Shen Nong and Huang Di were the representatives of the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors.
在“三皇五帝”中最具有代表性的部落联盟领袖是神农和黄帝。
Shen Nong, also called Yan Di, lived in the Jiang River valley and his surname was Jiang.
神农又称炎帝，居于姜水流域，以姜为姓。
He is credited with the invention of farming and medication. He invented the wooden plow and taught people the art of agriculture. By experimenting with various plants, he discovered medicinal herbs and taught people how to treat diseases.
他是农业生产和医药的发明者，用木制作耒耜,教人民耕种;又曾尝百草，发现药材，教人治病。
Huang Di , also called Xuan Yuan or You Xiong, lived in the Ji River valley, and his surname was Ji.
黄帝又称轩辕氏、有熊氏，居于姬水流域，以姬为姓。
He is resourceful in invention as well as in war and is credited with the invention of many things, like carts and boats, clothes, houses, writing, and silkworm breeding and silk weaving.
他不但在军事上足智多谋，而且还是个伟大的发明家。人们认为车船、衣服、房子、文字、养蚕织布等都是他发明的。
Wars urged the mixture and the assimilation of different tribes and eventually formed a tribal alliance of Huang Di and Yan Di ； Huang Di became the chief.
各部落联盟之间的战争催化了部落之间的融合，最终形成了中原地区炎帝、黄帝两大部落联盟的统一，黄帝成为最高领袖。
Tradition has it that Chinese civilization originates from the era of Huang Di and Yan Di，for they are the ancestors of Chinese people，that is why the Chinese call themselves the descendants of Yan and Huang.
传说中国文明起源于炎帝和黄帝时代,因此“炎帝、 黄帝”被奉为中华民族的祖先，这就是现在中国人自称是炎黄子孙的由来。
Huang Di has been immortalized by the famous battle of Zhu Lu, where he used a compass to locate his chief enemy Chi You and defeated him. Chi You was killed in the battle, and this victory is believed to have prepared the way for a permanent Chinese settlement in the Middle Kingdom.
黄帝因涿鹿之战而名垂千古。在作战过程中，他用指南针找到了敌军的首领蚩尤，并击败他，后蚩尤被杀。这场战争的胜利为中华民族定居中原铺平了道路。
Abdication ： Hundreds of years after Sheng Nong and Huang Di, it is the period of Abdication in Chinese history.
部落联盟领袖的禅让制度:神农、黄帝时代数百年之后，是中国历史上的“禅让时代”。
At that time, Yao, the chief of the tribal alliance on the central plain, was old, and he selected Shun as his successor after a careful observation. With the consent of all chieftains, Shun was placed to the throne.
当时中原地区部落联盟领袖尧已年老,经过慎重考察，选择舜为继承人，四岳十二牧(部落领袖）同意，尧将部落联盟领袖职务传位给舜。
Following suit, Shun passed the throne to Yu.
舜老，又得四岳十二牧同意，传位给禹。
Abdication is the traditional election system in the time of tribal commune, historically called the Age of Abdication.
这种职位禅让的做法乃是氏族公社选举制的传统，史称“禅让时代”。