语法练习

1.Living in the western part of the country has its problems, ___ obtaininf fresh water is not the least.
A.with which
B.of which
C.for which

D.which

2.Tom would rather Ruth ___ the party yesterday evening.
A.did not attend
B.wouldn't attend
C.not to attend

D.had not attend

3.For nearly two hours we waited for the decision, only ___ to come again the next day.
A.being told
B.we were told
C.to be told

D.were told

4.He ___ to Beijing. I saw him only a while ago.
A.cannot have gone
B.might not have gone
C.couldn't go

D.must not have gone

5.He ___ die of hunger than beg in the street.
A.had better
B.prefers
C.might as well

D.would rather

答案详解

1.[B]【解析】“介词+which”引导的非限定性定语从句的用法。根据句意以及句子结构可以看出problems后面是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词problems是复数，因此“obtaining fresh water”只是其中之一，从句应该由“of which”来引导，“of”表示整体与个体的关系，其他介词不适合此用法，引导词“which”指代problems。因此，B项为正确答案。句意：生活在那个国家的西部有很多问题，其中获取淡水就不是一个小问题。

2.[D]【解析】虚拟语气。“would rather”表示主观意愿或婉转的责备，它后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，动词用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成式表示过去的情况。同样用法的短语还有“had rather，would as soon，would sooner，would prefer”。因此，D项为正确答案。句意：汤姆宁愿露丝昨天晚上没有去参加晚会。

3.[C]【解析】动词不定式做结果状语的用法。句中“only+动词不定式”常常表示令人沮丧的结果。与“to be hold”同样用法的介词还有“learn，find，see，hear，make”。根据句意，只有C项是正确答案。句意：我们花了近两个小时等决定，结果却被告知第二天再来。

4.[A]【解析】情态动词。can/could表示揣测、怀疑的态度，一般用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句。“can/could+have+过去分词”表示对已发生的事情的揣测，can比could更肯定；may/might表示揣测，一般用于肯定句，may比might更肯定；must表示比较肯定的揣测，只用于肯定句中，语气比may肯定得多。因此根据句意本题只能选A项。句意：他不可能去北京了，刚刚我还见到他。

5.[D]【解析】动词不定式在“would rather...than...”结构中的用法。had better do...表示“最好做某事”，prefer一般用在“prefer to do...rather than do...”结构中，表示“与其……不如……”，might as well do...表示“不妨，最好”，would rather do...than do...也可以写成would do...rather than do...，表示“宁愿/宁可……也不……”，表示二者取其一，同样用法的结构还有would as soon do...as do...，would sooner do...than do...。根据句子的意义，应该用D项。句意：他宁愿饿死也不愿意沿街乞讨。