(单词翻译:单击)
名著阅读
She gave Florence her ready promise, about her new room, and said she would give directions about it herself. She then asked some questions concerning poor Paul; and when they had sat in conversation for some time, told Florence she had come to take her to her own home.
'We have come to London now, my mother and I,' said Edith, 'and you shall stay with us until I am married. I wish that we should know and trust each other, Florence.'
'You are very kind to me,' said Florence, 'dear Mama. How much I thank you!'
'Let me say now, for it may be the best opportunity,' continued Edith, looking round to see that they were quite alone, and speaking in a lower voice, 'that when I am married, and have gone away for some weeks, I shall be easier at heart if you will come home here. No matter who invites you to stay elsewhere. Come home here. It is better to be alone than - what I would say is,' she added, checking herself, 'that I know well you are best at home, dear Florence.'
'I will come home on the very day, Mama'
'Do so. I rely on that promise. Now, prepare to come with me, dear girl. You will find me downstairs when you are ready.'
Slowly and thoughtfully did Edith wander alone through the mansion of which she was so soon to be the lady: and little heed took she of all the elegance and splendour it began to display. The same indomitable haughtiness of soul, the same proud scorn expressed in eye and lip, the same fierce beauty, only tamed by a sense of its own little worth, and of the little worth of everything around it, went through the grand saloons and halls, that had got loose among the shady trees, and raged and rent themselves. The mimic roses on the walls and floors were set round with sharp thorns, that tore her breast; in every scrap of gold so dazzling to the eye, she saw some hateful atom of her purchase-money; the broad high mirrors showed her, at full length, a woman with a noble quality yet dwelling in her nature, who was too false to her better self, and too debased and lost, to save herself. She believed that all this was so plain, more or less, to all eyes, that she had no resource or power of self-assertion but in pride: and with this pride, which tortured her own heart night and day, she fought her fate out, braved it, and defied it. Was this the woman whom Florence - an innocent girl, strong only in her earnestness and simple truth - could so impress and quell, that by her side she was another creature, with her tempest of passion hushed, and her very pride itself subdued? Was this the woman who now sat beside her in a carriage, with her arms entwined, and who, while she courted and entreated her to love and trust her, drew her fair head to nestle on her breast, and would have laid down life to shield it from wrong or harm?
Oh, Edith! it were well to die, indeed, at such a time! Better and happier far, perhaps, to die so, Edith, than to live on to the end!
The Honourable Mrs Skewton, who was thinking of anything rather than of such sentiments - for, like many genteel persons who have existed at various times, she set her face against death altogether, and objected to the mention of any such low and levelling upstart - had borrowed a house in Brook Street, Grosvenor Square, from a stately relative (one of the Feenix brood), who was out of town, and who did not object to lending it, in the handsomest manner, for nuptial purposes, as the loan implied his final release and acquittance from all further loans and gifts to Mrs Skewton and her daughter. It being necessary for the credit of the family to make a handsome appearance at such a time, Mrs Skewton, with the assistance of an accommodating tradesman resident In the parish of Mary-le-bone, who lent out all sorts of articles to the nobility and gentry, from a service of plate to an army of footmen, clapped into this house a silver-headed butler (who was charged extra on that account, as having the appearnce of anancient family retainer), two very tall young men in livery, and a select staff of kitchen-servants; so that a legend arose, downstairs, that Withers the page, released at once from his numerous household duties, and from the propulsion of the wheeled-chair (inconsistent with the metropolis), had been several times observed to rub his eyes and pinch his limbs, as if he misdoubted his having overslept himself at the Leamington milkman's, and being still in a celestial dream. A variety of requisites in plate and china being also conveyed to the same establishment from the same convenient source, with several miscellaneous articles, including a neat chariot and a pair of bays, Mrs Skewton cushioned herself on the principal sofa, in the Cleopatra attitude, and held her court in fair state.
