The statue of Liberty, Leaning Tower of Pisa, Eiffel Tower, Munch's The Scream, and Sphinx of Egypt are all well-known works of art. However, they have some really intriguing facts that have slipped under the radar of pop culture. Whether they're things that disappeared years ago or things that have been hiding in plain sight the whole time, there are plenty of things that we never hear about great works of art.
自由女神像、比萨斜塔、埃菲尔铁塔、蒙克的《呐喊》，和埃及的狮身人面像，都是著名的艺术杰作。然而，它们都有一些超脱于流行文化嗅觉范畴之外引人入胜的真相。无论是已消失多年，还是自始至终隐匿于普通视线之外，有许多关于伟大艺术作品的事，我们闻所未闻。

10.The Eiffel Tower's Secret Room
10.埃菲尔铁塔的神秘房间

The Eiffel Tower has a secret apartment hidden within its highest level. The apartment is owned by Gustave Eiffel—the engineer who designed the tower. In 1890, the year after the Eiffel Tower was opened, French writer Henri Girard, stated that Gustave Eiffel was an "object of general envy" among the citizens of Paris.
埃菲尔铁塔有个秘密的公寓藏匿于塔的最高一层。这个房间属于设计该塔的工程师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔所有。1890年，埃菲尔铁塔开放之后，法国作家亨利·吉拉德（Henri Girard）曾说过，古斯塔夫·埃菲尔是巴黎市民"普遍羡慕的对象"。
This envy, according to Girard, was inspired not by the fame that Gustave gained as the creator of the tower, or the fortune the tower generated, but from the apartment he owned at the tower's top. This apartment, which only Eiffel had access to, played host to many important visitors; prominent among them was Thomas Edison. Eiffel reportedly received several substantial offers for a single night in the apartment.The apartment, which had remained closed for several years, was recently opened to the public. Today, it contains mannequins of Eiffel and Edison. The lifelike wax models depicted the scene where Eiffel and his daughter Claire welcomed Edison. Also engraved on the Eiffel Tower are the names of the 72 scientists and engineers that designed it.
据吉拉德所言，这种羡慕不仅源于古斯塔夫作为塔的缔造者所获得的名誉或财富，也源于他在塔顶所拥有的公寓。这间公寓只有埃菲尔能进入，已接待过很多贵宾，其中就包括托马斯·爱迪生。据报道，埃菲尔曾一个晚上就在公寓里接受过好几个重要邀约。这间公寓在关闭了几年后，于近期向公众开放了。如今，里面有埃菲尔和爱迪生的模型。这些逼真的蜡像模型勾勒出埃菲尔和他女儿克莱尔迎接爱迪生的场景。埃菲尔铁塔上还刻有72名设计它的科学家及工程师的名字。

9.The Inspiration Behind The Scream
9.《呐喊》背后的灵感

Edvard Munch's The Scream is one of the most iconic paintings of the 20th century—so iconic it was elaborately stolen more than once. According to Munch, The Scream was inspired the day he was walking with his friends and saw that "the sky turned as red as blood," before feeling incredibly tired and hearing an "enormous infinite scream of nature." For years Munch's inspiration was thought to be imagined until it was recently discovered that the sky that day probably actually was red that day as a result of the 1883 eruption of Krakatoa in Indonesia.
爱德华·蒙克的《呐喊》是20世纪最具标志性的画作之一，它被精心策划地盗窃犯盗走过不止一次。据蒙克所说，一天他和他的朋友走在路上，当看到"天空变得血红"时他感到难以置信的疲倦，同时听到一声"来自大自然界的巨大尖叫声"。多年来，蒙克的灵感被认为是想象出来的，直到最近才被揭秘，1883年印度尼西亚的喀拉喀托火山爆发，那一日的天空可能的确是红色的。
The volcano's impact was felt as far as New York where the sky was reported to be "crimsoned." This same impact was felt in Munch's town two days later with the town newspaper stating that "People believed it was a fire: but it was actually a red refraction in the hazy atmosphere after sunset."While the terrifying scream in Munch's painting was imagined, the sky was probably not.
火山的冲击力波及到了纽约，据报道纽约的天是"深红色的"。两天后，蒙克所在的小镇感觉到了同样的冲击力，镇上的报纸称，"人们以为那是一团火：但实际上那是日落后在朦胧的空气中反射出的红色。"也许孟克的画里那可怕的尖叫声是想象出来的，而天空应该不是想象出来的吧。

