世纪文学经典:《百年孤独》第20章Part4
日期:2014-01-15 11:22

(单词翻译:单击)

名著阅读

Just as he had sensed, the wise Catalonian did not write again. The stranger’s letter, which no one read, was left to the mercy of the moths on the shelf where Fernanda had forgotten her wedding ring on occasion and there it remained, consuming itself in the inner fire of its bad news as the solitary lovers sailed against the tide of those days of the last stages, those impenitent and ill-fated times which were squandered on the useless effort of making them drift toward the desert of disenchantment and oblivion. Aware of that menace, Aureliano and Amaranta ?rsula spent the hot months holding hands, ending with the love of loyalty for the child who had his beginning in the madness of fornication. At night, holding each other in bed, they were not frightened by the sublunary explosions of the ants or the noise of the moths or the constant and clean whistle of the growth of the weeds in the neighboring rooms. Many times they were awakened by the traffic of the dead. They could hear ?rsula fighting against thelaws of creation to maintain the line, and Jos?Arcadio Buendía searching for the mythical truth of the great inventions, and Fernanda praying, and Colonel Aureliano Buendía stupefying himself with the deception of war and the little gold fishes, and Aureliano Segundo dying of solitude in the turmoil of his debauches, and then they learned that dominant obsessions can prevail against death and they were happy again with the certainty that they would go on loving each other in their shape as apparitions long after other species of future animals would steal from the insects the paradise of misery that the insects were finally stealing from man.
One Sunday, at six in the afternoon, Amaranta ?rsula felt the pangs of childbirth. The smiling mistress of the little girls who went to bed because of hunger had her get onto the dining-room table, straddled her stomach, and mistreated her with wild gallops until her cries were drowned out by the bellows of a formidable male child. Through her tears Amaranta ?rsula could see that he was one of those great Buendías, strong and willful like the Jos?Arcadios, with the open and clairvoyant eyes of the Aurelianos, and predisposed to begin the race again from the beginning and cleanse it of its pernicious vices and solitary calling, for he was the only one in a century who had been engendered with love.
正象他预感的那样,博学的加泰隆尼亚人再也写不了信了。陌生人的这封来信,结果谁也没看,就躺在菲兰达有一次忘记订婚戒指的那块搁板上,留给蛀虫去啮食,让噩耗的烈火把它慢慢烧掉。这时,一对与世隔绝的情人,正驾着一叶扁舟,逆时代潮流而行。这是一个将使他们生命终止的时代,一个将置他们子死地的不可抗拒的时代,这个时代正在竭尽全力地把这一对情人引到使他们灭绝的沙漠里去。由于意识到这种危险,奥雷连诺。 布恩蒂亚和阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜同舟共济地度过了最后的几个月,他们忠诚相爱地等着那个在他们失去理智的情欲中受胎的儿子出世。夜里,他们相互依偎地躺在床上时,既不怕蚂蚁在月光下发出的响声,也不怕蛀虫的活动声,更不怕隔壁房间里正在滋长的杂草那清晰可闻、接连不断的沙沙声,他们常常被死者掀起的嘈杂声惊醒。他们听到,乌苏娜为了维护自己的天堂,怎样跟自然规律进行斗争;霍·阿·布恩蒂亚怎样毫无结果地寻求伟大发明的真啼;菲兰达怎样吟诵祷文;失望、战争和小金鱼怎样使奥雷连诺上校陷入牲畜般的境地;奥雷连诺第二又怎样在欢乐的酒宴方兴未艾时孤独地死去。于是他俩懂得人的爱情是高于一切的、不可抑制的,它能够战胜死亡,他俩重又感到自己无比幸福。他俩坚信自己将要继续相爱下去,坚信任他们变成幽灵时,在昆虫很快就要从他们这儿夺去可怜的天堂、未来其它一些生物又要从昆虫那儿夺去这个天堂时,他们仍将久久地相爱下去。
一个星期日,傍晚六点,阿玛兰塔·乌苏娜感到一阵临产的剧病。笑容可掬的助产婆领着几个由于饥饿而出来干活的小女孩,把阿玛兰塔·鸟苏娜抬到餐桌上,然后叉开双腿,骑在她的肚子上,不断用野蛮的动作折磨产妇,直到一个健壮小男孩的哭声代替了产妇的叫喊声。阿玛兰塔。 乌苏娜噙着泪水的眼睛看见了一个真正的布恩蒂亚,就象那些名叫霍。 阿卡蒂奥的人一样,婴几明澈的眼睛又酷似那些名叫奥雷连诺的人;这孩子命中注定将要重新为这个家族奠定基础,将要驱除这个家族固有的致命缺陷和孤独性格,因为他是百年里诞生的所有的布恩蒂亚当中唯一由于爱情而受胎的婴儿。
背景阅读