'And how,' said Mrs Skewton, on the entrance of her daughter and her charge, 'is my charming Florence? You must come and kiss me, Florence, if you please, my love.'
Florence was timidly stooping to pick out a place In the white part of Mrs Skewton's face, when that lady presented her ear, and relieved her of her difficulty.
'Edith, my dear,' said Mrs Skewton, 'positively, I - stand a little more in the light, my sweetest Florence, for a moment.
Florence blushingly complied.
'You don't remember, dearest Edith,' said her mother, 'what you were when you were about the same age as our exceedingly precious Florence, or a few years younger?'
'I have long forgotten, mother.'
她答应弗洛伦斯给她掉换新房间,并说她将亲自下命令。然后她问了几个关于可怜的保罗的问题;当她们坐着交谈了一些时候之后,她告诉弗洛伦斯,她是来领她到自己家里去的。
"我们现在已经搬到伦敦来了,我母亲和我,"伊迪丝说道,"你将和我们住在一起,直到我结婚。我希望我们将相互了解和信任,弗洛伦斯。"
"你对我太好了,"弗洛伦斯说,"亲爱的妈妈,我多么感谢你!"
"让我就趁现在说吧,因为这是最好的机会,"伊迪丝向四下里看看,想知道她们是不是就是两个人,并用较低的声音继续说道,"当我结婚之后外出几个星期的时候,如果你能回到这边的家里来的话,那么我就会觉得放心些。不论是谁邀请你住到别的地方去,你还是回到这边的家里来。你一个人在这里比--"她抑制住自己,没有把话说完,然后又接下去说,"我想说的是,我知道你在家里最好,亲爱的弗洛伦斯。"
"我当天就回到家里来,妈妈。"
"好,就这么办吧。我相信你的话。现在,亲爱的孩子,你就去收拾收拾,准备跟我走吧。你一切都弄妥了就到楼下来找我。"
伊迪丝一个人慢吞吞地和若有所思地走过这个不久她将成为女主人的公馆,很少去注意它即将显示出的富丽堂皇的气派。就像她过去在绿荫的树林下曾经猛烈地放纵、发泄过她的愤怒一样,她现在怀着同样难以驯服的傲慢的心灵,从眼睛和嘴唇中表露出同样高傲的、目空一切的神气,在姿容中闪耀着同样光彩夺目的美丽(只是由于她觉得它毫无价值,四周的一切也都毫无价值,因此这光彩不那么强烈罢了),走过这些豪华的客厅和大厅。绘画在墙壁和地板上的玫瑰花,四周围绕着尖利的刺,把她的胸膛都刺裂了;在每一片耀眼的金片中,她看到了她的可恨的买身钱的微粒;又宽又高的镜子向她照出了一个女人的全身;她还没有完全失去高贵的品质,但跟她更美好的自身比较,显得太虚伪了,太卑贱了,太毁坏无遗了,已经到了不可救药的地步。她相信,在所有人看来,在不同程度上,这一切都是清清楚楚的,因此,她找不到别的办法或力量,只有凭借着高傲才能使她逞强自负,并凭借着这个日夜折磨着她的心灵的高傲,她跟自己的命运斗争到底,抵抗它,反抗它。难道这就是弗洛伦斯--一个天真烂漫的女孩子,只是由于真诚与纯洁而有力量--能深深感动她和征服她的那个女人吗?难道这就是在弗洛伦斯身边成了完全不同的一个人,暴怒顿时熄灭,甚至连高傲也顿时消退的那个女人吗?难道这就是现在在马车中坐在弗洛伦斯身边,合抱着双臂,当弗洛伦斯恳求她爱她和信任她的时候,她就把美丽的头贴近她的胸脯,并准备牺牲生命来保卫它免遭污辱和欺凌的那个女人吗?
啊,伊迪丝!就在这样的时候死去是多么好啊!也许,伊迪丝,现在就这么死去要比继续活下去要好得多,要幸福得多啊!
