragrance and accessory lines.
36．What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．The haute couture business is expanding quickly.
B．The haute couture designers make much profit in their sales.
C．The haute couture designers claim losses in their sales.
D．The haute couture businessmen are happy with their profit.
37．According to the second paragraph, Jean-Louis Scherrer
A．was very angry as he was losing money.
B．was in a worse financial position than other couturier.
C．was one of the best known couturiers.
D．stopped producing haute couture dresses.
38．The writer says that the outfit Jean-Louis Scherrer described
A．was worth the price that was paid for it.
B．cost more to make than it should have.
C．was never sold to anyone.
D．should have cost the customer more than it did.
39．The writer says in paragraph 4 that there is disagreement over
A．the future of haute couture.
B．the history of haute couture.
C．the real costs of haute couture.
D．the changes that need to be made in haute couture.
40．What is the writer’s tone towards haute couture business?
A．Somewhat ironical.
B．Quite supportive.
C．Fairly friendly.
D．Rather indifferent.
补全短文

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。 Toads are Arthritic and in Pain
Arthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads, a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs. ________ (46).
The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 1935 in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. ________ (47) A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.
The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. ________ (48)
A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.
According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometre a night. ________ (49) But speed and strength come at a price — arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.
In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop. ________ (50) These toads are so programmed to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their relentless march across the landscape.
A．Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia’s native species.
B．Toads are not built to be road runners — they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas.
C．But this advantage also has a big drawback — up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.
D．But arthritis didn’t slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found.
E．The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.
F．Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are being left behind.

完形填空

第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Family History
In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before, many people are being attracted to the ______ (51) of looking back into the past. One way they can do this is by ______ (52) their own family history. They can try to ______ (53) out more about where their families came from and what they did. This is now a fast-growing hobby, especially in countries ______ (54) a fairly short history, like Australia and the United States.
It is one thing to spend some time ______ (55) through a book on family history and to ______ (56) the decision to investigate your own family’s past. It is quite another to ______ (57) out the research work successfully. It is easy to set about it in a disorganized ______ (58) and cause yourself many problems which could have been ______ (59) with a little forward planning.
If your own family stories tell you ______ (60) you are connected with a famous character, whether hero or criminal, do not let this idea take ______ (61) your research. Just treat it as an interesting ______ (62). A simple system for collecting and storing your information will be adequate to ______ (63) with; a more complex one may only get in your ______ (64). The most important thing, though, is to get started. Who ______ (65) what you might find?51．A．chain B．attention C．interest D． idea
52．A．investigating B．recording C．creating D．rewriting
53．A．put B．set C．find D．get
54．A．of B．with C．in D．for
55．A．seeing B．following C．coming D．going
56．A．make B．accept C．reach D．leave
57．A．work B．carry C．figure D．turn
58．A．body B．system C．way D．event
59．A．missed B．lost C．avoided D．escaped
60．A．when B．why C．what D．that
61．A．over B．up C．away D．off
62．A．reason B．possibility C．question D．example
63．A．play B．live C．break D．start
64．A．side B．way C．road D．track
65．A．knows B．worries C．believes D．realizes
参考答案
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）试题参考答案
1 B 20 3A 4C 5C
6D 78 8A 9C 10 B
11 D 12 A 13 C 14 D 15 B
16 A 17 B 18 C 19 A 20 A
21 C 22 B 23 F 24 A 25 C
26 B 27 C 28 E 29 A 30 B
31 B 32 A 33 c 34 B 35 A
36 A 37 B 38 c 39 B 40 D
41 c 42 A 43 D 44 A 45 A
46 c 47 E 48 A 49 F 50 D
51 D 52 A 53 c 54 B 55 D
56 A 57 B 58 c 59 c 60 D
61 A 62 B 63 D 64 B 65 A
说明：
第一部分：第1 ~ 15题，每题1分，15分；
第二部分：第16 ~ 22题，每题1分，7分；
第三部分：第23 ~ 30题，每题1分，8分；
第四部分：第31 ~ 45题，每题3分，45分；
第五部分：第46 ~ 50题，每题2分，10分；
第六部分：第51 ~ 65题，每题1分，15分。
试卷满分：100分。

