Do you remember the 1980s? It was a decade of big hair, neon-bright clothing and consumerism. A new television network called Music Television, or MTV, launched early in the decade and gave rise to the popularity of music videos. By the end of the 1980s, global politics would change forever as the Berlin Wall fell. During the decade, inventors created some cool devices.
还记得上世纪80年代吗？那是一个崇尚大卷发，亮闪闪酷炫服饰以及享乐至上的时代。新的电视网络——音乐电视，或是MTV（音乐电视频道）的出现，带动起一股音乐录像带的潮流。到了80年代末，随着柏林墙的倒塌，全球的政治局面发生了根本性的变革。也就是在那10年间，发明者们创造出了一些酷炫的设备。
This list could easily hold frivolous and quirky inventions -- there was no shortage of odd products in the 1980s. For example, there was the DeLorean DMC-12 sports car. The vehicle was a strange one -- journalists who took it on road tests reported that it handled poorly, didn't accelerate as quickly as other sports cars and wasn't particularly fast. The car had a distinctive look with its stainless steel panels and gull-wing doors, but it seemed doomed to obscurity. But then a little film called "Back to the Future" came out and propelled the DeLorean to new fame. It joined the ranks of other beloved time machines like the Doctor's TARDIS and Bill and Ted's phone booth.
接下来要介绍的这一榜单简单列举了一些琐屑无聊又稀奇古怪的发明，其实80年代根本就不缺乏这样光怪陆离的产品。例如德劳瑞恩跑车（Delorean DMC12). 这是一部很奇怪的车，那些测试这部车的记者们声称道这部车的操作系统很槽糕，加速起来并不像其他的跑车那样跑的很快，甚至跑起来是真的很不快。虽说这辆车的不锈钢的金属板以及鸥翼的门让它看起来是那么的与众不同，不过它依然像是注定不会为众人所知。然而之后一部《回到未来》的电影上映，又使得这部德劳瑞恩跑车名声大噪。它和《Doctor Who》（英国科幻电视剧）中的TARDIS时间飞船、《阿比阿弟的冒险》中可以穿越时空的电话亭一同晋升为大众心爱机器。
Now that we've cleansed the pallet with a goofy entry, let's get down to serious business.
我们已经清理掉了那些傻傻呆呆的发明创造，现在就让我们一本正经地切入主题吧！

10.Disposable Cameras
10.一次性照相机

Like contact lenses, cameras became a disposable commodity in the 1980s. Fujifilm invented the modern disposable camera in 1986 with the Utsurun-Desu, and other major photography companies like Kodak, Canon and Nikon quickly started manufacturing similar products. Buying a camera was no longer a hefty investment: Disposable cameras were cheap and extremely easy to use, perfect for shooting a specific occasion with one roll of film. A built-in flash eventually became the norm for disposable cameras, and some even used a pair of lenses to create a manual zoom.Disposable cameras didn't take over the photography market, but they absolutely cornered the tourism industry. Cheap throwaway cameras were perfect for traveling, easy to use and similarly easy to outfit with plastic cases for underwater shooting.The rise of digital photography spelled an end to the glory days of disposable cameras. With images saved to memory, rather than permanently captured on film, digital cameras introduced infinite re-usability into the camera world. Still, disposable cameras have their place -- they're great party favors, easy for kids to use, and won't set you back hundreds of dollars after an accidental dip in the ocean.
同隐形眼镜一样，相机也成为了20世纪80年代流行的一次性日用品。1986年，富士公司首次推出第一台一次性照相机——Utsurun-Desu，随后，其他许多大型摄影公司，像柯达、佳能或者是尼康等也相继推出了类似的产品。至此，买一台相机便不再是一项沉重的投资了。一次性照相机性价比很高，一卷胶卷就可以拍出相当完美的具体影像。内置的闪光灯成为了一次性照相机的标配，甚至有的相机还使用一组透镜，形成手动可变焦距镜头。虽然一次性照相机并没有考虑摄影市场，但他们却以绝对性的优势垄断了整个旅游行业。廉价的一次性相机对于旅行来说绝对是完美的配备，就连操作也十分便捷，简单的套一个塑料袋就可以进行水下摄影。数码相机的兴起终结了一次性照相机的黄金时代。图片可以记忆存储，而不是必须通过胶片才可以永恒保存，数码相机把可无限制重复使用的性能引入了相机领域。尽管如此，一次性照相机仍然保有他们的一席之地——它们也有依然热衷于它们的追随者，例如，对于孩子来说，还是一次性照相机使用起来更加方便，即便是不小心掉落海里，你也不会紧张那随海水飘去的好几百美元。

