4)the admission system in US univerisities: The general standards for admission include successl completion of high school(高中毕业), high school grade point average(GPA)( 高中年纪平均积分点成绩) and class rank (在班级名次),results from standardized tests such as the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SIA)(学生技能测试) and American College Testing Program's(美国大学考试计划) examination. But some universities practise open admission(敞开招生): they admit all high school graduates and all residents of the state(州内所有居民) 。

大学的入学体系：入学的普遍标准包括中学的顺利毕业，GPA，班级名次，标准化测验的成绩就像SAT和ACTP。但是一些大学也实行开放式入学：他们允许所有中学毕业生或所有本州的所有居民。

The role of the community college:①they prepare students for transferring to a BA program at a four-year institution. ②they provide vocational training;③they give remedial instruction(补习课) to students. ④they offer recreational, cultural activities for adults. ⑤they absorb students in a four-year program who are not qualified into a lower-status vocational program.

社会学院的作用：1.为学生攻读4年制院校学士学位做准备；2.提供职业培训；3.补习指导；4.为成人提供文化娱乐活动；5.将不适应4年制学习的学生吸收到较低一级的职业培训中。

5) Adult education

some colleges and universities offer "continuing education" program of associate degrees, graduate studies or professional development.under such system,a worker may continue his study even on a part-time basis.一些学院和大学提供继续教育,授予准学士学位，研究生课程或专业培训。在这样的体制下，工人可以在业余时间继续其学业。

6)Education reform in the 1980s and early 1990s.教育改革

①"a Nation At Risk" report in 1983 put forward five proposals(P.328) to improve American education;the education reforms had two focuses: the raising of the standards of teaching and learning; the restructuring of the schools.1983年，一篇名为〈处于危机中的国家〉的报道，提出了5条建议改善美国的教育；教育改革有两个重点：提高教学水平，调整学校结构。

②in 1991,President Bush issued his plan "America 2000: An Education Strategy". It set six goals(P.330) and put forward a series of proposals to help carry out some of the goals.
1991年，布什总统公布了他的〈2000年的美国：一项教育策略〉计划。确定了6个目标和有效达到这一目标的一系列建议。