(单词翻译:单击)
课文
【课文】
Lesson 35 Justice was done 伸张正义
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
The word 'justice' is given two different meanings in the text. What is the distinction between them?
The word justice is usually associated with courts of law. We might say that justice has been done when a man's innocence or guilt has been proved beyond doubt. Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law. Those who seek it undertake an arduous journey and can never be sure that they will find it. Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.
There are rare instances when justice almost ceases to be an abstract concept. Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference. At such times, justice acts like a living force. When we use a phrase like 'it serves him right', we are, in part, admitting that a certain set of circumstances has enabled justice to act of its own accord.
When a thief was caught on the premises of large jewellery store on morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves him right.' The shop was an old converted house with many large, disused fireplaces and tall, narrow chimneys. Towards midday, a girl heard a muffed cry coming from behind on of the walls. As the cry was repeated several times, she ran to tell the manager who promptly rang up the fire brigade. The cry had certainly come from one of the chimneys, but as there were so many of them, the fire fighters could not be certain which one it was. They located the right chimney by tapping at the walls and listening for the man's cries. After chipping through a wall which was eighteen inches thick, they found that a man had been trapped in the chimney. As it was extremely narrow, the man was unable to move, but the fire fighters were eventually able to free him by cutting a huge hole in the wall. The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, admitted at once that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney. He had been there for nearly ten hours. Justice had been done even before the man was handed over to the police.
参考译文
【参考译文】
正义这个词常常是同法庭连在一起的。当某人被证据确凿地证明无罪的时候，我们也许会说正义得到了伸张。正义是复杂的法律机器组成部分。那些寻求正义的人走的是一条崎岖的道路，从来没有把握他们最终将到正义。法官无论如何聪明与有名，毕竟也是人，也会出差错的。
在个别情况下，正义不再是一种抽象概念。奖惩的实施是不受人意志支配的。在这种时候，正义像一种有生命的力量行使其职能。当我们说他罪有应得这句话的时候，我们部分承认了某种特定的环境使得正义自动地起了作用。
一天上午，当一个小偷在一家大型珠宝店里被人抓住的时候，店员一定会忍不住说：他罪有应得。那是一座老式的、经过改造的房子，店里有许多废置不用的大壁炉和又高又窄的烟囱。快到中午的时候，一个女售货员听见从一堵墙里传出一种闷声闷气的叫声。由于这种喊叫声重复了几次，她跑去报告经理，经理当即给消防队挂了电话。喊叫声肯定是从烟囱里传出来的，然而，因为烟囱太多，消防队员无法确定到底是哪一个。他们通过叫击烟囱倾叫声而确定传出声音的那个烟囱。他们凿透了18英寸厚的墙壁，发现有个人卡在烟囱里。由于烟囱太窄，那人无法动弹。消防队员在墙上挖了个大洞，才终于把他解救出来。那个看来满脸沮丧、浑身漆黑的家伙从烟囱里一出来，就承认头天夜里他企图到店里行窍，但让烟囱卡住了。他已经在烟囱里被困了将近10个小时。甚至在那人还没被送交给警察之前，正义就已得到了伸张。
词汇讲解
1.justice n.正义，公正；司法
例句：They are crying out for some justice.
他们为正义愤臂疾呼。
2.court n.法院
3.innocence n. 无辜
例句：If you prove your innocence you can be free.
如果你能证明自己的清白，就可以获释。
4.undertake v.承担；着手做
例句：I'm confident he will be willing to undertake the task.
我敢说他一定乐于接受这个任务。
5.arduous adj.艰苦的，艰难的
例句：Life in the countryside becomes very arduous.
农村的生活变得十分艰苦
6.abstract adj.抽象的
7.concept n.概念，观念
例句：Knowledge management is a concept.
知识管理是一种概念。
8.mete out 给予，处置
9.interference n.干涉
例句：He hates interference with his work.
他厌恶别人妨碍他的工作。
10.accord n.一致
11.premises n.房屋
12.convert v.转变，改变
例句：Convert a forest into farmland.