尊敬的斯丘顿夫人完全没有这样一类想法,因为,像许多在不同时代生活过的出身高贵的人们一样,她总是扭转脸孔,躲开死亡,而且反对别人提起这个十分卑劣的、不分贵贱地把所有人都拉平的、趾高气扬的怪物。她在格罗斯文诺广场布鲁克街从一位高贵的亲戚(菲尼克斯家族中的一位)那里借了一栋房屋。这位亲戚离开伦敦了;他极为慷慨地把房屋借给他们用来结婚,并把这作为一笔礼物,他就免得再向斯丘顿夫人和她的女儿贷款和送礼了。为了维护家庭的荣誉,在这种时候有必要使各方面都显得光彩体面,所以斯丘顿夫人找到了一位住在玛丽勒博恩教区的商人帮忙;这位商人是个容易打交道的人,他向贵族和绅士出借各种家庭用品,从成套餐具到一群仆人,无不应有尽有。他给这栋房屋提供了一位白发苍苍的男管家(他由于具有古代家庭侍从的相貌,还多拿一笔钱)、两位穿着制服、身材很高的年轻人,还有一些精选的厨房仆人。这一来,地下室就散播着一个传说,说童仆威瑟斯突然一下摆脱了原先的无数的家庭杂务,也摆脱了推轮椅的累活(在都城中推轮椅是不合适的),大家好几次看到他揉着眼睛,捏着手脚,仿佛他怀疑是不是在莱明顿牛奶店里睡过了头,现在还在做着天堂里的美梦呢。餐具、瓷器以及其他各种各样的家庭用具全都由同一个方向的来源供应到这个邸宅中来,其中还包括一辆整洁精致的四轮轻便马车和两匹栗色马。斯丘顿夫人按照克利奥特拉佩的姿势,坐在一张主沙发的坐垫中间,庄严得体地摆出女王的架子,接受觐见。
"我可爱的弗洛伦斯好吗?"斯丘顿夫人在女儿和她的被保护者进来时,说道,"你一定得过来亲亲我,弗洛伦斯,如果你愿意的话,我亲爱的。"
弗洛伦斯胆怯地弯下身去,正在斯丘顿夫人脸上白的部分找一块地方,这时那位夫人凑上耳朵,使她摆脱了困境。
"伊迪丝,我亲爱的,"斯丘顿夫人说道,"确实,我--请你站到靠亮光一点的地方,亲爱的弗洛伦斯。"
弗洛伦斯脸羞得通红地依从了。
"你可记得,我最亲爱的伊迪丝,"她的母亲说道,"当你跟我们可爱的宝贝弗洛伦斯差不多年纪或小几岁的时候,你是怎么样的吗?"