答案解析
2013年全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）试题题解
第1部分：词汇选项
1　B　rigid“僵硬的，固定的，顽固的”，与inflexible同义。
2　D　circulate做不及物动词，意思是“传播，流通”，如：We should often open the windows to allow the air to circulate.我们应当经常打开窗户以使空气流通。句子的意思是：关于他的财政问题的流言开始传开。
3　A　bust“使爆裂”，句子的意思是：快点，不然我就破门而入了。这里与break同义。
4　C　wary“谨慎的，机警的”，与cautious同义。naked“裸体的”，blind“盲的”，private“私人的”。
5　C　expire“期满，终止”。resume是“重新开始”。
6　D　endorse“赞同，认可”，如：I fully endorse everything the chairperson has said.我完全赞同主席所说的一切。四个选项中，reject“拒绝”，submit“提交”，consider“考虑”，approve“赞同”。
7　B　intact的意思是“完整无缺的，未受损伤的”，与undamaged同义，如：The church was destroyed in the bombing but the altar survived intact.教堂在轰炸中被毁，但神坛却完好无损。unstable“不稳定的”。
8　A　contaminated“被污染的”，可用polluted替换。
9　C　primitive“原始的”，在这里可以转义为“简单的”，故用C选项替换。
10　B　die out是固定搭配，意思是“完全消失，灭绝”，become extinct也是形容物种灭绝的，在这里可以替换。pass away是对死亡的一种婉转说法，常形容人。
11　D　shed“流出”，shed tears就是流泪，produce也有“产生出”的意思。wipe是“擦”，意思与原文不符。
12　A　skeptical“怀疑的”，与A项同义。
13　C　magnitude有几个意思，其中一个是“重要（性）"，与importance相同。existence“存在”，cause“原因”，situation“状况”。
14　D　cardinal意为“基本的”，与D项同义。moral“道德的”，regular“规律的”。
15　B　contend“竞争，奋斗”。

第2部分：阅读判断
16　A　文章一直在讲Mau使用独特的航海技术，如观风向，观星等，不用现代的导航设施完成了航行。
17　B　由文章第二段第一句：He had never before sailed to Tahiti.可知Mau对Tahiti并不熟悉。
18　C　Mau不用罗盘或海图航行只是为了证明古人在没有现代设施的情况下也能进行航行，并未提到他能否买得起这些设备。
19　A　第三段第一句：His grandfather began the task of teaching him how to navigate when he was still a baby.
20　A　第三段第三句：Later, Mau used a circle of stones to memorise the positions of the stars.可得出题干中的说法是正确的。
21　C　文中没有提到夏威夷早期居民能否读写。
22　B　最后一段最后一句：…he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done. Mau并不指望学生能立刻记住所有的东西。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23　F　第一段讲述的是交通拥堵是全世界的一个大问题。
24　A　第二段讲述了控制交通量的一个方法，即对在某个时间进人某个区域的车辆征收费用。
25　C　第三段讲述的是另一个控制交通量的方法，即实行灵活上班时间，允许雇员避开交通高峰出行。
26　B　第四段讲述的是部分城市规划者认为应该建造更多的公路，不过这种方法并不会减少交通量，而是能容纳更多的车辆。
27　C　第一段最后第一句：While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.由此可知人们认为开车比较方便。
28　E　第二段第二句：In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.由此可知答案为E。
29　A　第四段第二句：But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road…由此可知建造更多公路并不能减少交通堵塞。
30　B　第五段第二句：For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $ 7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies.美国政府决定增加公共交通投人。由此可知答案为B。