把森林变成耕地
13.disused adj.不再用的，废弃的
例句：If we buy the disused church, we could make it into an attractive home.
如果我们把这座闲置的教堂买下来，就可以将其改造成一个很吸引人的家。
14.fireplace n.壁炉
15.muffle v.捂住，厌抑
例句：Make sure you muffle up properly, because it's pretty cold outside.
注意穿暖些，外面相当冷。
16.chip v.砍，削，凿
17.blacken v.使变黑
18.emerge v.（从某处）出现
例句：Jane seemed to emerge from her reverie.
简如梦初醒。
课文讲解
【课文讲解】
1.The word justice is usually associated with courts of law.
参考翻译：正义这个词常常是同法庭连在一起的。
讲解：be associated with与……有联系
I don't want to be associated with this in any way.
我不想和这件事有任何瓜葛。
be connected with与...相连/联系
What makes you suppose him to be connected with them?
什么使你想到他和他们有联系？
2.Judges, however wise or eminent, are human and can make mistakes.
参考翻译：法官无论如何聪明与有名，毕竟也是人，也会出差错的。
讲解：however相当于no matter how
However和no matter how同义，都表示无论如何的意思，又都引导让步状语从句，但它们的修辞意味和使用场合有所不同。
However是比较正式的用语，大都用于书面语，口语中较少使用；no matter how则比较口语化，它的语势比however重，故常用在强调的场合。请看下面的例句：
The task must be done，however arduous it may be．
无论多么艰难，这个任务一定要完成。
（试比较一般句：The task must be done though it is arduous．）
I'll take your words，no matter how harsh they may be．
无论语气多么难听，我还是听你的话的。
（试比较一般句：Although your words are harsh，I'll take them．）
However有时可表达然而、可是之意，出现于句中或句尾。例：
They said that it was so；they were mistaken，however．
他们说事情就是如此，可是他们错了。
与之类似区别的词语很多，例如whatever/no matter what、whenever/no matter when、wherever/no matter where、whichever/no matter which、whoever/no matter who。
3.Reward or punishment are meted out quite independent of human interference.
参考翻译：奖惩的实施是不受人意志支配的。
讲解：independent of独立于
He is independent of his parents.
他不依赖父母生活。
dependent on依赖
Most students are dependent on their parents.
大多数学生依赖父母亲。
4.When a thief was caught on the premises of large jewellery store on morning, the shop assistants must have found it impossible to resist the temptation to say 'it serves him right.'
参考翻译：一天上午，当一个小偷在一家大型珠宝店里被人抓住的时候，店员一定会忍不住说：他罪有应得。
讲解：must + have + 过去分词表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
You must have been mad to speak to the servant.
你跟仆人说话一定是疯了。
5.The sorry-looking, blackened figure that emerged, admitted at once that he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had got stuck in the chimney.
参考翻译：那个看来满脸沮丧、浑身漆黑的家伙从烟囱里一出来，就承认头天夜里他企图到店里行窍，但让烟囱卡住了。
讲解：break into破门而入, 侵占
Don't break into their conversation.
不要打断他们的谈话。
6.Justice had been done even before the man was handed over to the police.
参考翻译：甚至在那人还没被送交给警察之前，正义就已得到了伸张。
讲解：hand over 移交
I told him to let Xiao Zhang take over the job, but he refused to hand it over.
我要他交给小张去办，可他就是不放手。
经典句子
【经典句子】
1、 We might say that justice hasbeen proved beyonddoubt.
当某人被证据确凿地证明无罪的时候，我们也许会说正义得到了伸张。
2、 …, the shop assistants musthave found it impossible to resist the temptationto say it serves him right.
店员一定会忍不住说：他罪有应得。
3、 The sorry-looking,blackened figure that emerged, at once admittedthat he had tried to break into the shop during the night but had gotstuck in the chimney.
那个看来满脸沮丧、浑身漆黑的家伙从烟囱里一出来，就承认头天夜里他企图到店里行窍，但让烟囱卡住了。
