The difference was that Burgess and Maclean were from the upper middle class and Cambridge, the nurseries of British administration.

然而，伯格斯和麦克林却不同，他们出身于上流阶级，而且毕业于有着"政治家摇篮"之称的剑桥大学。

Previously it might have been assumed that the public school training would guarantee those subtly distinguished loyalties to house and school,

在这之前，人们毫不怀疑，从公学走出去的人，都是非常忠于国家的人。

and during the war the British government had saved itself the laborious and expensive surveillance of personnel that had been required in the less trusting United States.

而且在战争时期，英国政府没有采取美国那种"怀疑一切"的管制政策，节省了大量的人力资源。

But now, bafflingly, the public school code had been broken, and something new had to be done.

但是现在，人们困惑了，公学的信誉破产了，必须要采取一些新的手段了。

The form taken by the new procedures was not, however, entirely the result of the Red Queen's flight.

然而这些新的手段，并不完全基于红皇后的经验，

It was an aspect of the managerial revolution, overtaking the legacy of more aristocratic government, and also a reflection of the American alliance.

它不但摆脱了贵族统治的后遗症，而且充分体现了英国与美国的结盟关系。