第4部分：阅读理解
31　B　第一段第三句：Their main aim was to study the badgers' movements and behaviour as screetly（谨慎地）as possible.可推断出此次调查的目的是了解獾的习性。
32　C　第二段讲述了Khama对獾的评价，即它们有很强的好奇心。
32　C　由第三段可知，獾对当地的西瓜很感兴趣，到水分。獾通常会吃它们所能抓到的任何动物獾会组成松散的家庭，因此可排除D项。
34　B　第四段讲了雄性獾的特征，它们能在短时间内行进很长的距离，因此B项正确。它们乐意同其他雄性獾分享领地，因此C错误。文中并没有提到它们在好斗性方面同雌性獾的区别，因此排除D项。
35　A　最后一段第一句：As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the chance to get up close to them without being the subject of the animals’ curiosity - or their sudden aggression.獾在习惯人的存在之后兴趣就不那么浓厚了。
36　A　第二段第二句：In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.传统农业经济中，孩子多对家庭有利。
37　B　第二段第六句：Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.工业化国家的出生率通常比较低。
38　C　第二段讲到意大利的情况。第二次世界大战后，意大利经济快速发展，同时出生率也逐渐下降，在20世纪末成为世界最低。
39　B　文章开始说到，通常经济发达的国家出生率低，但沙特阿拉伯是人均收人最高的国家之一，但出生率也很高，然后引出了影响出生率的其他原因。因此，提到沙特阿拉伯是为了说明除经济因素外其他影响出生率的因素。
40　D　最后一段第四句和第五句：This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil. In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.政府在努力提高女性地位。
41　C　第一段讲到，许多著名设计师都在大肆宣扬他们以低于成本价的价格卖了多少件衣服，后面又引用了几位设计师的话，说他们不会从服装设计上赚任何钱，因此第一段的主题是高级定制女装设计师们宣称自己在亏损。
42　A　第二段第二句的开头是：Outraged that he was losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds,……说明Jean-Louis对自己的亏损很生气。其他三项中所提到的事文中并未提及。
43　D　第二段倒数第二句：A fair price would have been￡ 50,000,but the couturier could only get￡35, 000 for it.说明服装的价格应该更高，可实际卖不到那么多钱。
44　A　第四段第二句、第三句：On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesn't change. On the other are those who say it will die if it does.人们是在为定制女装的未来争论。
45　A　此题通过文章的标题和正文的讨论便可判断作者的态度有些讽刺的意味。

第5部分：补全短文
46　C　第一段主要讲述研究显示蟾蜍会患关节炎。前面的句子讲跳得快的蟾蜍可能体型更大并且腿更长，然后话锋一转，说这种优势也有一个大弊端，那就是体型大的蟾蜍更容易患关节炎。
47　E　前文讲述澳大利亚的蟾蜍过多影响了生态平衡，后面讲的是人们尝试消灭蟾蜍但失败了，因此填入的句子应该是关于消灭蟾蜍的。
48　A　前文讲到蟾蜍的适应性极强，什么都能吃，而它的天敌却因为它的毒性而死亡了，因此蟾蜍现在对澳大利亚的生态环境产生了极大影响。
49　F　要填人的句子后面有but，说明是转折，后面讲的是速度和力量带来的负面影响，而前文则应该是讲它的优点，因此F项人选。
50　D　前文讲蟾蜍在实验室内越跳越慢，后文讲在野外蟾蜍习惯于跳跃，即使疼痛也要尽量跳得快。D项讲的是在野外蟾蜍的跳跃速度不会越来越慢，符合题义。

第6部分：完形填空
51　D　许多人被回顾往事这一想法吸引了。
52　A　investigate“调查”。原文意思是查看自己的家族史。
53　C　find out“找出”。
54　B　with a ... history“有一个……样的历史”，为固定搭配。
55　D　go through a book“浏览一本书”。
56　A　make the decision“做决定”，为固定搭配。
57　B　carry out a research“做调查”。
58　C　in a…way“以某种方式”。
59　C　它可能给你带来很多问题，而如果事先有一点计划的话，这些问题本可以避免。
60　D　that引导宾语从句。
61　A　take over“接管，接替，取代”，句子意思是不要让这样的想法干扰了你的研究。
62　B　possibility“可能性”，因为你有了一个亲戚是名人，也就意味着你也有可能成为一位名人，这是一种可能性。其他三个选项都不能搭配。
63　D　to start with“开始某件事”，句子意思是：开始的时候，一个简单些的收集和储藏信息的模式更为合适。
64　B　get in one's way“挡路”，为固定搭配。
65　A　句子意思是：谁能知道你会发现什么呢？