作者简介:

加西亚·马尔克斯(1927一)哥伦比亚作家,记者。生于马格达莱纳省阿拉卡塔卡镇。父亲是个电报报务员兼顺势疗法医生。他自小在外祖父家中长大。外祖父当过上校军官,性格善良、倔强,思想比较激进;外祖母博古通今,善讲神话传说及鬼怪故事,这对作家日后的文学创作有着重要的影响。

加西亚·马尔克斯作品的主要特色是幻想与现实的巧妙结合,以此来反映社会现实生活,审视人生和世界。重要作品有长篇小说《百年孤独》(1967)《家长的没落》(1975)、《霍乱时期的爱情》(1985)等。

本书简介:

《百年孤独》内容复杂,人物众多,情节离奇,手法新颖。马尔克斯在书中溶汇了南美洲特有的五彩缤纷的文化。他通过描写小镇马孔多的产生、兴盛到衰落、消亡,表现了拉丁美洲令人惊异的疯狂历史。小说以“汇集了不可思议的奇迹和最纯粹的现实生活”荣获1982年诺贝尔文学奖。

创作历程:

从1830年至十九世纪末的70年间,哥伦比亚爆发过几十次内战,使数十万人丧生。本书以很大的篇幅描述了这方面的史实,并且通过书中主人公带有传奇色彩的生涯集中表现出来。政客们的虚伪,统治者们的残忍,民众的盲从和愚昧等等都写得淋漓尽致。作家以生动的笔触,刻画了性格鲜明的众多人物,描绘了这个家族的孤独精神。在这个家族中,夫妻之间、父子之间、母女之间、兄弟姐妹之间,没有感情沟通,缺乏信任和了解。尽管很多人为打破孤独进行过种种艰苦的探索,但由于无法找到一种有效的办法把分散的力量统一起来,最后均以失败告终。这种孤独不仅弥漫在布恩迪亚家族和马孔多镇,而且渗入了狭隘思想,成为阻碍民族向上、国家进步的一大包袱。
作家写出这一点,是希望拉丁美洲民众团结起来,共同努力摆脱孤独。所以,《百年孤独》中浸淫着的孤独感,其主要内涵应该是对整个苦难的拉丁美洲被排斥现代文明世界的进程之外的愤懑[mèn]和抗议,是作家在对拉丁美洲近百年的历史、以及这块大陆上人民独特的生命力、生存状态、想象力进行独特的研究之后形成的倔强的自信。这个古老的家族也曾经在新文明的冲击下,努力的走出去寻找新的世界,尽管有过畏惧和退缩,可是他们还是抛弃了传统的外衣,希望溶入这个世界。可是外来文明以一种侵略的态度来吞噬这个家族,于是他们就在这样一个开放的文明世界中持续着“百年孤独”。作者表达着一种精神状态的孤独来批判外来者对拉美大陆的一种精神层面的侵略,以及西方文明对拉美的歧视与排斥。“羊皮纸手稿所记载的一切将永远不会重现,遭受百年孤独的家族,注定不会在大地上第二次出现了。” 作者用一个毁灭的结尾来表达了自己深深的愤懑。

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重点单词
  • mythicaladj. 神话的,虚构的,杜撰出来的
  • constantadj. 经常的,不变的 n. 常数,恒量
  • solitaryadj. 孤独的,独立的,单个的,唯一的,荒凉的 n.
  • certaintyn. 确定,确实的事情
  • perniciousadj. 有害的,恶性的 邪恶的
  • impenitentadj. 不知悔改的,顽固的
  • speciesn. (单复同)物种,种类
  • driftvi. 漂流,漂移,漂泊,吹积,偏离 vt. 使漂流,使
  • cleansevt. 使 ... 清洁,净化,使 ... 纯洁
  • shelfn. 架子,搁板