汉译英试题训练

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：

孔子(Confucius)是中国历史上影响最大、最受尊重的哲学家。从公元前100年到20世纪早期，孔子的理念是唯一一种极大影响中国社会的思想。孔子本人从未写下任何箴言(teachings)。如果不是他的弟子不辞劳苦记下他的谈话和言论，今天孔子将是无名之辈。孔子的言论在中国广为流传时，因其言论包含正确的哲理，人们接受了他的言论，历朝历代都将其确立为官方思想。儒家思想影响了中国的方方面面，包括教育、政府、公共和个人看法以及礼节。

翻译及详解

参考翻译

Confucius is the most influential and respected philosopher in Chinese history.His ideas have the most powerful and sole influence on Chinese society from around 100 B.C.till the early 20th century.Confucius never wrote down any of his own teachings.But for his disciples who took the trouble to record his conversations and discourses,Confucius would have been a nobody today.Being widespread across China,people accepted the teachings of Confucius for their sound principles,and all successive dynasties made them the official state ideology.Confucianism then affected everything in China including education,government,public and private attitudes, and etiquette.

翻译讲解
1.影响最大、最受尊重的:可译为the most influential and respected。
2.对…有影响:可译为have an influence on...,influence前面可以加形容词来修饰。
3.写下:可译为write down。
4.如果不是…:可译为but for…或者if not for…。
5.不辞劳苦:可用take the trouble to do sth.来表达。
6.无名之辈:可译为nobody。
7.言论:这里的“言论”是指孔子的教导学说，可译为teachings,意为“学说，箴言”。
8.历朝历代:可译为all successive dynasties。
9.官方思想:即official state ideology。其中ideology意为“思想体系，思想意识”。