9.Nicotine Patch
9.尼古丁贴剂

Cigarettes are addictive and unhealthy. Who knew? Well, at one point in time, no one did. Smoking was considered glamorous and was accepted everywhere. Movie stars of the 1940s and 1950s smoked cigarettes in every scene. Even in the 1980s, smoking was still very common. But by then, some researchers were trying to figure out why cigarettes were addictive and looking for a way to break the habit.The most successful of those researchers was probably Dr. Murray E. Jarvik, who studied the effects of nicotine in the '60s and '70s and determined it was the addictive ingredient in tobacco. Jarvik and one of his students knew that tobacco harvesters often suffered from "green tobacco illness," a form of nicotine poisoning that resulted from skin contact with tobacco leaves, and began testing the dermal application of nicotine in 1984. And just like that, the nicotine patch was born.Well, almost. Jarvik's discovery led to a 1985 patent request from the University of California, but prescription nicotine patches didn't actually hit store shelves until 1992. A few years later, nicotine patches were available over the counter without a prescription, and ever since then, they've been helping smokers stamp out their cigarette habits.
烟草是容易让人上瘾，并且又不太健康的东西，不过真的有人知道吗？事实上，一度没有人知道这一事实。吸烟曾被认为是一项充满魅力的行为，且广受大众的接受与喜爱。20世纪40年代到50年代，电影明星们好像无时无刻都在抽烟。即使是到了80年代，吸烟仍然是一件司空见惯的事情。但是自那之后，一些研究者就想要试图弄清楚吸烟使人上瘾的根源所在，并开始着手寻找一些戒烟的方法。在那些研究者当中，最成功的恐怕要数贾维克博士（Dr Jarvik）了。他于60年代到70年代间一直从事于研究尼古丁对人的影响，并认为烟草中有使人上瘾的物质。贾维克同他的一个学生了解到，烟草收割者时常会受到烟草花叶病的干扰，而烟草花叶病的感染就是由于烟草叶与皮肤之间发生接触而形成的一种尼古丁毒素所致。1984年，贾维克他们开始测试人体皮肤上的尼古丁表皮施用。就这样，尼古丁贴剂诞生了。很好的是，1985年，贾维克的发明获得了美国加利福尼亚大学的专利，但直到1992年，处方药尼古丁贴剂才在各大药店处方柜销售。几年以后，尼古丁贴剂便可在非处方柜购买。自那之后，尼古丁贴剂便成为辅助吸烟者戒除烟瘾的工具之一。

8.Prozac
8.百忧解

Prescription drugs always come with a long, concerning list of side effects, and Prozac is no exception. That doesn't change the fact that Prozac, aka Fluoxetine, has helped millions of people deal with clinical depression since it first became available as a prescription medication in 1987. Fluoxetine's potential as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor was actually discovered in the 1970s, but the FDA didn't give the drug the go-ahead for an entire decade.Fluoxetine was discovered and patented by Eli Lilly and Company in the 1970s; after the FDA approved the drug in 1987, they began marketing it under the name Prozac. The drug became a successful and popular treatment for depression and obsessive compulsive disorder, allowing the brand name "Prozac" to become synonymous with antidepressants in the 1990s.Despite being so well-known, Prozac isn't the most-prescribed antidepressant in medicine: In the U.S., Sertraline and Citalopram are in higher demand than Fluoxetine. Even those suffering from depression who aren't prescribed Prozac may have benefited from the drug: The patent wore off in 2001, allowing generic Prozac alternatives to hit the market.
处方药副作用的列表总是很长，百忧解也不例外。自1987年百忧解第一次成为处方药开始，它就已经帮助几百万人缓解了临床忧郁症——这一事实无可否认。二十世纪七十年代，人们发现氟西汀可以作为一种选择性血清再摄取抑制剂。但是，整整十年，美国食品药品管理局都没有批准施用此药物。二十世纪七十年代，美国礼来公司（Eli Lilly）发现氟西汀，并获得了它的专利。1987年，美国食品药品管理局批准施用这个药物之后，他们便开始以“百忧解”的名称销售此药物。该药物成为治疗抑郁症和强迫症的良方，并迅速风靡。二十世纪九十年代之后，百忧解便成为抗抑郁药物的代名词。尽管百忧解这么有名，但在医学上，它并不是最好的抗抑郁处方药。在美国，舍曲林和西酞普兰的市场需求比百忧解还要高。只要那些患有抑郁症的人不遵医嘱吃处方药，百忧解就可以从这些病人当中受益，但2001年起，百忧解的专利失效，这让泛型百忧解的替代品有机会冲击药品市场。

审稿：省略珺 校对：CMX 来源：前十网