汉译英试题训练

请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
清明节(the Tomb-Sweeping Day),又称“寒食节”，是中国人祭祀祖先最重要的节日。清明节源于周朝，有2000多年的历史。清明是中国24节气(24 solar terms) 之一，它预示着春天的来I寒食节是人们为祖先扫墓、吃冷食的节日。清明与寒 食节相连，因此二者后来渐渐地成为一个节日，扫墓和吃冷食成了清明的习俗。 清明成了富有文化含义、意义重大的纪念节日。从古时起，就有很多有关清明的艺术作品和诗作。其中，唐代诗人杜牧写的《清明》家喻户晓。

翻译及详解

参考翻译

Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as “Cold Food Festival' is the most important festival for Chinese people to offer sacrifices to ancestors. It sprang from the Zhou Dynasty, with a history of over 2,000 years. Qingming is one of the 24 solar terms in China, showing the coming of spring. Cold Food Festival is a day when people sweep the ancestors' tombs and eat cold food. Qingming was close to Cold Food Festival, so later on they gradually became one festival, and sweeping tombs and eating cold food turned into the customs of Qingming. Qingming has evolved into a culture-rich and meaningful remembrance day. Since the ancient times, there have been a lot of works of art and poems about Qingming. Of these, the Tomb-Sweeping Day composed by the poet Du Mu in the Tang Dynasty is a household name.

翻译讲解
1.祭祀祖先:即“给祖先供奉祭品”，故译为offer sacrifices to ancestors。其中sacrifice 意为“祭品”。
2.担墓:sweep tombs。
3.与...相连:表达“在时间上相连”，可译为be close to。
4.成了:这里暗含“不断进化”的意思，故可译为evolve into。
5.富有文化含义的:可译为culture-rich。rich还可与其他名词构成合成词，表示 “富有……的”。
6.纪念节日:可译为remembrance day。
7.家喻户晓:可译为固定表达a household name,或译为be widely known。