世纪文学经典:《百年孤独》第11章Part 7
日期:2013-10-10 17:03

(单词翻译:单击)

名著阅读

She remained motionless in the center of the room filled with knickknacks, examining inch by inch the giant with square shoulders and with a tattoo of ashes on his forehead, and through the haze of dust she saw him in the haze of other times with a double-barreled shotgun on his shoulder and a string of rabbits in his hand.
"For the love of God," she said in a low voice, it's not right for them to come to me with that memory now."
"I want to rent the house," Aureli-ano Triste said.
The woman then raised the pistol, aiming with a firm wrist at the cross of ashes, and she held the trigger with a determination against which there was no appeal.
"Get out," she ordered.
That night at dinner Aureli-ano Triste told the family about the episode and úrsula wept with consternation. "Holy God!" she exclaimed, clutching her head with her hands. "She's still alive!" Time, wars, the countless everyday disasters had made her forget about Rebeca. The only one who had not lost for a single minute the awareness that she was alive and rotting in her wormhole was the implacable and aging Amaranta. She thought of her at dawn, when the ice of her heart awakened her in her solitary bed, and she thought of her when she soaped her withered breasts and her lean stomach, and when she put on the white stiff-starched petticoats and corsets of old age, and when she changed the black bandage of terrible expiation on her hand. -Always, at every moment, asleep and awake, during the most sublime and most abject moments, Amaranta thought about Rebeca, because solitude had made a selection in her memory and had burned the dimming piles of nostalgic waste that life had accumulated in her heart, and had purified, magnified and eternalized the others, the most bitter ones. Remedios the Beauty knew about Rebeca's existence from her. Every time they passed the run-down house she would tell her about an unpleasant incident, a tale of hate, trying in that way to make her extended rancor be shared by her niece and consequently prolonged beyond death, but her plan did not work because Remedios was immune to any kind of passionate feelings and much less to those of others. úrsula, on the other hand, who had suffered through a process opposite to Amaranta's, recalled Rebeca with a memory free of impurities, for the image of the pitiful child brought to the house with the bag containing her parents' bones prevailed over the offense that had made her unworthy to be connected to the family tree any longer. Aureli-ano Segun-do decided that they would have to bring her to the house and take care of her, but his good intentions were frustrated by the firm intransigence of Rebeca, who had needed many years of suffering and misery in order to attain the privileges of solitude and who was not disposed to renounce them in exchange for an old age disturbed by the false attractions of charity.
她仍然纹丝不动地站在堆满了破旧东西的房间当中,仔细地审视这个肩膀宽阔、额上划了十字的大汉,透过一片尘雾,她看见他立在昔日的迷雾里:背上挎着一杆双筒枪,手里拎着一串兔子。
“不,看在上帝面上,”她用嘶哑的声音说。“现在让我回忆过去的事就太残酷啦。”
“我想租一间房子,”奥雷连诺·特里斯特说。
于是,妇人重新举起手枪,稳稳地对准他的灰十字,毅然决然地扣住扳机。
“滚出去!”她命令道。
傍晚,吃晚饭时,奥雷连诺·特里斯特把这桩事情告诉家里的人,乌苏娜惊骇地哭了,“天啊,”她抓住脑袋,叫道。“她还活着!” 时光,战争,日常的许多灾难,使她忘记了雷贝卡。时时刻刻感到雷贝卡还活着的,只有铁石心肠的、衰老的阿玛兰塔一个人。每天早晨,当她在孤单的床上怀着冰冷的心醒来时,她想到雷贝卡;当她用肥皂擦洗萎缩的胸脯和千瘪的肚子时,她想到雷贝卡;当她穿上浆硬的白色裙子和老妇的紧身胸衣时,她想到雷贝卡;当她在手上更换赎罪的黑色绷带时,她也想到雷贝卡。经常,任何时候,在最高尚的时刻和最卑贱的时刻,不管她是否睡着了,她都想到雷贝卡;孤独的日子使她清理了往事的回忆:抛弃了实际生活在她心中积聚的一大堆引起愁思的垃圾,而使另一些最痛苦的回忆变得更加纯净和永恒起来:俏姑娘雷麦黛丝是从她那儿知道雷贝卡的。每一次,她俩经过破旧的房子时,阿玛兰塔都要絮絮叨叨地把雷贝卡的一些令人不愉快的或者可耻的事情说给她听,企图用这个办法促使俏姑娘同样憎恨雷贝卡,让这种积怨在她阿玛兰塔死后也延续下去,但是她的企图最终遭到了失败,因为俏姑娘雷麦黛丝对于情场纠葛是无动于衷的,尤其是别人的情场纠葛。然而,乌苏娜一想到雷贝卡就会产生与阿玛兰塔相反的感觉:她脑海里的雷贝卡没有一点坏处。这个可怜的小姑娘是同她父母的骸骨袋子一起来到马孔多的,她的形象胜过了别人对她的中伤,尽管有入说她不配成为布恩蒂亚家族的人。奥雷连诺第二认为,他们应当把她接回家来,并且照顾她,可是由于雷贝卡的顽固不化,他的良好愿望没有实现:她为了获得孤身独处的特权,已过了多年贫苦的生活,就不愿拿这种特权去换取别人施舍之下的晚年了,去换取别人假惺惺的安慰了。
背景阅读