"我早忘了,妈妈。"
背景阅读
本书简介:
《董贝父子》是狄更斯最重要的作品之一,发表于1848年。小说描写了董贝父子公司的盛衰史。董贝是个贪得无厌的大资本家,妻子儿女都成了他追逐利润的工具和摆设。公司经理卡克尔是个奸诈小人,骗取了董贝的信任后又一手造成了他的破产。在现实的教训中,董贝的思想发生了转变。最后,虽然他已无法重整家业,却成全了真正的家庭幸福。
豆瓣热评:永恒的大团圆结局
来自: 阿壳
在读托尔金,C.S.刘易斯和狄更斯的小说前,我很少思想关于大团圆结局的事。而这三位作家是毫不掩饰自己热爱大团圆结局的,他们都是英国人。我不知道英国文学里是否有这一种传承,我读的很少;不过我相信,在信仰上他们确实是一脉相承。刘易斯的《纳尼亚传奇》和《裸颜》是基督教寓言小说,当他有更多更清晰直白的见解时,他就放下寓言,转而将它们变为论述或演讲。托尔金不太赞成他的好朋友那样赤裸裸地谈论信仰,他自己的魔戒系列和精灵宝钻是另一种类型的寓言体,不过依然深深渗透了基督教思想——只要把它们放在圣经面前,就会很容易识别出托尔金的信念是从哪里寻得依傍。他极其喜爱公式化的“从此以后他过着幸福的生活”,狄更斯也一样,甚至有过之而无不及。
在我所读过的《雾都孤儿》、《大卫?科波菲尔》、《圣诞颂歌》和《董贝父子》中,狄更斯不管形势有多严峻,某些人能过上幸福生活的可能性是多么微小——依然坚持到结尾时把他们全部聚拢在一起,使他们苦尽甘来,平平安安,欢欢乐乐,相亲相爱,永不分离。有时候我不由猜想,他是不是想要实现某种人间天国,但很快便打消了这念头。不如说大团圆在他笔下之所以成为可能、那样牢固,正是由他对这个世界以外有天国怀有真切的盼望。他随时描写那看不见的天国,随时使他的故事与人物浸透在那种光芒中。我没见过比他更天真的作家,天真到令人感动的地步,就像他钟爱自己笔下各种各样的“憨人”,不惜亲自出马保护他们,尽管他们傻气,不谙世事,偶尔会因自己的轻信挨近危险边缘——但他们绝不会有真正的危险,真正危险的是那种因聪明而自负的人。狄更斯以他叫人眼花缭乱的幽默手法描写这些傻乎乎的人,用上他最亲切的笔墨,仿佛是在叫喊:在这样的世界里做一个天真的人是可以的!你信上帝吗?上帝保佑你!——这句话的意思其实是“在人这是不能的,在神凡事都能。”(马太福音19:26)从同一个思路出发,因此他也毫不为自己的故事有一个美好结局而感到羞赧或犹疑。
我从娱乐作品中见过同样被称作“团圆”的结局,但它们不是同一种,和狄更斯的作品比起来,那不是真团圆。香港晚间黄金时段的电视剧几乎都有譬如真相大白,破镜重圆,有情人终成眷属,好有好报坏有坏报等等情节,也时常可见“从此以后他们过上幸福的生活”。类似的结尾也出现在给小学生改写的童话里。一本叫《屠猫记?法国文化史钩沉》的书谈到,《小红帽》的最初版本是极其血腥的,在几个世纪间,类似的民间传说大多是为了告诫年轻人这个世界的残酷,要想活下去(甚至不是为了能活得多么好)你就得留神。因此,真团圆首先要面对的问题是在一个残酷世界中得到幸福怎么可能。这其实是个严肃的问题,通常电视剧不负有探讨的责任,言情小说也没有,改写的童话同样不予理会。于是我们不得不遭遇断裂:小时候事情是一个版本,等到我们长大后——它们就无情地改变了。
真团圆必须得迎难而上,否则它就不过是娱乐,演和看的人同样不信。狄更斯信,而且似乎不需要论证。和他相比,雨果不但是个雄辩家,而且简直是个没多大信心的人,他在自己的小说里长篇累牍地辩论,甚至给我一种印象,如果他在每一章的开头不把事情为什么可以那样进行说清楚,事情就真的没法儿那样进行了。而且,即便它如期进行,却充满了暴力的痕迹。就像雨果本人对法国大革命十分推崇,认为人类要想有大团圆结局便无法绕道。他把暴力写得那样激昂,那样美。和他比起来狄更斯真是毫不进取,缺乏光荣,也一点都不浪漫。他只是温和却严肃地看着自己笔下的人物,也看着他的读者,仿佛是说:你应当舍己去爱。为什么?——你信上帝吗?愿上帝保佑你!
