托福阅读中属于虚词的介词短语集之带-ing词尾的介词

barring：except，not including除....外

concerning：about，regarding论及，关于

excepting=except

failing：in default of因缺少...;在缺少...时

following：after in time;as a sequel to在....以后

including：if we include如果包括我;......包括在内

pending：during/until在.....期间/直到.....为止

regarding：about，concerning，in respect of

托福阅读中属于虚词的介词短语集之成语介词

according tas stated by/ in proportion根据...../依照.....

ahead of：further forward in space or time sb/sth; ealier tan sb/sth; further advanced than sb/sth

along with：in addition to;together with另外，加之，还有

apart from：exceping，not considering; in addition to除.....外/且莫说;除....之外尚有

as for：with regard to至于

as from：on and after(a specified time)从一特定时 间开始

as of=as from

as regards：about，concerning至于，..而论

as twith regard to关于，至于

because of：on account of，by reason

but for：without the help or hindrane etc.of假如没有....(帮助或障碍等);要不是

by means of凭借......的方法

due to，because of由于

except for：not including，other than除了