作者简介:

加西亚·马尔克斯(1927一)哥伦比亚作家,记者。生于马格达莱纳省阿拉卡塔卡镇。父亲是个电报报务员兼顺势疗法医生。他自小在外祖父家中长大。外祖父当过上校军官,性格善良、倔强,思想比较激进;外祖母博古通今,善讲神话传说及鬼怪故事,这对作家日后的文学创作有着重要的影响。

加西亚·马尔克斯作品的主要特色是幻想与现实的巧妙结合,以此来反映社会现实生活,审视人生和世界。重要作品有长篇小说《百年孤独》(1967)《家长的没落》(1975)、《霍乱时期的爱情》(1985)等。

本书简介:

《百年孤独》内容复杂,人物众多,情节离奇,手法新颖。马尔克斯在书中溶汇了南美洲特有的五彩缤纷的文化。他通过描写小镇马孔多的产生、兴盛到衰落、消亡,表现了拉丁美洲令人惊异的疯狂历史。小说以“汇集了不可思议的奇迹和最纯粹的现实生活”荣获1982年诺贝尔文学奖。

创作历程:

从1830年至十九世纪末的70年间,哥伦比亚爆发过几十次内战,使数十万人丧生。本书以很大的篇幅描述了这方面的史实,并且通过书中主人公带有传奇色彩的生涯集中表现出来。政客们的虚伪,统治者们的残忍,民众的盲从和愚昧等等都写得淋漓尽致。作家以生动的笔触,刻画了性格鲜明的众多人物,描绘了这个家族的孤独精神。在这个家族中,夫妻之间、父子之间、母女之间、兄弟姐妹之间,没有感情沟通,缺乏信任和了解。尽管很多人为打破孤独进行过种种艰苦的探索,但由于无法找到一种有效的办法把分散的力量统一起来,最后均以失败告终。这种孤独不仅弥漫在布恩迪亚家族和马孔多镇,而且渗入了狭隘思想,成为阻碍民族向上、国家进步的一大包袱。
作家写出这一点,是希望拉丁美洲民众团结起来,共同努力摆脱孤独。所以,《百年孤独》中浸淫着的孤独感,其主要内涵应该是对整个苦难的拉丁美洲被排斥现代文明世界的进程之外的愤懑[mèn]和抗议,是作家在对拉丁美洲近百年的历史、以及这块大陆上人民独特的生命力、生存状态、想象力进行独特的研究之后形成的倔强的自信。这个古老的家族也曾经在新文明的冲击下,努力的走出去寻找新的世界,尽管有过畏惧和退缩,可是他们还是抛弃了传统的外衣,希望溶入这个世界。可是外来文明以一种侵略的态度来吞噬这个家族,于是他们就在这样一个开放的文明世界中持续着“百年孤独”。作者表达着一种精神状态的孤独来批判外来者对拉美大陆的一种精神层面的侵略,以及西方文明对拉美的歧视与排斥。“羊皮纸手稿所记载的一切将永远不会重现,遭受百年孤独的家族,注定不会在大地上第二次出现了。” 作者用一个毁灭的结尾来表达了自己深深的愤懑。

分享到
重点单词
  • abjectadj. 卑贱的,不幸的,可怜的
  • awarenessn. 认识,意识,了解
  • rancorn. 敌意,恨意
  • consternationn. 惊愕,恐怖,惊惶失措
  • charityn. 慈善,慈善机关(团体), 仁慈,宽厚
  • attainv. 达到,获得
  • unworthyadj. 无价值的,没有优点的 adj. 不值得的;不应
  • pitifuladj. 慈悲的,可怜的
  • magnifiedadj. 放大的 v. 放大;夸张(magnify的过去
  • passionateadj. 热情的,易怒的,激情的