汉译英试题训练

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
西部大开发(China's Western Development Policy)是中华人民共和国中央政府的一项政策，目的是“把东部沿海地区的剩余经济发展能力(surplus capacity of economic development),用以提高西部地区的经济和社会发展水平、巩固国防。” 加速西部地区发展，是缩小地区差距、实现共同富裕的中国特色社会主义的本质要求；是进一步扩大国内需求、保持国民经济持续、快速、健康发展的客观要求；是改善全国生态环境、实现可持续发展的急切要求；也是维护社会稳定、民族团结和边疆安全的迫切要求。

翻译及详解

参考翻译:

China's Western Development Policy is a policy made by the Central People's Grovernment of the People's Republic of China. It aims at enhancing the economic and social development in the western region and consolidating the national defense by using surplus capacity of economic development in the east coast of China. Accelerating development in the western region is the essential requirement of the socialism with Chinese characteristics, the goal of which is to narrow the gap between different regions and to achieve the collective prosperity. At the same time, accelerating development in the western region is the objective requirement of expanding domestic demands and maintaining sustainable, rapid and sound development of our national economy. It is also the urgent request of improving ecological environment nationwide and achieving sustainable development. At last, it is the pressing claim for maintaining social stability, national unity and security in the border region.

翻译讲解

1.西部大开发是中华人民共和国中央人民政府的一项政策：即“是中国政府制定的一项政策”，此处可处理为定语从句，译为China's Western Development Policy is a policy made by the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China.其中过去分词短语made by...作policy的后置定语。
2.剩余经济发展能力：其中“剩余能力”可译为surplus capacity。
3.提高...经济和社会发展水平：可译为enhancing the economic and social development。因enhance前面是介词at,故此处用其现在分词形式。
4.缩小地区差距：可译为narrow the gap between different regions。narrow作形容词意为“狭窄的”，作动词则意为“使变窄”，引申为“缩小”。
5.共同富裕：可译为名词短语collective prosperity。
6.扩大国内需求：可译为expanding domestic demands。