disabuse

【考法1】v. 打消错误念头，纠正：to free from error, fallacy, or misconception

【例】disabusesb. of the notion that… 打消某人的…观点|| I must disabuse you ofyour feelings of grandeur.

我必须去消除你的傲气。

【近】disenchant, undeceive

【反】lead intoerror 导致错误；mislead 误导

disaffected

【考法1】adj. 不满的，叛逆的：discontented and resentfulespecially against authority; rebellious

【例】gangs ofdisaffected teenagers 一 群 叛 逆 的 年 轻 人|| The soldiers were disaffectedtoward the

government. 那些士兵对政府不满.

【近】discontented,dissatisfied, malcontent, rebellious, insubordinate, contumacious

【反】satisfied,contented 满足的

【派】disaffectv. 使不安，使不满：tofill with discontent and unrest

【近】dissatisfy, agitate, upset

【反】mollify 平息，抚慰

disarm

【考法1】vi. 解除武装：to give up or reduce armed forces

【例】disarm thecaptured soldiers 解除被捕士兵的武装|| The defeated nation was disarmed so that it

would never again be a threat tointernational order. 战败国被解除武装，这样一来它就不会再对国际秩序造成威

胁了。

【近】demilitarize

【反】arm,militarize, put on guard 装备武器

【考法2】vt. 使息怒，平息抚慰：to lessen the anger or agitation of

【例】Her futurefather-in-law was totally disarmed by her words. 她未来的继父听了她的话彻底没脾气了。

【近】appease,assuage, conciliate, gentle, mollify, placate, propitiate

【反】anger,enrage, incense, inflame, enflame, infuriate, ire, madden, outrage 煽动激起

【考法3】v. 使无害：to make harmless

【例】disarm abomb 拆除炸弹

disarray

【考法1】n. 混乱，无秩序：a lack of order or sequence

【例】The roomwas in disarray. 房间一片混乱。

【近】confusion,disarrangement, disorder, disorderliness, disorganization, havoc, mess,messiness, misorder,

muddle, muss, shambles, jumble, welter

【反】order,orderliness 有序

【考法2】v. 使混乱：to undo the proper order or arrangement of

【例】Changingoffices disarrayed my papers completely. 办公室搬迁，使我的文件全部乱套了.

【近】confuse,disarrange, discompose, dishevel, dislocate, disorganize, disrupt, disturb,hash, jumble, muddle,

muss, rumple, scramble, upset, mess up, mixup

【反】arrange,array, dispose, order, organize, range, regulate, straighten up 使有序

disavow

【考法1】vt. 拒绝承认，否认：to disclaim knowledge of, responsibility for, or association with；to declare not

to be true

【例】disavowthe rumor 否认谣言|| Shedisavowed the testimony that she had given earlier in the trial. 她在

审判中否认了自己之前的证词。

【近】deny,repudiate, disaffirm, disclaim, disconfirm, gainsay, negate

【反】acknowledge, avow, concede 承认

discern

【考法1】vt. 识别，辨别差异：to perceive with the eyes or intellect; detect

【例】discernthe motives 辨识出动机|| tooyoung to discern between right and wrong 太年轻了而辨别

不了是非

【近】behold,descry, distinguish, espy, perceive, regard, differentiate, discriminate

【反】confuse,mix up 混淆

【派】discerningadj. 有洞察力的，洞悉的：showinginsight and understanding

【例】a verydiscerning art critic 眼光敏锐有洞察力的艺术评论家|| She has a discerning palate. 她的味觉很敏

锐。

【近】insightful, incisive

【反】myopic,shortsighted 目光短浅的；undiscerning无辨别能力的

【派】discernible/ discernable adj. 可辨识的，可辨别的：perceptible

【例】adiscernible mark 可辨别的痕迹

【近】perceptible, detectable, distinguishable

【反】indiscernible, imperceptible 不可辨识的

discharge

【考法1】vt. 解雇：to dismiss from employment

【例】dischargea worker/soldier 开除员工/军籍

【近】fire,dismiss

【反】employ,engage, hire, take on, sign up or on 雇佣

【考法2】n. 不承担责任：a freeing from an obligation or responsibility

【例】a fulldischarge from responsibility for the accident 对事故完全不负有责任

【近】delivery,quietus, quittance

【考法3】v. 释放：to set free (as from slavery or confinement)

【例】dischargedthe prisoners upon the signing of the peace treaty 根据和约释放罪犯

【近】disenthrall, emancipate, enfranchise, liberate, loose, manumit, release,spring, unbind, uncage, unchain,

unfetter

【反】bind,confine, enchain, fetter 监禁，束缚

disciple

【考法1】n. 信徒，追随者：one who accepts and assists in spreading the doctrines of another,follower

【例】A circleof dedicated disciples who conscientiously wrote down everything the prophetsaid. 一 圈忠 实 的

信徒认真的记下了先知所说的话。

【近】acolyte,adherent, convert, epigone, partisan, votary

【反】leader,coryphaeus 领导者

discombobulate

【考法1】v. 使不安，使混乱：upset, confuse

【例】inventcool new ways to discombobulate the old order 发明新的好方法打乱了旧秩序

【近】upset,addle, baffle, bamboozle, befog, befuddle, confound, fuddle, gravel, muddle,muddy, mystify,

perplex, puzzle, vex

【反】compose,soothe, calm, pacify 使安定

discomfit

【考法1】v. 使尴尬：to put into a state of perplexity and embarrassment

【例】He wasdiscomfited by the awkward situation of having his ex-girlfriend meet hiscurrent one. 他的前女友

看到他现任女友的情况让他很尴尬。

【近】embarrass,abash, faze, fluster, mortify, nonplus, rattle

【考法2】v. 阻碍：to prevent from achieving a goal

【例】Constantinterruptions discomfited her in her attempt to finish the speech. 经常的打断她讲话使她无法完

成演讲。

【近】balk,foil, thwart, baffle, checkmate

【反】advance, forward, foster, further, promote 推进，促进；encourage鼓励