8.The Leaning Tower Of Pisa's Unknown Architect
8.比萨斜塔的匿名建筑师

Also known as Torre Pendente di Pisa, the Leaning Tower of Pisa doubles as both a monument and a mystery. While the reason for its rather distinctive leaning is well-known (it has a weak foundation), no one knows who designed it.
比萨斜塔在意大利语里也叫做Torre Pendente di Pisa,既是一座纪念碑也是一个奇迹。尽管，它与众不同的倾斜原因尽人皆知（它的地基不牢），而它的设计者却名不见经传。
The Tower was originally meant to be a stand-alone bell tower (or campanile) for the city of Pisa's cathedral. Such towers were common in 10th-century Italy as they were believed to symbolize how powerful and wealthy the town was. The leaning tower of Pisa, however, was built to attract people to the cathedral in Pisa.The major reason why no one knows who designed the tower is because the tower took almost 200 years to complete. Historians used to think the tower was designed by Bonanno Pisano, but this is disputed. An architect named Diotisalvi is seen as the more likely person to have designed the tower because he designed the city's baptistery and the San Nicola Bell Tower.
最初，塔是为比萨市的天主教堂而建造的一个独立钟楼（亦称独立钟塔）。这种塔在10世纪的意大利很普遍，它们被认为是所在镇子的权力与财富的象征。然而，建造比萨斜塔是为了吸引人们来到天主教堂。无人知晓塔的设计者，主要是因为塔的建造完成几乎花费了二百年。历史学家们曾认为，塔是由博南诺·皮萨诺设计的，但这一观点是有争议的。因设计了城市的洗礼堂和圣尼古拉钟楼，一位名为迪奥提莎维的人被认为最有可能是比萨斜塔的设计者。

7.The Chain At The Foot Of The Statue Of Liberty
7.自由女神像脚下的锁链

In 2011, when asked what the Statue of Liberty symbolized, former Governor of Alaska Sarah Palin said, "It is, of course, the symbol for Americans to be reminded of other countries because this was gifted us, of course, by the French—other countries warning us to never make the mistakes that some of them had made." Unfortunately, Sarah Palin was totally wrong, as she stated the exact opposite of what Lady Liberty represents. And just like Palin, many people do not know of the statue's connection to slavery.
2011年，当被问及自由女神像象征什么，阿拉斯加州前州长莎拉·帕丁说，"她当然是作为美国人的象征而被别国的人们所记起，她当然象征着拜法国人的赐予——警醒着我们永远不要重蹈他们的覆辙。不幸的是，莎拉·帕丁完全错了，她所说的与自由女神所代表的真正含义恰恰相反。和帕丁一样，许多人并不知道这座雕像与奴隶制的关联。
Edouard de Laboulaye, a famous French politician and abolitionist, is the man behind the Statue of Liberty. He was a firm backer of President Lincoln, who was fighting for the abolition of slavery. The statue was not a gift to warn the United States as Palin had stated. Instead, it was a gift to honor and celebrate freedom, democracy, and the end of all forms of servitude. That is why Lady Liberty has a broken chain at her foot. The chain is usually invisible to tourists because it is beneath her robe by the side of her left foot and can only be seen from the top.
著名的法国政治家和废奴主义者爱德华·德·拉布莱伊才是站在自由女神像背后的人。他是为废奴而斗争的林肯总统的铁杠支持者。这座雕像不像帕丁所说的是警醒美国的礼物，相反地，它是庆祝自由、民主和所有奴役的终结，并以之为荣的礼物。这便是自由女神的脚下有条断链的原因。由于断链位于女神的左脚边，被袍子覆盖着，所以通常情况下游客是看不见的，只有从顶端才能发现。

6.The Sphinx's Missing Beard
6.狮身人面像遗失的胡须

The Sphinx was not originally constructed with a beard. Instead, it was attached long after it was constructed. It was added probably to relate the Sphinx with Horemakhet—one of the Egyptian gods. It may also have been intended for the Sphinx take after the Egyptian pharaohs, who often wore artificial beards as a symbol of authority, and to associate them with the god Osiris.
狮身人面像在最初建造时并没有胡须，而是建好后粘上去的，有可能是为了把狮身人面像与埃及神之一赫鲁埃姆阿克特神联系起来，也可能是想让狮身人面像仿效经常戴着象征权威的假胡子的埃及法老，并将他们与奥西里斯(古埃及神话中的地狱判官)联系起来。
One-thirtieth of the beard is currently in the British museum. It was presented to the museum by the Italian Egyptologist Giovanni Caviglia, who excavated parts of the Sphinx in 1817, when it was almost completely covered in sand. Several other parts of the Sphinx's beard were also found between 1925 and 1926 when sand was excavated from the Sphinx again.
胡须的三十分之一目前陈列在大英博物馆。它是意大利的埃及古物学家乔瓦尼·卡维利亚提供给博物馆的，他于1817年将完全掩埋在沙子里的狮身人面像部分挖掘出来。狮身人面像胡须的其他部分也在1925年到1926年间被找到，当时沙子已再次覆盖了狮身人面像。

翻译：猪立叶 来源：前十网