不过,即使对狄更斯而言,真团圆的难题也是不容易解决的,因为疑虑多半来自生活中确实没有那么多的幸福美满——果真如此吗?我想起那几本书的结尾,是否有人死亡或奄奄一息呢,是的,有,有两种情况。一种是误入歧途的人,无论他们之前多么坏,此时潘然悔悟,迎接他们的是“当一个忏悔的罪人夹在九十九个正直人中间进入天堂时,天使们的脸上可能出现的就是这种狂喜的神情”。他们离开这个绊倒人和叫人悲伤的世界,去往那真正使人安息的国度。这种结局,是从福音书耶稣基督的口里得来的。另一种情况是悲剧。作恶的人直到最后都不承认自己做了可怕的事,伤害了爱他的人和无辜的人,心里没有半点怜悯和恻隐,而只有无尽的骄傲、欲望和唯我独尊的念头——狄更斯描写这种人也是不遗余力。于是,最后他们被从“好人”中放逐出去,就像狼被从羊群中赶走,免得羊群的苦楚没有尽头。在《董贝父子》里,唯一的悲剧是那个人掉到火车的铁轨中央,狂乱中被火车撞死。然而,最可怕还不在于这种死,而是狄更斯相信有另一种永恒的死如同有永恒的活一样,两者同样出自福音书。狄更斯是节制的。小说里有不少糟糕的人物,只有这一个被“处以死刑”,不是由于他罪孽深重,而是由于他不肯回转。那个人心里有那么多肮脏的欲望和自私自利的念头,几乎等于是自己跳入到死亡之中。
狄更斯坦然书写这两种结局,对他来说那是确切无疑的,他就是那样相信的。通过他的故事,我对真团圆多了一层领悟。原来,疾病不能伤害真团圆,死也不能;贫穷和破产不能伤害真团圆,爱能填补它的空缺,它却不能填补爱的空缺;辛劳、付出得不到回报、爱一个人却眼看她与别人成婚、忍耐、默默承担,以及盼望非常遥远的事情——这一切都不能伤害真团圆,而这一切,不正是我们平常所害怕、以为一旦挨着就再也无能过上幸福生活的东西吗?那么狄更斯以为真团圆是什么呢?
“她念那永恒的书,那是给世上所有疲累的、心情沉重的人,和所有可怜的、堕落的、被忽视的人的书。她念那神圣的历史。失明的、跛腿的、瘫痪的乞丐、罪犯、蒙受耻辱的女人,我们所有正人君子避开的人,都在这历史中占一个部分。在这个世界继续存在的所有纪元里,没有任何人类的骄傲、冷淡或者诡辩能把这个部分除掉,或者减少千分之一格令。她念上帝的恩典,祂对整个人生,从出生到死亡,从婴儿到老年的一切希望和不幸都怀有亲切的同情,对人生中每一个场景、每一个阶段、每一个痛苦和悲哀,都很关心。”以及——
“海浪里的声音总是以它们那不停的喃喃声向弗洛伦斯悄悄谈论爱。那爱是永恒的,无限的,并不被今世和末日所局限,而是扩展开去,越过大海,越过天空,一直到远处那个看不见的地方!”(引自《董贝父子》)
于是,狄更斯在他的故事的结尾,把所有曾经痛苦、误入歧途和懊悔的人聚集在一起,使他们最远不会离开彼此一条街。我曾经疑惑,为什么这些人总是会相聚、相识,相爱,在现实生活中这可能吗?然而,是可能的!因为他们最后总会成为某种相像的人,总是随时乐于给予而将自己的益处置之度外。经过种种磨难后,他们终于在一起,因为信仰,盼望和爱而联合了。这就是作者所相信的大团圆,它们是如此沉甸甸,因为不是不付出代价的。如果疾病,患难,贫穷,痛苦,伤害——这个残酷世界所具有的一切武器——都不能使他们仇恨彼此,不信上帝的恩慈,那么还有什么能阻挡他们,使他们无法过上幸福美满的生活呢?
于是这永恒的大团圆结局仿佛是在说:选择过幸福的生活吧,亲爱的朋友!愿上帝祝福你!