5.Black Mamba
5.黑曼巴蛇
The feared Black Mamba is found throughout many parts of the African continent. They are known to be highly aggressive, and strike with deadly precision. They are also the fastest land snake in the world, capable of reaching speeds of up to 20km/h. These fearsome snakes can strike up to 12 times in a row. A single bite is capable of killing anywhere from 10-25 adults. The venom is a fast acting neurotoxin. Its bite delivers about 100–120 mg of venom, on average; however, it can deliver up to 400 mg. If the venom reaches a vein, 0.25 mg/kg is sufficient to kill a human in 50% of cases. The initial symptom of the bite is local pain in the bite area, although not as severe as snakes with hemotoxins. The victim then experiences a tingling sensation in the mouth and extremities, double vision, tunnel vision, severe confusion, fever, excessive salivation (including foaming of the mouth and nose) and pronounced ataxia (lack of muscle control). If the victim does not receive medical attention, symptoms rapidly progress to severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, pallor, shock, nephrotoxicity, cardio toxicity and paralysis. Eventually, the victim experiences convulsions, respiratory arrest, coma and then death. Without antivenin, the mortality rate is nearly 100%, among the highest of all venomous snakes. Depending on the nature of the bite, death can result at any time between 15 minutes and 3 hours.
恐怖的黑曼巴蛇分布在非洲大陆的许多地方。它们因攻击性强和致命精准的攻击而著名。它们也是世界上移动速度最快的陆地蛇，能够达到20千米/小时。这些可怕的蛇可以连续发起12次攻击。黑曼巴蛇每口分泌的毒液可以杀死10到25任何数量的成年人。黑曼巴蛇分泌的毒液是一种快速的神经毒素。它每口平均分泌约100 ～ 120毫克的毒液；然而，它每口最多可以分泌400毫克毒液。如果毒素达到静脉，在50%的情况下，0.25毫克/千克足以杀死一个人。被咬伤最初症状是局部疼痛，尽管没有与含有血毒素的蛇咬伤那么剧烈。然后中毒者会出现嘴和四肢发麻、复视、管状视、严重神经错乱、发烧、过度流涎症（包括嘴和鼻子起泡）和明显的共济失调（因肌肉停止运作而发生）。如果中毒者没有得到医疗治疗，那么症状会迅速发展为严重腹痛、恶心、呕吐、苍白、休克、肾毒性、心脏毒性和瘫痪。最终，中毒者会出现抽搐、呼吸停止，昏迷然后死亡。没有抗蛇毒血清，由黑曼巴蛇造成的死亡率几乎达到100%，是所有毒蛇中死亡率最高的。根据被咬的伤的性质，在15分钟和3个小时之间死亡随时会发生。

4.Taipan
4.太攀蛇

Another entry from Australia, the venom in a Taipan is strong enough to kill up to 12,000 guinea pigs. The venom clots the victim's blood, blocking arteries or veins. It is also highly neurotoxic. Before the advent of an antivenin, there are no known survivors of a Taipan bite, and death typically occurs within an hour. Even with successful administration of antivenin, most victims will have an extensive stay in intensive care. It has been likened to the African Black Mamba in morphology, ecology and behavior.
另一种来自澳大利亚的蛇太攀蛇，它的毒液足以杀死12000只豚鼠。毒液凝结中毒者的血液，从而阻塞动脉或静脉。这种毒液也是高度神经毒素。抗蛇毒血清发明之前，还没有从太攀蛇咬伤下已知的幸存者，死亡通常发生在咬伤后一个小时内。即使成功注射抗蛇毒血清，大多数中毒者将会待在重症监护室很长一段时间。太攀蛇在形态学、生态学和行为上与非洲黑曼巴相似。

