(单词翻译:单击)
名著阅读
"The bug!" Amaranta said.
úrsula put a finger on her heart.
"Here," she said.
On Thursday, at two in the afternoon, José Arcadio left for the seminary. 'úrsula would remember him always as she said goodbye to him, languid and serious, without shedding a tear, as she had taught him, sweltering in the heat in the green corduroy suit with copper buttons and a starched bow around his neck. He left the dining room impregnated with the penetrating fragrance of rose water that she had sprinkled on his head so that she could follow his tracks through the house. While the farewell lunch was going on, the family concealed its nervousness with festive expressions and they celebrated with exaggerated enthusiasm the remarks that Father Antonio Isabel made. But when they took out the trunk bound in velvet and with silver corners, it was as if they had taken a coffin out of the house. The only one who refused to take part in the farewell was Colonel Aureli-ano Buendía.
"That's all we need," he muttered. "A Pope!"
Three months later Aureli-ano Segun-do and Fernanda took Meme to school and came back with a clavichord, which took the place of the pianola. It was around that time that Amaranta started sewing her own shroud. The banana fever had calmed down. The old inhabitants of Macon-do found themselves surrounded by newcomers and working hard to cling to their precarious resources of times gone by, but comforted in any case by the sense that they had survived a shipwreck. In the house they still had guests for lunch and the old routine was never really set up again until the banana company left years later. Nevertheless, there were radical changes in the traditional sense of hospitality because at that time it was Fernanda who imposed her rules. With úrsula relegated to the shadows and with Amaranta absorbed In the work of her winding cloth, the former apprentice queen had the freedom to choose the guests and impose on them the rigid norms that her parents had taught her. Her severity made the house a redoubt of old customs in a town convulsed by the vulgarity with which the outsiders squandered their easy fortunes. For her, with no further questions asked, proper people were those who had nothing to do with the banana company. Even José Arcadio Segun-do, her brother-in-law, was the victim of her discriminatory jealousy because during the excitement of the first days he gave up his stupendous fighting cocks again and took a job as foreman with the banana company.
“蝎子，”阿玛兰塔解释。
乌苏娜拿指头做了戳胸口。
“在这儿，”她回答。
星期四，下午两点，霍。阿卡蒂奥去神学院了。乌苏娜经常记得他离开时的样子：板着面孔，无精打采，象她教他的那样没流一滴眼泪；由于穿了一件绿色灯芯绒衣服，扣着铜扣，领口系着浆硬的花结，他热得气都喘不上来。霍·阿卡蒂奥离开之后，饭厅里留下了浓烈的花露水味儿；为了在房子里容易找到这个孩子，乌苏娜是把花露水洒在孩子头上的。在送别午餐上，一家人在愉快的谈吐后面隐藏若激动，用夸大的热忱回答安东尼奥。 伊萨贝尔神父的笑谑。可是，大家把丝绒蒙面、银色包角的箱子抬出的时候，仿佛从房子里抬出一口棺材。奥雷连诺上校拒绝参加送别午餐。
“咱们就缺一个教皇！” 他嘟哝着说。
三个月之后，奥雷连诺第二和菲兰达把梅梅领到修道院学校去，带回一架旧式小钢琴，代替了自动钢琴。正是这时候，阿玛兰塔开始给自己缝制殓衣。“香蕉热”已经平静下去了，马孔多的土著居民发现，他们被外国人排挤到了次要地位，好不容易维持了以前的微薄收入，但他们感到高兴的是，仿佛船舶失事时终于侥幸得救了。布恩蒂亚家继续邀请成群的客人吃饭，昔日的家庭生活直到几年以后香蕉公司离开时才恢复过来。然而传统的好客精神发生了根本的文化，因为现在权力转到了菲兰达千里。乌苏娜被挤到了黑暗的境地。阿玛兰塔专心地缝制自己的殓衣。过去的“女王”有了选择客人的白由，能让他们遵守她的父母教导她的严规旧礼。那些外国人大肆挥霍轻易赚来的钱，把这个市镇摘行乌烟瘴气，但由于菲兰达处事严厉，布恩蒂亚家却成了旧习俗的堡垒。菲兰达认为，只有跟香蕉公司没有瓜葛的人才是正派的人。她丈夫的哥哥霍·阿卡蒂奥第二甚至也受到区别对待，因为在“香蕉热”最初几天的混乱中，他又卖掉了自己出色的斗鸡，当上了香蕉园的监工。
背景阅读
作者简介：
加西亚·马尔克斯（1927一）哥伦比亚作家，记者。生于马格达莱纳省阿拉卡塔卡镇。父亲是个电报报务员兼顺势疗法医生。他自小在外祖父家中长大。外祖父当过上校军官，性格善良、倔强，思想比较激进；外祖母博古通今，善讲神话传说及鬼怪故事，这对作家日后的文学创作有着重要的影响。
加西亚·马尔克斯作品的主要特色是幻想与现实的巧妙结合，以此来反映社会现实生活，审视人生和世界。重要作品有长篇小说《百年孤独》（1967）《家长的没落》（1975）、《霍乱时期的爱情》（1985）等。
本书简介：
《百年孤独》内容复杂，人物众多，情节离奇，手法新颖。马尔克斯在书中溶汇了南美洲特有的五彩缤纷的文化。他通过描写小镇马孔多的产生、兴盛到衰落、消亡，表现了拉丁美洲令人惊异的疯狂历史。小说以“汇集了不可思议的奇迹和最纯粹的现实生活”荣获1982年诺贝尔文学奖。
创作历程：
从1830年至十九世纪末的70年间，哥伦比亚爆发过几十次内战，使数十万人丧生。本书以很大的篇幅描述了这方面的史实，并且通过书中主人公带有传奇色彩的生涯集中表现出来。政客们的虚伪，统治者们的残忍，民众的盲从和愚昧等等都写得淋漓尽致。作家以生动的笔触，刻画了性格鲜明的众多人物，描绘了这个家族的孤独精神。在这个家族中，夫妻之间、父子之间、母女之间、兄弟姐妹之间，没有感情沟通，缺乏信任和了解。尽管很多人为打破孤独进行过种种艰苦的探索，但由于无法找到一种有效的办法把分散的力量统一起来，最后均以失败告终。这种孤独不仅弥漫在布恩迪亚家族和马孔多镇，而且渗入了狭隘思想，成为阻碍民族向上、国家进步的一大包袱。
作家写出这一点，是希望拉丁美洲民众团结起来，共同努力摆脱孤独。所以，《百年孤独》中浸淫着的孤独感，其主要内涵应该是对整个苦难的拉丁美洲被排斥现代文明世界的进程之外的愤懑[mèn]和抗议，是作家在对拉丁美洲近百年的历史、以及这块大陆上人民独特的生命力、生存状态、想象力进行独特的研究之后形成的倔强的自信。这个古老的家族也曾经在新文明的冲击下，努力的走出去寻找新的世界，尽管有过畏惧和退缩，可是他们还是抛弃了传统的外衣，希望溶入这个世界。可是外来文明以一种侵略的态度来吞噬这个家族，于是他们就在这样一个开放的文明世界中持续着“百年孤独”。作者表达着一种精神状态的孤独来批判外来者对拉美大陆的一种精神层面的侵略，以及西方文明对拉美的歧视与排斥。“羊皮纸手稿所记载的一切将永远不会重现，遭受百年孤独的家族，注定不会在大地上第二次出现了。” 作者用一个毁灭的结尾来表达了自己深深的愤懑。
