汉译英试题训练

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：

颐和园(the Summer Palace)位于北京西郊，始建于清朝，是中国规模最大、保存最完好的皇室园林(imperial garden)之一。1860年颐和园在战争中遭到严重破坏，1886年在原址重修。自1911年清王朝覆灭后，颐和园作为公园一直对外开放。颐和园主要由万寿山(Longevity Hill)和昆明湖组成，园内有宫殿、庙宇、长廊(long corridor)、石桥等100多处富有民族特色的古典建筑，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”。颐和园内的人工景观与自然山峦、宁静的湖水和谐地融为一体，向游客展示了一幅优美的山水画卷。

翻译及详解

参考翻译:

Situated in the western suburbs of Beijing, the Summer Palace, originally constructed in Qing Dynasty, is one of the largest and best-preserved imperial gardens in China. It was badly damaged during the war in 1860 and was restored on its original site in 1886. Since Qing Dynasty collapsed in 1911, the Summer Palace has been open to the public as a park. Mainly composed of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake, the Summer Palace is honored as the "Imperial Garden Museum", with more than 100 classical architectures of ethnic features inside the garden, such as palaces, temples, long corridors and stone bridges. The artificial landscape inside the Summer Palace is harmoniously combined with natural hills and peaceful lakes, displaying a beautiful picture of landscape to tourists.

翻译讲解

1.第一句话中有三个分句，翻译成英文时可将“是中国规模最大、保存最完好的皇家园林之一”作为主干“位于北京西郊”和“始建于清朝”作状语和后置定语处理，使表达更简洁。
2.“自1911年清王朝覆灭后”可译为 since the fall of Qing Dynasty in 1911或since Qing Dynasty collapsed in 1911，此处翻译采取了后一种译法。
3.“颐和园主要…被誉为皇家园林博物馆”这句话很长，翻译时可以将最后一个分句“被誉为皇家园林博物馆”作为句子主干，前两个分句分别译作状语。其中，“由…组成”用过去分词短语表达，置于句首；“有…的古典建筑”则译为with引导的介词短语，进行补充说明。
4.最后一句话中的“向游客展示了一幅优美的山水画卷”可以用现在分词短语作伴随状语，译成displaying a beautiful picture of landscape to tourists，使主次分明。