3.Blue Krait
3.蓝色金环蛇

The Malayan or Blue Krait is, by far, the most deadly of this species. Found throughout South East Asia and Indonesia, 50% of bites from the deadly Blue Krait are fatal, even with the administration of antivenin. Kraits hunt and kill other snakes, even cannibalizing other Kraits. They are a nocturnal breed, and are more aggressive under the cover of darkness. However, overall they are quite timid and will often attempt to hide rather than fight. The venom is a neurotoxin, 16 times more potent than that of a Cobra. It quickly induces muscle paralysis by preventing the ability of nerve endings to properly release the chemical that sends the message to the next nerve. This is followed by a period of massive over excitation (cramps, tremors, spasms), which finally tails off to paralysis. Fortunately, bites from Kraits are rare due to their nocturnal nature. Before the development of antivenin, the fatality rate was a whopping 85%. Even if antivenin is administered in time, you are far from assured survival. Death usually occurs within 6-12 hours of a Krait bite. Even if patients make it to a hospital, permanent coma and even brain death from hypoxia may occur, given potentially long transport times to get medical care.
到目前为止，马来环蛇或蓝色金环蛇是环蛇属中最致命的种类。蓝色金环蛇分布在整个东南亚和印尼，被致命的蓝色金环蛇咬伤，即使注射了抗蛇毒血清，仍有50%的人可能会死亡。蓝色金环蛇猎杀其他蛇类，甚至会吃掉其他种类的金环蛇。他们是夜行性动物，在夜幕的掩护下会更加活跃。然而，总体来说他们很胆小，常常会试图躲藏，而不是战斗。蓝色金环蛇分泌的毒液是一种神经毒素，比眼镜蛇毒液的16倍更毒。毒液通过阻止神经末梢妥善释放将消息传送到下一个神经的化学物质，从而迅速导致肌肉瘫痪。紧随其后的是一段时间的过度兴奋（抽筋、颤抖、痉挛），最终逐渐瘫痪。幸运的是，由于他们在夜间活动的习性，所以被金环蛇咬伤十分罕见。在抗蛇毒血清未被发明之前，由金环蛇造成的死亡率高达85%。即使及时注射了抗蛇毒血清，也不能确保你的安全。中毒者通常在被金环蛇咬伤后6 ～ 12小时内死亡。即使病人被送去医院，也可能会出现永久性昏迷，甚至可能出现大脑因缺氧死亡，因为要通过长时间的运输才能得到医疗护理。

2.Eastern Brown Snake
2.东部棕蛇

Don't let the innocuous name of this snake fool you, 1/14,000 of an ounce of its venom is enough to kill an adult human. Coming in a variety of species, the Eastern Brown snake is the most venomous. Unfortunately, its preferred habitat is also along the major population centers of Australia. The Brown snake is fast moving, can be aggressive under certain circumstances and has been known to chase aggressors and repeatedly strike at them. Even juveniles can kill a human. The venom contains both neurotoxins and blood coagulants. Fortunately for humans, less than half of bites contain venom and they prefer not to bite if at all possible. They react only to movement, so stand very still if you ever encounter one in the wild.
你不要被这种蛇无害的名字所欺骗，它毒液的1/14000盎司足以杀死一个成年人。在各种各样的种类中，东部棕蛇是最毒的。不幸的是，它的首选栖息地也在澳大利亚的主要人口中心。东部棕蛇行动迅速，在某些情况下它会变得十分活跃。众所周知，金环蛇善于追逐侵略者并对其发出反复攻击。甚至幼蛇也可以杀死一个人。东部棕蛇分泌的毒液含有神经毒素和血液凝结剂。对人们来说幸运的是，不到一半的咬伤含有毒液，因为如果可能的话他们并不愿意伤人。当它们遇到人时，他们的唯一反应是逃走，所以如果你在野外遇到一条东部棕蛇，你最好站着不动。

1.Fierce Snake or Inland Taipan
1.内陆太攀蛇

While I did say that I would not include multiple sub-species in this list, the incredible Inland Taipan deserves a spot of its own. It has the most toxic venom of any land snake in the world. The maximum yield recorded for one bite is 110mg, enough to kill about 100 humans, or 250,000 mice! With an LD/50 of 0.03mg/kg, it is 10 times as venomous as the Mojave Rattlesnake, and 50 times more than the common Cobra. Fortunately, the Inland Taipan is not particularly aggressive and is rarely encountered by humans in the wild. No fatalities have ever been recorded, though it could potentially kill an adult human within 45 minutes.
当我说，我不会在这个排行榜中包括多个亚种时，令人难以置信的是，内陆太攀蛇却拥有一席之地。内陆太攀蛇拥有世界上任何陆地蛇中最毒的毒液。每口分泌毒液最高记录是110毫克，足以杀死约100人，或250000只老鼠！ 0.03毫克/千克含有LD / 50，是莫哈维响尾蛇毒性的10倍，是常见眼镜蛇毒性的50倍以上。幸运的是，内陆太攀蛇并不是特别活跃，所以人类在野外很少遇到。由内陆太攀蛇造成的死亡率没有被记录过，尽管它极可能会在45分钟内杀死一个成年人。

翻译:程好 来源：前十网