这段主要讲的是instinctive。然后说了两种情况，displacement和catharsis。

Two different schools of though exist among those who view aggression as instinct. School表示鱼群的意思，在这里表示学派。此句提到两个学派，提示下文，揭示文章结构。

One group

holds the view that aggression can build up spontaneously, with or without outside provocation, and violent behavior will thus result, perhaps as a result of little or no provocation. Another

suggests that aggression is indeed an instinctive response but that, rather than occurring spontaneously and without provocation, it is a direct response to provocation from an outside source.

迅速的找关键词One group 和 Another，抓住结构。这样才能记住文章，而不会读到后面的就忘掉前面的。根据前面一段在讲instinctive，推测出后面会讲learned。所以此段可以略过不读。在后面的题目中遇到需要找细节的再来读这里。如果需要细读此段，就如此处理：One group holds the view that aggression can build up spontaneously。认为是自发的，不管有或没有outside provocation外界刺激。所以暴力行为也是自发的。另一种观点认为aggression是一种天生的反应，rather than后面不读。它是一种直接反应to provocation from an outside source.容易看出，one group和another的观点是相反的。一种认为aggression是a result of no provocation.一种认为是direct response to provocation。

In contrast to instinct theories, social learning theories view aggression as a learned behavior. In contrast to 开始，跟前文观点相对比了，开始讲learned了。

This (指代前面)approach focuses on the effect that role models and reinforcement of behavior can be learned through a combination of modeling and positive reinforcement of the aggressive behavior and that children are influenced by the combined forces of observing aggressive behavior in parents, peers, or fictional role models and of noting either positive reinforcement for the aggressive behavior or , minimally, a lack of negative reinforcement for the behavior.

这句话表明learned的观点，很长，但是不难。根据前面介绍过的原则，找出主干This approach focuses on the effect that role models can be learned through a combination and that children are influenced by the combined forces of observing aggressive behavior in parents..... 后面的几句话中没有转折词，说明前后是顺承关系，后面的话是解释前面的话，不用读。

While research has provided evidence that the behavior of a live model is more influential than that of a fictional model, fictional models of aggressive behavior such as

those seen in movies and on television, do still have an impact on behavior. 这句省略掉细节部分，可以看出讲的是fictional models ......do still have an impact on behavior。

On-screen deaths or acts of violent behavior in certain television programs or movies can be counted in the tens, or hundreds, or even thousands; while some have argued that this sort of fictional violence does not in and of itself cause violence and may even have a beneficial cathartic effect, studies have shown correlations between viewing of violence and incidences of aggressive behavior in both childhood and adolescence. 此句讲屏幕上的暴力行为它本身不和引起violence，但是对childhood 和adolescence有影响。此句全部是讲细节，可以跳过不读。如果后面题目中会考到这里的细节，再来读这里。

Studies have also shown that it is not just the modeling of aggressive behavior in either its real-life or fictional form that correlates with increased acts of violence in youths; a critical factor in increasing aggressive behaviors is the reinforcement of the behavior.

If the aggressive role model is rewarded rather than punished for violent behavior, that behavior is more likely to be seen as positive and is thus more likely to be imitated.如果暴力行为被rewarded而不被punished，that behavior is more likely to be imitated模仿。

所以可以看出，快速阅读需要阅读的地方并不多，很多细节直接跳过了，只抓住文章主线和结构即可。在后面题目中考到细节的，只需再回过头来阅读相应部分就可以了，大大的节约了时间。