(单词翻译:单击)
Long-term use of antibiotics increases the risk later in life of developing colon polyps, often a precursor of bowel cancer, researchers said Wednesday. The findings, published in the journal Gut, boost evidence that the digestive tract's complex network of bacteria may play a key role in cancer emergence.
研究人员于周三说道，长期服用抗生素会增加以后患结肠息肉的风险，这往往是肠癌的前兆。发表在《消化道》（Gut）期刊上的研究结果证明：消化道细菌的复杂网络可能在癌症出现中起着重要作用。
Earlier research has linked antibiotic use to developing bowel cancer but the potential association with these abnormal growths had not been explored. To find out more, Andrew Chan of the Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston combed through health records for 16,642 women who were 60 or older in 2004.
早期研究表明服用抗生素与患肠癌之间存在联系，但并未探索服用抗生素与息肉异常生长的潜在关系。2004年，为了解更多信息，波士顿马萨诸塞州总医院的陈志辉梳理了16642名60岁或60岁以上女性的健康记录。
The women were enrolled in the Nurses Health Study, which has been following the health of 121,700 nurses in the United States since 1976. The nurses' medications are included in the monitoring. The women examined in the new study had had at least one colonoscopy between 2004 and 2010. During that period, 1,195 cases of polyps were diagnosed.
这些女性参加了护士健康研究，这项研究自1976年以来一直都在关注美国121700位护士的健康。护士服用的药物也被列入监测范围。在2004至2010年间，新研究中检查的这些女性至少进行了一次结肠镜检查。在这个时间段，1195人被确诊长了息肉。
The researchers found an increased risk of polyps among women who had taken antibiotics for a total of two months or more over a two-decade span. Women who did so in their 20s and 30s had a 36-percent greater chance of polyps forming compared to counterparts who did not extensively use antibiotics.
研究人员发现：在20年的时间内，那些服用抗生素总时长达两个月或以上的女性，更容易长息肉。相比没有大量服用抗生素的女性，那些在二三十岁大量服用的女性，她们患息肉的风险增加了36%。
The risk jumped by 70 percent in women who took antibiotics for at least two months while they were in their 40s and 50s. "Long-term antibiotic use in early-to-middle adulthood was associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma," the study said, using the technical term for polyps.
而四五十多岁的女性，若她们服用抗生素的时长超过两个月，那患息肉的风险则增加了70%。该研究说道，"中青年妇女长期服用抗生素会导致患结直肠腺瘤的风险增加，"结直肠腺瘤是息肉的术语。
The study was not based on a controlled experiment, so the evidence that antibiotics somehow lead to the appearance of polyps remains circumstantial, the researchers noted. But there is a plausible explanation for how this might happen, they added.
研究人员指出，该研究并不是基于对照实验进行的，所以抗生素会以某种方式导致息肉的证据依然是间接的。但他们补充说，这一现象的发生是有合理解释的。
Antibiotics fundamentally alter the population of bacteria in the digestive tract -- the microbiome -- by killing some germs and reducing the population of others. Even when they work as intended by eliminating a disease-causing bug, antibiotics also reduce the gut's resistance to other "hostile" bacteria. This disruption of the natural balance of bacteria, earlier work has shown, is common in patients with bowel cancer.
通过杀死细菌并减少其它细菌的滋生，抗生素从根本上改变了消化道内的细菌群体--微生物菌群。即使抗生素能消除致病的蠕虫，但它同时也降低了肠道对其它有害细菌的抵抗力。早期的研究表明，细菌自然平衡的破坏在肠癌患者中十分常见。
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