The midnight oil was burning Wednesday at the Hong Kong Monetary Authority--courtesy of its colleagues at the New York State Department of Financial Services, which announced a $300 million fine and new anti-money-laundering controls on UK bank Standard Chartered PLC .
纽约州金融服务部周二宣布，渣打集团有限公司(Standard Chartered PLC, 简称：渣打集团)将向该局支付3亿美元罚金，并采取措施纠正反洗钱程序中的漏洞。香港金融管理局(Hong Kong Monetary Authority, 简称：香港金管局)挑灯夜战，在周三凌晨发表声明做出回应。
What's that got to do with Hong Kong? The new settlement--the second set of penalties leveled by the New York regulator against Standard Chartered in two years--requires Standard Chartered to suspend U.S. dollar-clearing through its U.S. bank for what NYDFS calls 'high-risk retail business clients' of its Hong Kong branch.
这对香港有怎样的影响呢？根据新的和解协议，纽约州监管金融服务部要求渣打纽约分行暂时终止为渣打银行(香港)有限公司（简称：渣打香港）的部分小型企业客户提供美元结算服务。纽约州监管金融服务部将渣打香港的这类客户称为“高风险零售业务客户”。这是该监管机构两年内第二次对渣打采取惩罚措施。

Dollar clearing involves the conversion of payments on behalf of clients into U.S. dollars from a foreign currency, and is used in many types of transactions a bank might perform on behalf of its clients. A person familiar with the matter said that there is no set list of targeted Hong Kong firms, and that instead both sides have agreed on selection criteria for categories of problematic companies.
美元结算服务涉及代表企业客户把一种外币兑换成美元的支付服务，银行代表客户开展的许多交易类型都会用到美元结算服务。据一名知情人士透露，和解协议中没有目标香港企业客户的具体名单，不过关于哪些企业客户将被归为问题公司，双方在选择标准上达成了一致。
Put on the spot by this singling out of Hong Kong as a point of origin for dodgy transactions, HKMA emailed out two statements in the wee hours of the morning--the first at 1:55 AM Hong Kong time, and a supplementary statement at 2:51 AM--that read as the written equivalent of a shrug.
美国方面把香港视为可疑交易的源头，这让香港感到尴尬。香港金管局在凌晨时分通过电子邮件发表了两份声明（第一份是香港时间凌晨1:55发布的，凌晨2:51又发布了补充声明），从声明措辞来看，香港金管局对纽约州监管部门的这一做法表示失望。
In the first statement, HKMA wrote that while it had 'identified some areas for improvement,' in anti-money-laundering controls at Standard Chartered's Hong Kong branch, 'they are not issues that cause significant supervisory concerns.'
在第一份声明中，香港金管局写道，虽然发现渣打香港的反洗钱管控措施存在一些有待改善之处，但并不构成重大监管关注。
The second statement added that 'different jurisdictions face different money laundering and terrorist-financing threats' and that 'it is not the practice of regulators to asses/monitor banks' compliance with foreign [anti-money-laundering and counter financing of terrorism] requirements on behalf of overseas authorities.'
金管局的第二份声明称，不同地域面对洗钱及恐怖分子资金筹集的威胁未必相同，由本地监管机构评估/监察银行是否符合海外的打击洗钱及恐怖份子资金筹集法规要求并非惯常的做法。
That leaves readers guessing as to just how big a center for money laundering Hong Kong might be. The territory implemented a new anti-money laundering law in mid-2012, and the South China Morning Post reported in June that the HKMA's first investigations under the law are in progress.
这使读者不禁猜测香港到底会是一个多大的洗钱中心。香港在2012年实施了新的反洗钱法。据《南华早报》(South China Morning Post)今年6月份报道，香港金管局根据该法进行的首批调查已在进行当中。
Without clarity on exactly which clients are affected, it's also hard to determine what the actions mean for Standard Chartered--though Hong Kong is the bank's largest market, generating 20% of its operating income and 28% of its pretax profit in 2013, according to the group's annual report. Despite being based in London, Standard Chartered generates about 90% of its profits in Asia , the Middle East and Africa.
由于相关方面没有说明渣打的哪些客户会受到影响，目前还很难确定美国监管部门此举对渣打意味着什么。但香港是渣打的最大市场。该集团的年报显示，2013年渣打20%的营运利润和28%的税前利润来自香港市场。尽管总部位于伦敦，渣打约90%的利润来自亚洲、中东和非洲。